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天水市麦积区税湾地震黄土滑坡特征及其形成机制

李浩 杨为民 黄晓 刘廷 田尤 程小杰

李浩, 杨为民, 黄晓, 等, 2016. 天水市麦积区税湾地震黄土滑坡特征及其形成机制. 地质力学学报, 22 (1): 12-24.
引用本文: 李浩, 杨为民, 黄晓, 等, 2016. 天水市麦积区税湾地震黄土滑坡特征及其形成机制. 地质力学学报, 22 (1): 12-24.
LI Hao, YANG Wei-min, HUANG Xiao, et al., 2016. CHARACTERISTICS AND DEFORMATION MECHANISM OF SHUIWAN SEISMIC LOESS LANDSLIDE IN MAIJI, TIANSHUI. Journal of Geomechanics, 22 (1): 12-24.
Citation: LI Hao, YANG Wei-min, HUANG Xiao, et al., 2016. CHARACTERISTICS AND DEFORMATION MECHANISM OF SHUIWAN SEISMIC LOESS LANDSLIDE IN MAIJI, TIANSHUI. Journal of Geomechanics, 22 (1): 12-24.

天水市麦积区税湾地震黄土滑坡特征及其形成机制

基金项目: 

中国地质调查局地质调查项目"西秦岭北缘断裂带天水段地震地质灾害调查评价" 12120114035601

详细信息
    作者简介:

    李浩(1990-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事地质灾害、工程地质等方面的研究。E-mail:leehao1990@126.com

    通讯作者:

    杨为民(1965-), 男, 研究员, 博士, 从事地质灾害、工程地质及活动断裂研究工作。E-mail:snon_72@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P694

CHARACTERISTICS AND DEFORMATION MECHANISM OF SHUIWAN SEISMIC LOESS LANDSLIDE IN MAIJI, TIANSHUI

  • 摘要: 以天水市税湾地震黄土滑坡为例, 依据野外调查和室内测试结果, 总结天水地区历史地震黄土滑坡特点, 剖析地震黄土滑坡发生的力学机制, 初步提出历史地震黄土滑坡的识别标志。税湾滑坡及柳沟右岸滑坡群属典型的地震黄土滑坡, 具有规模大、滑动面切割深、滑坡坡度小、成群成带分布和高位下滑等特点, 可作为识别历史地震黄土滑坡的重要标志。税湾滑坡及柳沟右岸滑坡群坡体具有明显的黄土/泥岩二元斜坡结构, 极易沿黄土/泥岩接触面滑动。当坡体受到地震力作用时, 地震产生的循环动荷载一方面降低滑坡岩土体的抗剪强度, 另一方面改变滑坡体的力学状态, 坡体应力平衡遭到破坏, 地震力增加坡体下滑力、减小坡体抗滑力, 导致坡体失稳发生滑坡。目前, 税湾滑坡处于欠稳定状态, 遇地震或强降雨有可能再次失稳下滑, 因而有必要进一步开展地震黄土滑坡的成灾模式研究, 为潜在强震区防灾减灾提供科学依据。

     

  • 图  1  天水地区主要活动断裂及地震分布图(据文献[14]修编)

    Figure  1.  The main active faults and earthquakes distribution in Tianshui area

    图  2  柳沟两岸滑坡分布平面图

    Figure  2.  Planar distribution graph of landslides in both sides of Liugou

    图  3  麦积区税湾滑坡工程地质平面图

    Figure  3.  Engineering geology planar graph of Shuiwan landslide

    图  4  麦积区税湾滑坡A-B工程地质剖面图

    Figure  4.  Engineering geology profile graph A-B of Shuiwan landslide

    图  5  税湾滑坡钻孔柱状图

    Figure  5.  Columnar section of drill hole of Shuiwan landslide

    图  6  税湾滑坡钻孔滑动面

    Figure  6.  Slip surface in drill hole of Shuiwan landslide

    图  7  税湾滑坡变形破坏现象

    a—挤压鼓包,镜向W;b—滑坡体上由剪张裂缝形成的次级冲沟,镜向NW;c—滑坡后壁发育卸荷裂隙,镜向SW;d—民房出现拉张裂缝,镜向NE;e—滑坡前缘发生溜滑、树木歪斜,镜向NW;f—滑坡前缘沟谷小滑坡,镜向W

    Figure  7.  Deformation features of Shuiwan landslide at present

    图  8  地震诱发黄土滑坡地质力学模型

    Figure  8.  Geomechanical model of seismic loess landslides

    表  1  柳沟冲沟两岸滑坡特征统计

    Table  1.   Characteristics statistics of landslides in both sides of Liugou

    滑坡位置滑坡编号长×宽(m)厚度/m规模/(104 m3)切割深度/m距梁顶水平距离/m坡度/(°)滑坡成因类型
    柳沟右岸1500×60040~5075020~30013地震
    2200×10010~15126~10010地震
    3600×3508080040~50012.5地震
    4550×45080~10099050~60013地震
    5500×40080~10080070~80015地震
    柳沟左岸6250×400201500~530015降雨
    7800×5003070020~3015012地震
    8100×1002010012040降雨
    9200×2004010008035降雨
    10150×10010~201508032降雨
    11180×150151605028降雨
    12200×15010~153003035降雨
    13230×19030~408005040降雨
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  滑床岩土体部分物理力学性质表

    Table  2.   Physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil mass of slider bed

    岩土体类型密度/(g·cm-3)含水率/%渗透系数/(10-6 cm·s-1)粘聚力/kPa内摩擦角/(°)
    Q3黄土1.88~1.9218.0~19.05~2030.2~49.423.7~29.2
    古土壤2.01~2.0618.1~22.00.4~1.248.0~85.625.0~32.9
    风化带土1.98~2.0220.6~24.240~6034.2~54.022.2~28.5
    泥岩2.03~2.1215.9~24.10.01~0.10117.0~193.021.8~32.0
    下载: 导出CSV
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