LARGE-SCALE E-W THRUST NAPPES IN JIANCHUAN-HUTIAOXIA AREA, NW YUNNAN, CHINA: A DISCUSSION ON THE BOUNDARY OF THE YANGTZE CRATON AND TIBET-SANJIANG OROGENIC SYSTEM
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摘要: 基于剑川至虎跳峡一带的野外区域地质调查资料, 论述剑川-虎跳峡断裂的性质, 进而探讨扬子-华南陆块区与西藏-三江造山系的界线。野外观察显示, 该区存在大规模自东向西的逆冲推覆构造, 从剑川开始, 经丽江白汉场—汝寒坪、忠义村, 至香格里拉县的虎跳峡镇(下桥头)等地, 多条剖面可见上扬子稳定型的古生代及中生代三叠纪地层自东向西逆冲推覆在西藏-三江造山系地层层序之上, 推覆距离大于50 km。因此, 剑川—虎跳峡断裂不是两大板块的边界, 而是一条狭长的构造窗。两大板块的界线应是大理-剑川-丽江-木里断裂, 南段接红河断裂。Abstract: Based on the regional geological survey, the characteristics of the faults in Jianchuan-Hutiaoxia area and the boundary of the Yangtze Craton and Tibet-Sanjiang Orogenic System were discussed. The results show that there exist EW trending large-scale thrust nappe structures in this region. Through the observation of several sections which started from Jianchuan to Baihanchang-Ruhanping and Zhongyi Village in Lijiang, and ended in Hutiaoxia town (Xiatiaotou) in Shangri-La, it is revealed that the stable sequences including Paleozoic and Mesozoic Triassic strata of Yangtze craton are thrust nappes, overlying westward on the strata sequences of the Tibetan-Sanjiang orogenic system, with the thrusting distance over 50 km. Therefore the Jianchuan-Hutiaoxia fault is a narrow tectonic window instead of the boundary of the Yantze Craton and the Sanjiang orogenic system. The Erhai-Jianchuan-Lijiang-Muli fault is suggested as the boundary of the two plates, extending southward to the Red River fault.
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图 1 滇西北剑川—虎跳峡区域构造(a)和地质简图(b)
1—第四系；2—新近系；3—古近系；4—中三叠统上段；5—中三叠统下段；6—下—中三叠统；7—峨眉山玄武岩；8—石炭系；9—泥盆系；10—志留系；11—奥陶系；12—寒武系；13—元古界石鼓群；14—性质不明断层；15—逆断层；16—沉积不整合；17—地层界线；18—剖面及其编号；19—断裂及其编号：①—金沙江断裂；②—点苍山断裂；③—洱海-剑川-丽江-木里断裂；④—西洱河断裂
Figure 1. Regional tectonics and geologic map of Jianchuan-Hutiaoxia area, northwestern Yunnan Province
图 2 丽江汝寒坪T2b图切剖面(剖面Ⅰ-Ⅰ′位置见图 1)
1—灰岩；2—变质流纹岩；3—玄武岩；4—绢云板岩；5—砂岩；6—砂砾岩；7—泥质灰岩；8—页岩逆冲推覆断裂面之上为扬子稳定型地层，之下为甘孜-理塘缝合带的双峰式火山岩组合的流纹岩段
Figure 2. Geologic section of the Upper Member of Middle Triassic in Ruhanping, Lijiang
图 3 丽江县忠义T2a-T2b路线剖面(剖面Ⅱ-Ⅱ′位置见图 1)
1—灰岩；2—绢云千枚岩；3—绿泥片岩；4—变质玄武岩；5—采样点；6—动物化石采集地逆冲推覆断裂面之上为扬子稳定型地层，之下为甘孜-理塘缝合带双峰式火山岩组合的流纹岩段(T2b)和玄武岩段(T2a)
Figure 3. Geologic section of the Upper and Lower Member of Middle Triassic in Zhongyi, Lijiang
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