IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENT AND RESEARCH ON TECTONIC STRESS FIELD DISTRIBUTION LAW OF CHENGDU-LANZHOU RAILWAY
-
摘要: 成兰铁路位于青藏高原东部边缘高山峡谷区，由于印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞，区域内构造变形强烈，构造应力场十分复杂。为研究成兰铁路工程区地应力分布规律及断层稳定性，在铁路沿线茂县、松潘县以及宕昌县境内4个深孔水压致裂地应力测量基础上，获得了不同位置区域地应力实测值的大小和方向，并建立工程区应力参数随深度分布规律。分析表明：工程区应力随深度变化呈现出较好的线性关系，在测试深度范围内，水平应力普遍高于垂直主应力，地应力值总体上属于中—高地应力级别，在750 m深度内，最大水平主应力达25 MPa，反映出工程区构造应力占主导地位，侧压系数随深度呈缓慢衰减趋势。成兰铁路在不同构造单元上最大水平主应力方向有所不同，在东昆仑断裂以北甘南块体内，最大水平主应力为北北东向，在东昆仑断裂以南川青块体内最大水平主应力为北西向。根据实测的地应力数据并结合库伦滑动摩擦准则，对工程区内的断层稳定性进行了分析。文中取得的认识对成兰铁路工程区的构造应力场、断裂活动性的研究以及隧道工程的建设具有重要的参考意义。Abstract: Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway is located in the alpine valley area at the eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Due to the collisions of the India plate and Eurasian plate, regional tectonic deformation is severe. The railway line stretch across the Sichuan-Qinghai and the southern Gansu block, across the Longmenshan fault, Minjiang fault, East Kunlun fault, Diebu-Zhouqu-Bailongjiang fault and other active faults, and the regional tectonic stress field is very complicated. In order to study the in-situ stress distribution law and fault stability of Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway, hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurements were carried out in four boreholes along the railway area, the magnitude and direction of the in-situ stress in different positions are obtained, and the distribution law of stress parameters with depth-variant is established. The results show that in-situ stress presents a good linear relationship with depth-variant, and the horizontal stress is generally higher than the vertical stress within the measurement depth ranges, indicating that the regional stress field is dominated by tectonic horizontal stress. Within 750 m depth, the maximum horizontal principal stress is 25 MPa, belonging to middle-high stress level, and the lateral pressure coefficient decreases slowly with depth. The directions of maximum horizontal principal stresses are different in different tectonic units. The direction of maximum horizontal principal stress is NNE in the southern Gansu block while NW in the Sichuan-Qinghai block. According to Coulomb frictional failure criteria, the stability of the fault in the engineering area is analyzed. The results provide meaningful information for further research on tectonic stress field, fault activity and tunnel construction.
-
Key words:
- Chengdu-Lanzhou railway /
- hydraulic fracturing method /
- in-situ stress /
- fault stability
-
图 1 区域地质构造与地应力测点
Figure 1. Regional geological structure and in-situ stress measurement points
图 2 水压致裂地应力测量曲线
Pb-破裂压力; Pr-重张压力; Ps-闭合压力
Figure 2. Pressure-time curves by hydraulic fracturing method
图 3 主应力大小和应力比值随深度分布
SH-最大水平重压力; Sh-最小水平重压力; SV-垂直重压力
Figure 3. Distributions of principal stresses and the stress ratios with depth-variant
图 4 侧压系数随深度变化的回归分析
Figure 4. Regression analysis of lateral pressure coefficient values with depth-variant
图 5 最大水平主应力方向随深度分布
Figure 5. Distribution of the maximum horizontal stress orientations with depth-variant
图 6 青藏高原及邻区地壳水平运动特征
Figure 6. Characteristics of the crust horizontal motion in Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its adjacent areas
图 7 基于实测数据的摩擦滑动计算结果
S1-最大重应力值; P0-孔隙水压力; μ-摩擦系数
Figure 7. Calculation results based on measured in-situ stress data using frictional failure criterion
表 1 地应力测量结果
Table 1. In-situ stress measurement data
