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基于多源遥感数据的矿物蚀变信息提取——以西藏甲玛铜多金属矿为例

吴小娟 温静 肖晨超 崔振营

吴小娟, 温静, 肖晨超, 等, 2015. 基于多源遥感数据的矿物蚀变信息提取——以西藏甲玛铜多金属矿为例. 地质力学学报, 21 (2): 228-240.
引用本文: 吴小娟, 温静, 肖晨超, 等, 2015. 基于多源遥感数据的矿物蚀变信息提取——以西藏甲玛铜多金属矿为例. 地质力学学报, 21 (2): 228-240.
WU Xiao-juan, WEN Jing, XIAO Chen-chao, et al., 2015. EXTRACTION OF ALTERED MINERAL INFORMATION BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE REMOTE SENSING DATA: A CASE STUDY OF JIAMA COPPER POLYMETALLIC DEPOSIT. Journal of Geomechanics, 21 (2): 228-240.
Citation: WU Xiao-juan, WEN Jing, XIAO Chen-chao, et al., 2015. EXTRACTION OF ALTERED MINERAL INFORMATION BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE REMOTE SENSING DATA: A CASE STUDY OF JIAMA COPPER POLYMETALLIC DEPOSIT. Journal of Geomechanics, 21 (2): 228-240.

基于多源遥感数据的矿物蚀变信息提取——以西藏甲玛铜多金属矿为例

基金项目: 

中国地质调查局地质调查项目"地质勘查遥感系统集成与综合应用示范" 1212011120226

详细信息
    作者简介:

    吴小娟(1986-), 女, 河南开封人, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为遥感数据应用。E-mail:wuxiaojane@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P627

EXTRACTION OF ALTERED MINERAL INFORMATION BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE REMOTE SENSING DATA: A CASE STUDY OF JIAMA COPPER POLYMETALLIC DEPOSIT

  • 摘要: 以甲玛矿区的ETM+(TM)数据和Aster数据为数据源, 采用波段代数运算法和主成分分析法提取两种数据中的蚀变矿物信息, 然后将蚀变信息结果融合得到研究区矿物蚀变分布图。ETM+(TM)数据适合提取羟基、铁染、碳酸盐等基团(离子)信息, 为遥感找矿提供基础的技术支撑。Aster数据可以识别出更细化的蚀变矿物, 如方解石、褐铁矿、绿泥石、白云母和高岭石等。通过与研究区地质资料及前人勘探结果比对分析, 遥感矿物蚀变信息结果有效、可靠。

     

  • 图  1  甲玛矿区建造构造图[11]

    1—第四系;2—楚木龙组;3—林布宗组;4—多底沟组;5—硅帽;6—花岗斑岩;7—花岗闪长斑岩;8—二长花岗斑岩;9—石英闪长玢岩;10—辉绿玢岩;11—矽卡岩;12—矿体;13—地层界线;14—角岩蚀变界线;15—正断层;16—逆断层;17—斜歪倒转背斜;18—斜歪倒转向斜

    Figure  1.  The Jiama mine construction structural map

    图  2  各类蚀变矿物标准波谱(据USGS)

    Figure  2.  Standard spectral curves of alteration minerals

    图  3  去除干扰前后影像对比

    Figure  3.  Comparison of original image and denoise image

    图  4  ETM+(TM)蚀变矿物提取结果

    Figure  4.  Extraction results of alteration mineral based on ETM+(TM) data

    图  5  几种蚀变矿物提取结果图

    Figure  5.  Extraction results of mineral alteration based on Aster data

    图  6  ETM+(TM)数据和Aster数据蚀变信息提取结果图

    Figure  6.  Extraction results of mineral alteration based on ETM+(TM) data and Aster data

