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河流沉积分析在浅覆盖第四纪填图中的应用——以内蒙古河套地区1:50000填图试点为例

刘晓彤 张绪教 叶培盛 贾丽云 蔡茂堂 何泽新 李成路 吴泽群 周青硕

刘晓彤, 张绪教, 叶培盛, 等, 2016. 河流沉积分析在浅覆盖第四纪填图中的应用——以内蒙古河套地区1:50000填图试点为例. 地质力学学报, 22 (4): 868-881.
引用本文: 刘晓彤, 张绪教, 叶培盛, 等, 2016. 河流沉积分析在浅覆盖第四纪填图中的应用——以内蒙古河套地区1:50000填图试点为例. 地质力学学报, 22 (4): 868-881.
LIU Xiao-tong, ZHANG Xu-jiao, YE Pei-sheng, et al., 2016. APPLICATION OF FLUVIAL DEPOSITIONAL SYSTEM ANALYSIS DURING THE QUATERNARY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE SHALLOW COVERED AREA: A CASE STUDY OF 1: 50000 GEOLOGICAL MAPPING IN THE HETAO REGION OF INNER MONGOLIA. Journal of Geomechanics, 22 (4): 868-881.
Citation: LIU Xiao-tong, ZHANG Xu-jiao, YE Pei-sheng, et al., 2016. APPLICATION OF FLUVIAL DEPOSITIONAL SYSTEM ANALYSIS DURING THE QUATERNARY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE SHALLOW COVERED AREA: A CASE STUDY OF 1: 50000 GEOLOGICAL MAPPING IN THE HETAO REGION OF INNER MONGOLIA. Journal of Geomechanics, 22 (4): 868-881.

河流沉积分析在浅覆盖第四纪填图中的应用——以内蒙古河套地区1:50000填图试点为例

基金项目: 

中国地质调查局地质调查项目“特殊地质地貌区填图试点” DD20160060

中国地质调查局项目“内蒙古1:5万呼勒斯太苏木(K48E017024)等四幅填图试点” 12120114042101

详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘晓彤(1989-), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要从事覆盖区第四纪地质调查。E-mail:13120366829@163.com

    通讯作者:

    张绪教(1964-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事第四纪地质、新构造运动的教学及科研工作。E-mail:zhangxj@cugb.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P512.31;P546

APPLICATION OF FLUVIAL DEPOSITIONAL SYSTEM ANALYSIS DURING THE QUATERNARY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE SHALLOW COVERED AREA: A CASE STUDY OF 1: 50000 GEOLOGICAL MAPPING IN THE HETAO REGION OF INNER MONGOLIA

  • 摘要: 随着国家大比例尺地质调查(1:50000)向特殊地质地貌区的开展,已有第四纪填图方法已不能满足覆盖区填图的实际需求,地质工作者面临着第四纪大比例尺填图“填什么、如何填”的问题。选取典型覆盖区——河套平原为研究区,以河流沉积理论为指导,通过钻孔揭露方法,建立了全新世以来的河流沉积体系,并以此作为区域地质图骨架,提出了河道亚相、堤坝亚相、泛滥平原亚相的填图单元,应用“逐步逼近原则”确定地质界线,划分出区内三期河道及其相应的沉积体系,解决了覆盖区第四纪地质调查中填图单元稀少,地质图表达单调的问题,为覆盖区第四纪地质调查提供了一套可行方案。

     

  • 图  1  研究区地质图(a修改自[23]; b修改自临河县幅1:200000地质图)

    Figure  1.  Geological map of study area

    图  2  研究区河流沉积模式

    Figure  2.  Depositional model of rivers in study area

    图  3  工作流程图

    Figure  3.  Technology roadmap

    图  4  取样位置及钻孔柱状图

    Figure  4.  The position of sample and stratigraphic column of drill

    图  5  水平层理及斜层理

    Figure  5.  Horizontal and oblique beddings

    图  6  "逐步逼近原则"示意图

    Figure  6.  Sketch map of "principle of step by step approximation"

    图  7  塔尔湖成果草图部分展示

    Figure  7.  Part of geological sketch in Taer lake area

    图  8  复兴地质图草图部分展示

    Figure  8.  Part of geological sketch in Fuxing area

    表  1  主要填图单元特征

    Table  1.   Characteristies of main mapping units

    填图单元
    (沉积亚相)
    主要沉积物沉积特点地表形态沉积物粒度特征
    河道亚相中砂、细砂、粉细砂沉积厚层砂体整体为长条状三段式及两段式跳跃及悬浮组分为主
    堤坝亚相粉砂、黏土粉砂黏土互层或厚层粉砂, 斜层理伴随河道, 并沿河道方向延伸三段式及两段式跳跃及悬浮组分组合, 悬浮组分为主
    泛滥平原亚相黏土, 粉砂质黏土红棕色厚层黏土沉积无规则分布, 常被其他沉积相切割掩埋两段式为主悬浮组分占优势
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  河道亚相沉积特征

    Table  2.   Sedimentary characteristics of channel subfacies

    典型沉积相(点4090) 分层描述沉积组合(▲代表取样位置)及粒度曲线
    ① 层为耕作土
    沉积组合特征:较厚细砂层"二元结构"
    ② 229~130 cm, 灰黄色黏土质粉砂
    ③ 3131~200 cm, 灰棕色细砂
    分析:概率累计曲线得到样品为两段式和三段式, 跳跃组分和悬浮组分占优势; 频率曲线得到分层沉积物来源均一, 中值粒径分别为50 μm、157 μm; 平均粒径分别为52 μm、166 μm, 沉积物相对较粗, 整体呈现上细下粗的"二元结构", 较厚细砂的出现, 成为河道亚相标志层。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  堤坝亚相沉积特征

    Table  3.   Sedimentary characteristics of embankment subfacies

    典型沉积相(点4094) 分层描述沉积组合(▲代表取样位置)及粒度曲线
    ① 层:耕作土
    沉积组合特征:粉砂黏土互层
    ② 层:22~80 cm, 红棕色黏土
    ③ 层:80~117 cm, 棕黄色黏土质粉砂
    ④ 层:117~200 cm, 红棕色黏土, 质地均匀, 可塑性较强
    分析:概率累计曲线得到样品均为两段式, 以跃移和悬移为主, 悬移组分比例较大, 形成水动力较弱。频率曲线得到分层沉积物来源一致, 中值粒径分别为7 μm、26 μm、6 μm; 平均粒径分别为9 μm、26 μm、8 μm。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  泛滥平原亚相沉积特征

    Table  4.   Depositional feature of flood plain

    典型沉积相(点4096) 分层描述沉积组合(▲代表取样位置)及粒度曲线
    ① 层:耕作土
    ② 层:34~67 cm, 黄棕色含粉砂黏土
    沉积组合特征:棕红色黏土为主
    ③ 层:67~84 cm, 棕黄色黏土质粉砂
    ④ 层:84~200 cm, 棕红色黏土
    分析:概率累计曲线得到样品均为两段式, 以悬浮组分占优势。频率曲线得到分层沉积物来源一致, 中值粒径分别为16 μm、7 μm; 平均粒径分别为17 μm、8 μm, 沉积物整体较细, 以较厚棕红色黏土层为标志层, 氧化色明显。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2016-09-15
  • 刊出日期:  2016-12-01

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