孔号 测试深度/m 主应力量值/MPa 应力方向 SH Sh SV ZK1 511.76 18.02 12.52 13.30 543.44 19.83 13.33 14.12 576.85 20.66 13.66 14.99 N22°E 604.32 22.93 14.93 15.70 N42°E 630.05 23.68 15.68 16.37 648.96 25.36 16.36 16.86 N33°E ZK2 420.90 11.13 8.71 10.93 468.85 12.81 8.56 12.18 516.10 20.37 13.35 13.40 N37°W 531.53 16.80 12.43 13.80 570.30 17.22 12.59 14.81 N32°W 602.90 18.00 13.68 15.66 612.00 19.25 13.10 15.89 N35°W 630.00 20.83 14.57 16.36 ZK3 163.40 7.87 5.12 4.32 208.80 10.08 6.23 5.52 245.10 10.40 7.55 6.48 345.00 16.62 10.65 9.12 N70°W 372.20 17.11 10.62 9.84 N62°W 390.40 20.14 12.87 10.33 426.70 14.90 10.43 11.29 N57°W 454.00 15.90 10.83 12.01 476.50 15.10 11.61 12.60 485.30 18.64 12.48 12.84 ZK4 410.69 15.20 9.96 10.67 484.65 17.09 11.65 12.59 N31°W 521.63 26.28 16.62 13.55 558.61 18.38 12.91 14.51 595.59 18.84 12.99 15.47 N28°W 669.55 22.81 15.48 17.39 743.51 24.05 16.26 19.31 N34°W 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 郭长宝, 张永双, 屈科, 等.大瑞铁路保山至瑞丽段及邻区地壳稳定性定量评价[J].地质力学学报, 2014, 20(1):70~81. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20140107&flag=1GUO Changbao, ZHANG Yongshuang, QU Ke, et al. Quantitative evaluation of crustal stability along the Baoshan-Ruili section of Dali-Ruili railway and its adjacent region[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2014, 20(1):70~81. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20140107&flag=1 [2] 黄禄渊, 张贝, 瞿武林, 等. 2010智利Maule特大地震的同震效应[J].地球物理学报, 2017, 60(3):972~984. doi: 10.6038/cjg20170312HUANG Luyuan, ZHANG Bei, QU Wulin, et al. The co-seismic effects of 2010 Maule earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2017, 60(3):972~984. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/cjg20170312 [3] 黄禄渊, 张贝, 程惠红, 等. 2015年智利Illapel Mw8.3地震同震效应及其对南美大陆地震危险性影响[J].地球物理学报, 2017, 60(1):163~173. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/94718X/201701/671126141.htmlHUANG Luyuan, ZHANG Bei, CHENG Huihong, et al. The co-seismic effect of the 2015 Chile Illapel Mw8.3 earthquake and its effect on seismic risk of South America[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2017, 60(1):163~173. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/94718X/201701/671126141.html [4] 郭书太, 崔少东, 王成虎, 等地下水封油库工程中三维地应力测量及其应用[J].地质力学学报, 2016, 22(1):114~124. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20160112&flag=1GUO Shutai, CUI Shaodong, WANG Chenghu, et al. 3D in-situ stress crustal stress measurement and its application to underground water-sealed oil storage cave engineering[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2016, 22(1):114~124. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20160112&flag=1 [5] 肖本职, 罗超文, 刘元坤.鄂西地应力测量与隧道岩爆预测分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(24):4472~4477. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2005.24.012XIAO Benzhi, LUO Chaowen, LIU Yuankun. In-situ stress measurement and prediction analysis of tunnel rockburst in west Hubei[J], Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(24):4472~4477. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2005.24.012 [6] 郭啟良, 伍法权, 钱卫平, 等.乌鞘岭长大深埋隧道围岩变形与地应力关系的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2006, 25(11):2194~2199. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2006.11.005GUO Qiliang, WU Faquan, QIAN Weiping, et al. Study on relationship between deformation of surrounding rock and in-situ stress in Wushaoling deep-buried railway tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(11):2194~2199. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2006.11.005 [7] 杜宇本, 袁传保, 王彦东, 等.成兰铁路主要地质灾害与地质选线[J].铁道工程学报, 2012, 19(8):11~15. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/tdgcxb201208003DU Yuben, YUAN Chuanbao, WANG Yandong, et al. Major geological hazard and geological alignment of Chengdu-Lanzhou railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2012, 29(8):11~15. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/tdgcxb201208003 [8] 许志琴, 侯立玮, 王宗秀, 等.中国松潘-甘孜造山带的造山过程[M].北京:地质出版社, 1992.XU Zhiqin, HOU Liwei, WANG Zongxiu, et al. Orogenic processes of the Songpan Ganze orogenic belt of China[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1992. (in Chinese) [9] 许志琴, 李化启, 侯立炜, 等.青藏高原东缘龙门-锦屏造山带的崛起——大型拆离断层和挤出机制[J].地质通报, 2007, 26(10):1262~1276. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2007.10.005XU Zhiqin, LI Huaqi, HOU Liwei, et al. Uplift of the Longmen-Jinping orogenic belt along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Large-scale detachment faulting and extrusion mechanism[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2007, 26(10):1262~1276. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2007.10.005 [10] 周荣军, 李勇, Densmore A L, 等.青藏高原东缘活动构造[J].矿物岩石, 2006, 26(2):40~51. