GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF GEOMORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR LANDSLIDE HAZARDS
-
摘要: 基于ArcGIS平台, 利用SRTM-DEM数据资料, 选择青藏高原东缘及四川盆地为研究区, 提取了区内地形起伏度和坡度等地貌参数, 统计了区内2319个滑坡点的高程, 初步建立了地形地貌与滑坡灾害点分布之间的对应关系。结果表明, 研究区滑坡灾害点及其高程分布具有明显的区域规律性, 滑坡灾害点发生的高程为400~800m和1400~2000m, 这两个区间占研究区所有滑坡总数的40%和28%;滑坡所对应的地形起伏度主要在300~600m, 占研究区所有滑坡总数的48.68%;滑坡灾害发生的地形坡度为10°~25°, 占研究区所有滑坡总数的44.70%。研究发现, 这些地区对应的地貌类型主要是深切的"V"型河谷和山谷地貌。此外, 从断裂活动等方面分析了滑坡形成的动力机制。Abstract: Based on SRTM-DEM data and using the ArcGIS platform, the authors have extracted and calculated the elevations, relief amplitudes and slopes of 2319 landslide sites on the eastern margin and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and in the Sichuan basin. The correlation between the geomorphological factors and landslide distribution has been preliminarily established. The landslides in the study area occur at sites with specific geomorphological factors and are mainly distributed along the active faults and river valleys. The elevations at which the landslides occur mostly range between 400 and 800 m and between 1400 and 2000 m. The landslides occurring in the two ranges account for 40% and 28% of the total in the study area. The relief amplitudes of the landslides are mainly in the range of 300-600m, and the lan dslides occurring in this relief amplitude range account for 48.68% of the total. The topographic slopes mainly range from 10° to 25°, and the landslides occurring in this slope range accounts for 44.70% of the total. The geomorphological types at these sites are mainly deeply incised V-shaped valleys and mountainous river valleys. In addition, active faults play an important role in controlling the distribution and occurrence of the landslides.
-
Key words:
- ArcGIS /
- topographic relief amplitude /
- slope /
- landslide hazard /
- geomorphological type
-
图 5 地形起伏度与滑坡个数的相关性
Figure 5. Correlation between relief amplitudes and number of landslides
-
[1] 黄宗理, 张良弼(主编). 地球科学大辞典应用学科卷[M]. 北京, 地质出版社, 2005: 487. [2] 段丽萍, 郑万模, 李明辉, 等.川西高原主要地质灾害特征及其影响因素浅析[J].沉积与特提斯地质, 2005, 25(4):95~98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3850.2005.04.016 [3] 徐志文.四川省地质环境状况及地质灾害发育特征研究[J].地质与勘探, 2006, 42 (4):97~102. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0495-5331.2006.04.021 [4] 刘岁海, 刘爱平.四川省康定县滑坡灾害发育特征与形成条件[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2006, 17 (3):27~31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2006.03.007 [5] 孟晖, 张岳桥, 杨农.青藏高原东缘中段地质灾害空间分布特征分析[J].中国地质, 2004, 31 (2):218~224. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2004.02.016 [6] 吴树仁, 陈庆宣, 等.滑坡灾害预测模型对比分析[J].地质力学学报, 1996, 2 (3):96~97. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=19960369&journal_id=dzlxxb [7] 吴树仁, 胡道功, 谭成轩, 等.长江三峡库首区滑坡灾害空间预测[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 1998, 9 (3):141~147. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK199800969669 [8] 文宝萍.滑坡预测预报研究现状与发展趋势[J].地学前缘, 1996, 3 (122):86~92. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/pczydxxb201802006 [9] Liu Kangxiang, Li Jingyang, Zhu Dongping, Liu Shouquan.Stability analysis and control of Pantaogong landslide of Guiyang city[J].Carsologica Snica, 2001, 20 (4):284~289. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgyr200104007 [10] 朱建群, 周勇.贵州龙井滑坡的成因与稳定性分析[J].土工基础, 2007, 21 (5):59~65. