基于ASTER遥感图像的东昆仑造山带岩性信息提取研究

高万里; 张绪教; 王志刚; 张紫程; 张耀玲

基于ASTER遥感图像的东昆仑造山带岩性信息提取研究

1.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院，北京 100083
2.
中国科学院遥感应用研究所，北京 100101
3.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 1212010711510

详细信息

作者简介:
高万里(1985-)，男，在读硕士研究生，第四纪地质学专业。E-mail: gwanli851202@163.com

中图分类号: P627
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2009-12-04
- 刊出日期: 2010-03-28

EXTRACTION OF LITHOLOGIC INFORMATION FROM THE EAST KULUN OROGENIC BELT USING ASTER REMOTE SENSING IMAGE

1.
College of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 应用ASTER数据，通过主成分分析和矿物指数等岩性信息提取方法，对东昆仑造山带温泉水库地区进行了岩性信息的遥感识别与提取。研究结果表明，主成分图像和矿物指数图能很好地反映岩石物质组成信息。元古宇结晶灰岩、二叠系灰岩、中三叠统闹仓坚沟组砂岩以及上三叠统八宝山组碎屑岩等分布面积较大的岩石地层单位在ASTER图像上可以识别出来。ASTER图像对基岩裸露区岩性信息进行提取是行之有效的方法，特别是碳酸盐岩及具有不同SiO₂含量的沉积岩和火山岩; 但对厚度较小的岩性识别及岩石蚀变还需要进一步研究。
- 高级星载热发射和反射辐射计(ASTER) /
- 岩性提取 /
- 主成分分析 /
- 矿物指数 /
- 东昆仑造山带
Abstract: By using ASTER data and such methods for extraction of lithologic information as major composition image and the mineral index, a discrimination for and extraction of lithologic information has been made in the Wenquan Reservoir area of the East Kunlun orogenic belt. The results show that the major composition image and the mineral index can well reveal the composition of rocks. Clearly shown on ASTER images are lithostratigraphic units covering a relatively large area, including Proterozoic crystalline limestone, the limestone in Permian Malzheng Formation, the sandstone in Middle Triassic Naocangjiangou Formation and the clastic rocks in Upper Triassic Babaoshan Formation. ASTER images would prove to be an effective method for extraction of lithologic information in bedrock exposed areas, especially for carbonate rocks as well as sedimentary and volcanic rocks with varying SiO₂ contents. But for the rock units of small thickness or altered rocks, the methods need to be improved.
- ASTER /
- lithologic extraction /
- major composition analysis /
- mineral index /
- East Kunlun orogenic belt

HTML全文

图 1 格尔木南地质构造简图

1.下侏罗统羊曲组; 2.三叠系巴颜喀拉山群; 3.上三叠统八宝山组; 4.中三叠统闹仓坚沟组; 5.二叠系马尔争组; 6.石炭系; 7.志留—泥盆系牦牛山组; 8.奥陶—志留系纳赤台群; 9.寒武系沙松乌拉组; 10.中元古界万宝沟群; 11.花岗岩类侵入体; 12.断层; 13.研究区

Figure 1. Geological map of the area south of Golmud showing sample locations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 东温泉地区ASTER图像

Figure 2. ASTER images of Eastern Kunlun area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 ASTER短波红外波段分布及其与常见矿物特征吸收带的关系

(方框内数字4 ~ 9为ASTER短波红外的6个波段。矿物光谱据USGS光谱库。)

Figure 3. Distribution of the ASTER shortwave infrared band and its relationship with the specific absorption bands of common minerals

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 野外岩石地层地质照片

a-红土沟北; b-大干沟北; c-东大滩北; d-雪水河谷口; e-红土沟东侧; f-红土沟南侧

Figure 4. Photos of lithologic units

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 温泉水库岩性单元解译图

Figure 5. Interpretation figures for the lithologic units in the Wenquan Reservoir area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 ASTER系统的基本物理参数^[8]

Table 1. Basic physical parameters of the ASTER system

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