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/kwys200602007ZHOU Rongjun, LI Yong, Densmore A L, et al. Active tectonics of the eastern margin of the Tibet Plateau[J]. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 2006, 26(2):40~51. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/kwys200602007 [11] HubbertM K, Willis D G. Mechanics of hydraulic fracturing[J]. AIME, 1957, 210:153~168. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/mtxb201408041 [12] 郭啟良, 王成虎, 马洪生, 等.汶川Ms8.0级大震前后的水压致裂原地应力测量[J].地球物理学报, 2009, 52(5):1395~1401. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DQWX200905030.htmGUO Qiliang, WANG Chenghu, MA Hongsheng, et al. In-situ hydro-fracture stress measurement before and after the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake of China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2009, 52(5):1395~1401. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DQWX200905030.htm [13] 丰成君, 陈群策, 吴满路, 等.水压致裂应力测量数据分析-对瞬时关闭压力Ps的常用判读方法讨论[J].岩土力学, 2012, 33(7):2149~2159. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ytlx201207036&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQFENG Chengjun, CHEN Qunce, WU Manlu, et al. Analysis of hydraulic fracturing stress measurement data-Discussion of methods frequently used to determine instantaneous shut-in pressure[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2012, 33(7):2149~2159. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ytlx201207036&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ [14] 王成虎, 郭啟良, 丁立丰, 等.工程区高地应力判据研究及实例分析[J].岩土力学, 2009, 30(8):2359~2364. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ytlx200908029WANG Chenghu, GUO Qiliang, DING Lifeng, et al. High in-situ stress criteria for engineering area and a case analysis[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2009, 30(8):2359~2364. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ytlx200908029 [15] 陈菲, 何川, 邓建辉.高地应力定义及其定性定量判据[J].岩土力学, 2015, 36(4):971~980. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Thesis/D019167CHEN Fei, HE Chuan, DENG Jianhui. Concept of high geostress and its qualitative and quantitative definitions[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, 36(4):971~980. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Thesis/D019167 [16] 杨树新, 姚瑞, 崔效锋, 等.中国大陆与各活动地块、南北地震带实测应力特征分析[J].地球物理学报, 2012, 55(12):4207~4217. doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.12.032YANG Shuxin, YAO Rui, CUI Xiaofeng, et al. Analysis of the characteristics of measured stress in Chinese mainland and its active blocks and North-South seismic belt[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2012, 55(12):4207~4217. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.12.032 [17] 王艳华, 崔效锋, 胡幸平, 等.基于原地应力测量数据的中国大陆地壳上部应力状态研究[J].地球物理学报, 2012, 55(9):3016~3027. doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.09.020WANG Yanhua, CUI Xiaofeng, HU Xingping, et al. Study on the stress state in upper crust of China mainland based on in-situ stress measurements[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2012, 55(9):3016~3027. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.09.020 [18] Brown E T, Hoek E. Trends in relationship between measured in-situ stresses and depth[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1978, 15(4):211~215. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0148906278912275 [19] 沈正康, 王敏, 甘卫军, 等.中国大陆现今构造应变率场及其动力学成因研究[J].地学前缘, 2008, 10(S1):93~100. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dxqy2003z1015SHEN Zhengkang, WANG Min, GAN Weijun, et al. Contemporary tectonic strain rate field of Chinese continent and its geodynamic implications[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2008, 10(S1):93~100. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dxqy2003z1015 [20] 朱守彪, 蔡永恩, 石耀霖.青藏高原及邻区现今地应变率场的计算及其结果的地球动力学意义[J].地球物理学报, 2005, 48(5):1053~1061. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dqwlxb200505011ZHU Shoubiao, CAI Yong'en, SHI Yaolin. Computation of the present-day strain rate field of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and its geodynamic implications[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2005, 48(5):1053~1061. