泥河湾古湖的形成机制及其与早期古人类生存环境的关系

袁宝印; 同号文; 温锐林; 王燕华

泥河湾古湖的形成机制及其与早期古人类生存环境的关系

1.
中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 北京 100029
2.
中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所, 北京 100044
3.
河北泥河湾国家级自然保护区管理处, 河北阳原 075000

基金项目:

科技部基础性工作专项项目 2007FY110200

详细信息

作者简介:
袁宝印(1938-), 男, 研究员, 主要从事地貌与第四纪地层工作。E-mail:YBY16888@sina.com

中图分类号: X141;P66;P52
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2008-10-23
- 刊出日期: 2009-03-28

THE FORMATION MECHANISM OF THE NIHEWAN PALRO-LAKE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH LIVING ENVIRONMENT FOR EARLY ANCIENT HUMEN

1.
Institute of Geology and Geophiscs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
2.
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
3.
Administrative office of Nature Protect Region of Nihewan, Yangyuan, Hebei 075000, China

摘要

摘要: 泥河湾盆地位于汾渭裂谷系的东北端, 是裂谷系的重要组成部分。古近纪初恒山-大同一带发育软流圈上涌柱, 导致岩浆喷发和地壳变薄, 距今25~24 Ma, 阳原-石匣一带开始沉陷形成盆地, 北侧出现伸展造山带。受到挤压作用使盆地内地壳缩短并在盆地南侧形成台地。上新世末至早更新世为盆地沉陷最盛时期, 泥河湾古湖形成。距今2.0~0.8 Ma, 该地区为温和的温带气候环境, 有的时段为亚热带气候, 同时火山喷发的火山灰和风成沉积为盆地土壤提供了丰富矿物质养分, 湖泊周边地区动植物繁盛, 为早期古人类在此栖息提供了必要的条件。该裂谷型盆地是适于早期古人类生存和发展的地区, 泥河湾盆地将是我国最有可能发现早期古人类化石的地点。
- 泥河湾盆地 /
- 汾渭裂谷 /
- 早期古人类 /
- 生存环境
Abstract: The Nihewan Basin is located at northeast end of the Fen-Wei rift valley system, and constitutes an important part of it. At the beginning of Eogene an upwelling plume of soft mantle was developed in Hengshan-Datong region. It caused thinning of the crust and magma eruption. During 25~24 Ma the crust began to subside along Yangyuan-Shixia area to form a basin, with an extensional orogen on its northern side. The compressional stress caused by shortening of the crust in the basin lead to the formation of terrace along its south side. The subsidence of the basin reached its acme during the terminal Pliocene to early Pleistocene when the Nihewan paleo-lake formed. During 2.0~0.8 Ma, the Nihewan paleo-lake saw a temperate climate intercalated with some subtropic intervals. The volcanic eruption and eolion deposits provided plentiful mineral nutrients necessary for living of animals and plants around the basin. These in turn offered the necessary living condition for early ancient humen. The Nihewan basin is a potential area to find the early ancient humen fossils.
- Nihewan Basin /
- Fen-Wei Rifting /
- early ancient humen /
- living environment

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图 1 泥河湾盆地地貌与活动断裂图

1.基岩山地；2.黄土台地；3.一级河流阶地；4.二级河流阶地；5.湖积台地；6.河漫滩：7.洪积扇；8.居民点：9.活动断裂

Figure 1. Geomorphological units and active faults in Nihewan Basin

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图 2 泥河湾盆地熊耳山-凤凰山地貌第四纪地质剖面图

1.基岩; 2.砂砾石; 3.细砂; 4.亚砂土; 5.亚黏土; 6.古土壤; 7.离石黄土; 8.马兰黄土

Figure 2. Map showing geomorphology and Quaternary profile from Xiongershan Mountain to Fenghuangshan Mountain in the Nihewan Basin

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图 3 泥河湾盆地盆山耦合响应理论模型图(据邢作云等2005^[10]修改)

Figure 3. Theoretical model of basin-mountain coupling response for the Nihewan Basin (Modified from Xing Zuo-yun et al 2005^[10])

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