龙门山典型河流形态变化的潜在地震因素分析

李建锋; 刘锋; 吴中海

龙门山典型河流形态变化的潜在地震因素分析

中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081

基金项目:

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务项目 DZLXJK201602

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160268

国家自然科学基金项目 41672204

详细信息

作者简介:
李建锋(1978-), 男, 博士, 构造地质学专业, 从事造山带与盆地演化及热年代学研究。E-mail:lijianfeng217@sina.com

通讯作者:
刘锋(1979-), 男, 博士, 构造地质专业, 主要从事构造地貌和地质灾害研究。E-mail:tcytgr2005@outlook.com

中图分类号: P546;P69
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- 文章访问数: 231
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- PDF下载量: 15
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-04-21
- 刊出日期: 2016-09-01

POSSIBLE SEISMIC CONTROL ON RIVER CHANNEL CHANGE IN THE LONGMENSHAN MOUNTAIN

Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 以岷江支流白沙河和涪江支流湔江为例，探讨了2008年汶川地震之后龙门山地区河流形态的变化及其可能的长期构造地貌效应。研究表明，2008年汶川地震地表破裂带穿越河流形成裂点（跌水），地震触发的山体滑坡、泥石流堵塞河道形成堰塞湖，致使河流形态及河流水动力条件随之发生变化。河流同震裂点在震后迅速消失，部分河段出现“裁弯取直”的趋势，这可能与河流中激增的沉积通量有关。随着周期性大地震的复发，河流的沉积-侵蚀过程会不断改变，伴随着震间活动断裂持续的构造变形，龙门山河流形态可能会发生快速变化。
- 裁弯取直 /
- 裂点 /
- 河流形态 /
- 地震 /
- 龙门山
Abstract: The 2008 M_w7.9 Wenchuan earthquake induced a large quantity of landslides whose materials entered the river channels. In some channel reach the seismic surface ruptures caused the co-seismic knick points across the channel of the Longmenshan Mountain. The river morphology and hydrodynamic condition may be changed. The field investigations show that co-seismic knick points disappeared rapidly, and meander cut-off would potentially occur in the near future. This suggests that the temporal increase in sediment input will not reduce the long-term fluvial transport capacity. A few years later, the rivers will reach a new state of eroion-transport-deposition. It is concluded that the seismic erosion events (landslide) and local hydrometerological conditions (heavy rainfall and flash flood) exert significant controls on the river channel change in the Longmenshan Mountain.
- meander cutoff /
- knick point /
- river channel change /
- large earthquake /
- Longmenshan Mountain

HTML全文

图 1 2008年汶川地震地表破裂空间分布和龙门山地区主要活动构造图

F₁-汶川-茂县断裂; F₂-映秀-北川断裂; F₃-灌县-安县断裂

Figure 1. Spatial distribution of the surface ruptures of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the active faults in the Longmenshan Mountain

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图 2 白沙河DEM图

Figure 2. The DEM of the Baisha River

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图 3 湔江北川段河流形态(图中显示部分河段已经或正在进行裁弯取直)

Figure 3. The fluvial morphology of the Beichuan reach of the Jianjiang River

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图 4 汶川地震同震裂点位置及其快速消失

Figure 4. The location of the co-seismic knickpoints of the Wenchuan earthquake and their rapid disappearance

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图 5 裂点与河流阶地的形成^[22]

Figure 5. Knickpoint and formation of river terrace

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图 6 白沙河河流纵剖面

Figure 6. The longitudinal profile of the Baisha River

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图 7 湔江河流形态与岩性

Figure 7. The fluvial morphology of the Jianjiang River and the lithology

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图 8 河流的快速搬运

Figure 8. The rapid transport capacity of the Baisha River

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图 9 地震滑坡地貌效应示意图

Figure 9. Schematic representation of the geomorphological effect of the seismic landslide

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