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dqwlxb200505011 [21] 谢富仁, 崔效锋, 赵建涛, 等.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报, 2004, 47(4):654~662. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dqwlxb200404016XIE Furen, CUI Xiaofeng, ZHAO Jiantao, et al. Regional division of the recent tectonic stress field in China and adjacent areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2004, 47(4):654~662. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dqwlxb200404016 [22] 陈群策, 丰成君, 孟文, 等. 5.12汶川地震后龙门山断裂带东北段现今地应力测量结果分析[J].地球物理学报, 2012, 55(12):3923~3932. doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.12.005CHEN Qunce, FENG Chengjun, MENG Wen, et al. Analysis of in situ stress measurements at the northeastern section of the Longmenshan fault zone after the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2012, 55(12):3923~3932. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.12.005 [23] 陈群策, 范桃园, 李绪深, 等.中国南海海域北部地区现今地应力实测及综合分析研究[J].地球物理学报, 2014, 57(8):2518~2529. doi: 10.6038/cjg20140813CHEN Qunce, FAN Taoyuan, LI Xushen, et al. In situ measurements and comprehensive research on the present crustal stress of Northern South China Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014, 57(8):2518~2529. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/cjg20140813 [24] 李宏, 谢富仁, 王海忠, 等.乌鲁木齐市断层附近地应力特征与断层活动性[J].地球物理学报, 2012, 55(11):3690~3698. doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.11.016LI Hong, XIE Furen, WANG Haizhong, et al. Characteristics of in-situ stress measurements near the fault and fault activity in Urumqi City[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2012, 55(11):3690~3698. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.11.016 [25] 王成虎, 宋成科, 郭启良, 等.利用原地应力实测资料分析芦山地震震前浅部地壳应力积累[J].地球物理学报, 2014, 57(1):102~114. doi: 10.6038/cjg20140110WANG Chenghu, SONG Chengke, GUO Qiliang, et al. Stress build-up in the shallow crust before the Lushan Earthquake based on the in-situ stress measurements[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014, 57(1):102~114. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/cjg20140110 [26] Anderson E M. The dynamics of faulting and Dyke formation with application to Britain[M]. Edinburgh:Oliver and Boyd, 1942. [27] Jeager J C, Cook N G. Fundamentals of rock mechanics[M]. London:Chapman and Hall Press, 1969. [28] Byerlee J. Friction of rocks[J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 1978, 116(4~5):615~626. doi: 10.1007/BF00876528 [29] 苏恺之, 李方全, 张伯崇, 等.长江三峡坝区地壳应力与孔隙水压力综合研究[M].北京:地震出版社, 1996.SU Kaizhi, LI Fangquan, ZHANG Bochong, et al. Integrated research on the crustal stress and pore water pressure at the dam site of the Three Gorges[M]. Beijing:Earthquake Press, 1996. (in Chinese) [30] 姚路, 马胜利.断层同震滑动的实验模拟——岩石高速摩擦实验的意义、方法与研究进展[J].地球物理学进展, 2013, 28(2):607~623. doi: 10.6038/pg20130210YAO Lu, MA Shengli. Experimental simulation of coseismic fault sliding-significance, technological methods and research progress of high-velocity frictional experiments[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2013, 28(2):607~623. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/pg20130210 [31] 张雷, 何昌荣.粘土矿物的摩擦滑动特性及对断层力学性质的影响[J].地球物理学进展, 2014, 29(2):620~629. doi: 10.6038/pg20140220ZHANG Lei, HE Changrong. Frictional properties of clay minerals and their effect on fault behavior[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2014, 29(2):620~629. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.6038/pg20140220 [32] Sibson R H. Interactions between temperature and pore-fluid pressure during earthquake faulting and a mechanism for partial or total stress relief[J]. Nature, 1973, 243(126):66~68. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgxwyxkx200911022 [33] Rice J R. Heating and weakening of faults during earthquake slip[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2006, 111(B5):B05311. doi: 10.1029-2005JB004006/ -
下载:
图(7) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 341
- HTML全文浏览量: 191
- PDF下载量: 31
- 被引次数: 0