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-3152.2007.05.020 [11] Anbalagan R, Singh A.Landslide hazard and risk assessment mapping of mountainous terrain—A case study for Kumaun Himalaya, India[J].Engineering Geology, 1996, 43(4):237~246. doi: 10.1016/S0013-7952(96)00033-6 [12] Brabb EE, Panpeyan EH, Bonilla MG.Map of Landslide Susceptibility in San M ateo County, California[M].US Geological Survey, 1972:4~9. [13] 杨绍南.大连城市区斜坡岩土体运动地质灾害防治对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2000, 11 (2):10~13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2000.02.003 [14] 安海堂, 刘培青, 李强等.新疆南天山迪那河流域地质灾害成因及防治对策[J].新疆地质, 2007, 25 (3):317~319. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8845.2007.03.019 [15] 李毅, 徐文杰, 覃朝科, 等.广西防城港那勤滑坡稳定性评价及防治对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2005, 16(3):31~36. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2005.03.008 [16] 吴树仁.突发地质灾害研究某些新进展[J].地质力学学报, 2006, 12 (2):265~273. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2006.02.021 [17] Rabus B, Eineder M, Roth A, Bamler R.The shuttle radar topography mission-a new class of digital elevation models acquired by spaceborne radar[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, 2003, 57:241~262. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=JJ021208915 [18] 张会平, 杨农, 张岳桥, 孟晖.岷江水系流域地貌特征及其构造指示意义[J].第四纪研究, 2006, 26 (1):126~135. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2006.01.016 [19] 刘静, 丁林, 曾令森, 等.青藏高原典型地区的地貌量化分析—兼对高原"夷平面"的讨论[J].地学前缘, 2006, 13 (5):285~299. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2006.05.002 [20] 钟敦伦, 王成华, 谢洪, 李泳编. 中国泥石流滑坡编目数据库与区域规律研究[M]. 成都: 四川科学出版社, 1998, 14~20, 25~30. [21] 郭芳芳, 杨农, 孟晖, 等.地形起伏度和坡度分析在区域滑坡灾害评价中的应用[J].中国地质, 2008, 35 (1):131~143. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgdizhi200801014 [22] 张岳桥, 杨农, 孟晖.岷江上游深切河谷及其对川西高原隆升的响应[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 32 (4):331~339. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-9727.2005.04.001 [23] 杨农, 张岳桥, 孟晖, 张会平.川西高原岷江上游河流阶地初步研究[J].地质力学学报, 2003, 9 (4):363~370. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2003.04.008 [24] 涂汉明, 刘振东.中国地势起伏度研究[J].测绘学报, 1991, 20 (4):311~319. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1595.1991.04.009 [25] 陈志明.论中国地貌图的研制原则、内容与方法[J].地理学报, 1993, 48 (2):105~113. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.1993.02.002 [26] 徐锡伟, 张培震, 闻学泽.川西及其邻近地区活动构造基本特征与强震复发模型[J].地震地质, 2005, 27 (3):446~461. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2005.03.010 [27] 李延兴, 杨国华, 杨世东, 等.根据现代地壳垂直运动划分中国大陆活动地块边界的尝试[J].地震学报, 2001, 23(1):11~16. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-3782.2001.01.002 [28] 唐文清, 刘宇平, 陈智梁等.龙门山断裂构造带GPS研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学, 2004, 24(3):57~59, 83. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dkxbydz200403012 [29] 吕江宁, 沈正康, 王敏.川滇地区现代地壳运动速度场和活动块体模型研究[J].地震地质, 2003, 25 (4):543~554. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2003.04.003 [30] 罗忠新.凉山州泥石流形成原因及防范对策[J].气象, 1991, 17 (2):27~29. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK000002442921 [31] 陈智梁, 张选阳, 沈凤, 等.中国西南地区地壳运动的GPS监测[J].科学通报, 2007, 44 (8):851~854. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/kxtb199908015 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(8)
计量
- 文章访问数: 191
- HTML全文浏览量: 93
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
