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地质剖面测制新方法的尝试——点坐标法

王冉 马立成 孙勇 张胜龙 贾志明

王冉, 马立成, 孙勇, 等, 2017. 地质剖面测制新方法的尝试——点坐标法. 地质力学学报, 23 (6): 856-863.
引用本文: 王冉, 马立成, 孙勇, 等, 2017. 地质剖面测制新方法的尝试——点坐标法. 地质力学学报, 23 (6): 856-863.
WANG Ran, MA Licheng, SUN Yong, et al., 2017. A NEW GEOLOGICAL SECTION MEASURING AND MAPPING METHOD:POINT COORDINATES METHOD. Journal of Geomechanics, 23 (6): 856-863.
Citation: WANG Ran, MA Licheng, SUN Yong, et al., 2017. A NEW GEOLOGICAL SECTION MEASURING AND MAPPING METHOD:POINT COORDINATES METHOD. Journal of Geomechanics, 23 (6): 856-863.

地质剖面测制新方法的尝试——点坐标法

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 41402044

中国博士后基金特别项目 2013T60869

地质大调查项目 DD20160173

详细信息
    作者简介:

    王冉(1980-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 构造地质学专业。E-mail:shiranwang@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    马立成(1978-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 构造地质学专业。E-mail:malicheng2000@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P623

A NEW GEOLOGICAL SECTION MEASURING AND MAPPING METHOD:POINT COORDINATES METHOD

  • 摘要: 在区域地质调查中,地质剖面测制是一项必要的工作,而传统的导线法限制因素较多,质量和效率有待提高。在导线法的基础上,基于野外实践经验,提出了一种地质剖面测制新方法,即点坐标法。该方法的要点有:利用GPS获得地形控制点,以及分层、采样、产状、照相等位置的三维点坐标;构建一套函数公式,根据各点的三维空间坐标值,可计算获得点间平距、高差、方位角、坡度角等参数,从而投影绘制地质剖面图。该方法的主要优点有:不再需要测绳,可从人工测量记录转变为自动测量记录,实现了测量数据的数字化;避免了导线终点与实际终点不重合的情况;每一个分层点都有GPS坐标,便于野外复查。结合点坐标法测制地质剖面的实例证明,点坐标法较之导线法有多快好省的优点,值得在实际应用中广泛使用。

     

  • 图  1  导线法实测地质剖面的理想投影过程

    Figure  1.  The projection process model of the geological profile measured by the tapeline method

    图  2  导线投影三角函数关系以及导线弯曲误差示意图

    Figure  2.  Sketch map showing the trigonometric function of tapeline projection and its errors derived from tapeline bending

    图  3  点坐标法投影三角函数关系示意图

    Figure  3.  Sketch map showing the trigonometric function of point coordinates projection

    图  4  点坐标法方位角换算的三角函数关系示意图

    a—相对上点前进方向为0°~90°;b—相对上点前进方向为90°~180°;c—相对上点前进方向为180°~270°;d—相对上点前进方向为270°~360°

    Figure  4.  Schematic diagram of trigonometric function of azimuth conversion by the point coordinates method

    图  5  福建某地点坐标法测制地质剖面图

    Figure  5.  The geological profile measurement by the point coordinates method in someplace, Fujian province

    表  1  导线法和点坐标法剖面测制的制约因素对比

    Table  1.   The comparison of restricting factors between the tapeline method and the point coordinates method in profile measurement

    对比因素或情形 导线法 点坐标法
    障碍物 须平移 绕道即可
    覆盖区较大 须平移 须平移
    构造破坏严重 须平移 须平移
    可否自动化 不可 可以
    比例尺 较小比例尺时需要多次测量地形,耗时较长 较小比例尺可以设置间隔距离自动采集点坐标
    前测手工作强度 人少时或者需要讨论时,前测手需要返回 无需前后测手,不受此因素控制
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2016-12-12
  • 刊出日期:  2017-12-28

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