    表  1  Landsat-7 ETM+(TM)参数

    Table  1.   The parameter of Landsat-7 ETM+(TM) data

    通道波长/μm波段地面分辨率/m应用
    10.45~0.5230海色、植被、土壤识别
    20.52~0.60绿30植被绿色反射
    30.63~0.6930叶绿素吸收、植被识别
    40.76~0.90近红外30生物量、水面识别
    51.55~1.75短波红外30植被湿度、雪、云识别
    610.4~12.5热红外60热制图、植被热胁迫
    72.09~2.35短波红外30水热制图
    80.45~0.52全色波段15制图
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  Aster数据参数

    Table  2.   The parameters of Aster

    光学子系统波段波长/μm空间分辨率/m辐射分辨率
    可见光近红外(VNIR)Band 10.52~0.6015NE Δρ≤0.5%
    Band 20.63~0.69
    Band 30.76~0.86
    Band 3N0.76~0.86
    短波红外(SWIR)Band41.600~1.70030NE Δρ≤0.5%
    Band52.145~2.185NE Δρ≤1.3%
    Band62.185~2.225NE Δρ≤1.3%
    Band72.235~2.285NE Δρ≤1.3%
    Band82.295~2.365NE Δρ≤1.0%
    Band92.360~2.430NE Δρ≤1.3%
    热红外(TIR)Band 108.125~8.47590NE ΔT≤0.3 K
    Band 118.475~8.825
    Band 128.925~9.275
    Band 1310.25~10.95
    Band 1410.95~11.65
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  羟基-铁染-碳酸盐在ETM+(TM)数据中的波谱特征

    Table  3.   Spectral characteristics of mineral on Landsat ETM+(TM) data

    基团离子Band 1Band 2Band 3Band 4Band 5Band6Band 7
    羟基反射吸收反射吸收
    铁染吸收反射吸收反射
    碳酸盐反射吸收
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  羟基、铁染、碳酸盐主成分分析特征向量

    Table  4.   Eigenvector of principal component analysis(PCA)

    蚀变矿物波段主成分分析特征向量载荷因子贡献值
    PC1PC2PC3PC4
    羟基B10.4626600.707850-0.1720770.505256
    B40.6024250.0784410.664456-0.435235
    B50.636666-0.482005-0.591928-0.109310
    B70.132990-0.5103590.4225030.737115
    信息量91.51%7.98%0.36%0.15%
    铁染B10.4160800.6704010.575621-0.214709
    B30.4955130.255463-0.3804740.737865
    B40.529017-0.045025-0.565401-0.631217
    B50.549076-0.6951790.4519090.104975
    信息量94.52%5.14%0.31%0.03%
    碳酸盐B10.4842440.602072-0.2019780.601849
    B30.5774980.2410610.592879-0.506834
    B50.644576-0.567005-0.498904-0.118838
    B70.128552-0.5078440.5989940.605620
    信息量90.51%9.01%0.35%0.13%
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  羟基-铁染-碳酸盐在Aster数据中的波谱特征

    Table  5.   Spectral characteristics of hydroxyl group, iron and carbonate based on Aster data

    蚀变矿物Band 1Band 2Band 3Band 4Band 5Band 6Band 7Band 8Band 9
    白云石反射反射反射微弱吸收反射吸收反射
    黄钾铁矾反射吸收反射反射
    褐铁矿反射吸收反射吸收
    钙铁榴石吸收反射反射吸收
    绿泥石吸收反射吸收反射吸收
    白云母微弱吸收反射吸收反射
    高岭石反射吸收反射
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  几种蚀变矿物提取采用方法及对应Aster波段选择

    Table  6.   Bands selection based on Aster data

    蚀变矿物波段代数运算法主成分分析法
    白云石(B6+B9)×0.5/B8B1,B3,B4,(B5+B8)/2
    绿泥石(B5+B9)/(B7+B8)B1,B3,B4,B8
    高岭石B1,B3,B4,B6
    白云母B5/B6B1,B4,B6,B7
    褐铁矿B2/B1B1,B2,B3,B4
    黄钾铁矾B1,B4,B7,B8
    钙铁榴石B1,B3,B4,(B8+ B9)/2
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2014-12-10
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