汶川地震断裂带附近建筑物的灾害效应模拟研究

苏生瑞; 张永双; 郝莉莉; 李松

汶川地震断裂带附近建筑物的灾害效应模拟研究

1.
长安大学地质工程系, 陕西西安 710054
2.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 1212010914025

国家自然科学基金重点项目 41030749

详细信息

作者简介:
苏生瑞(1963-)，男，甘肃庆阳人，工学博士，长安大学地质工程系教授，从事地质工程教学和研究工作

中图分类号: P315.9
计量
- 文章访问数: 255
- HTML全文浏览量: 125
- PDF下载量: 6
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-04-27
- 刊出日期: 2011-12-01

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE HAZARD EFFECT OF A BUILDING NEAR THE FAULT PRODUCED BY THE WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE

1.
School of Geological Engineering and Surveying, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
2.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 位于汶川地震破裂带附近的汶川水磨镇硅业公司厂房在地震中产生了独特的破坏现象.根据现场调查和测绘资料, 建立了二维有限元模型, 进行了断裂带附近建筑物灾害效应的数值模拟.模拟结果很好地解释了厂房在地震中产生的独特破坏现象的机理.研究表明, 断层的形成改变了局部的应力场条件和加速度特征, 从而使位于断层上盘的楼房发生差异性破坏, 紧邻断层一侧破坏强烈.地震时楼体主梁的破坏是轴向应力和剪应力同时作用造成的.
- 断裂带 /
- 建筑物 /
- 灾害效应 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: Particular destroy phenomena occurred in the main building of Shuimo Silicon Company near the fault produced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. On the basis of site investigation, two-dimensioanl finite element model is set up, and the hazard effect of a building caused by the faulting is simulated. The simulation result may be used to explain the mechanism for the formarion of the particular destroy phenomena of the building during the earthquake. It is thought that the formation of fault altered the local stress field and acceleration, thus led to the differential destroy of the building at the hanging wall of the fault which is characetrized by the stronger destroy near the fault. The destroy of the main beam is caused by the co-action of axial stress and shear stress.
- fault zone /
- building /
- hazard effect /
- numerical modelling

HTML全文

图 1 厂房平面图

(图中数字为柱的编号)

Figure 1. Plane of the factory building

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 位于角部的柱体错动

Figure 2. Dislocation of the pile

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 靠近断层一侧钢筋混凝土柱破坏

Figure 3. Failure of concrete pile adjacent to the fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 钢筋混凝土柱遭挤压、剪切破坏

(图 1中14号柱)

Figure 4. Sheared and compressed failure of the pile

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 场地地质剖面图

Figure 5. Geological profile of the site

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 几何模型

Figure 6. Geomertrical model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 厂房地基最大主应力分布图

Figure 7. Distribution of the maximum principal stress in base

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 厂房地基剪应力云图

Figure 8. Shear stress of the base

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 梁单元轴向应力曲线图

Figure 9. Axial stresses of the beam element

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 梁单元剪应力曲线图

Figure 10. Shear stresses of the beam element

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 厂房底部最大剪应变分布图

Figure 11. Distribution of maximum shear strain in the base

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 材料参数

Table 1. Parameters of the materials

参考文献(13)

[1]	Somerville P G, Smith N F, Graves R W, et al.Modification of empirical strong ground motion attenuation relations to include the amplitude and duration effects of rupture directivity [J].Seismological Research Letters, 1997, 68 (1): 199~222. doi: 10.1785/gssrl.68.1.199
[2]	Somerville P G. Seismic hazard evaluation [C]//Proceedings of 12^th World Congress of Earthquake Engineering. Auckaland: New Zealand Earthquake Commision, 2000: 1~16.
[3]	Wang G Q, Zhou X Y, Zhang P Z, et al.Characteristics of amplitude and duration for near fault strong ground mot ion from the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake [J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2002, 22 (1): 73~96. doi: 10.1016/S0267-7261(01)00047-1
[4]	Bray J D, Rodriguez-Marek A.Characterizat ion of forward-directivity ground motions in the near-fault region [J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2004, 24 (5): 815~828.
[5]	刘启方, 袁一凡, 金星, 等.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动, 2006, 26 (1): 1~10. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzgcygczd200601001 LIU Qi-fang, YUAN Yi-fan, JIN Xing, et al.Basic characteristics of near-fault ground motions [J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2006, 26 (1): 1~10. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzgcygczd200601001
[6]	杨迪雄, 赵岩, 李刚.近断层地震动运动特征对长周期结构地震响应的影响分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报, 2007, 27 (2): 33~40. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzxk200702002 YANG Di-xiong, ZHAO Yan, LI Gang.Influence analysis of motion characteristics of near-fault ground motions on seismic responses of long-period structures [J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2007, 27 (2): 33~40. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzxk200702002
[7]	吴珍汉, 张作辰.汶川8级地震地质灾害的类型及实例[J].地质学报, 2008, 82 (12): 1747~1752. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2008.12.010 WU Zhen-han, ZHANG Zuo-chen.Types of seismic and geological hazards caused by the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake [J].Acta Geologica Sinica, 2008, 82 (12): 1747~1752. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2008.12.010
[8]	谢洪, 王士革, 孔纪名."5.12"汶川地震次生山地灾害的分布与特点[J].山地学报, 2008, 26 (4): 396~401. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/sdxb200804003 XIE Hong, WANG Shi-ge, KONG Ji-ming.Distribution and characteristics of mountain hazards induced by the earthquake on May 12 in Wenchuan, China [J].Journal of Mountain Science, 2008, 26 (4): 396~401. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/sdxb200804003
[9]	王连捷, 崔军文, 周春景, 等.汶川5.12地震发震机理的数值模拟[J].地质力学学报, 2009, 15 (2): 105~113. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20090201&journal_id=dzlxxb WANG Lian-jie, CUI Jun-wen, ZHOU Chun-jing, et al.Numerical modeling for Wenchuan earthquake mechanism [J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2009, 15 (2): 105~113. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20090201&journal_id=dzlxxb
[10]	张永双, 石菊松, 孙萍, 等.汶川地震内外动力耦合及灾害实例[J].地质力学学报, 2009, 15 (2): 131~141. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20090203&journal_id=dzlxxb ZHANG Yong-shuang, SHI Ju-song, SUN Ping, et al.Coupling between endogenic and exogenic geological processes in the Wenchuan earthquake and example analysis of geo-hazards [J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2009, 15 (2): 131~141. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20090203&journal_id=dzlxxb
[11]	谭成轩, 孙叶, 吴树仁, 等.5.12汶川Ms 8.0大地震后关于我国区域地壳稳定性评价的思考[J].地质力学学报, 2009, 15 (2): 142~150. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20090204&journal_id=dzlxxb TAN Cheng-xuan, SUN Ye, WU Shu-ren, et al.A consideration on regional crustal stability assessment after Ms 8.0 Wenchuan strong earthquake in China [J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2009, 15 (2): 142~150. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20090204&journal_id=dzlxxb
[12]	侯康明, 李丽梅, 黄耘.汶川8级大震震害特征和发震断裂运动方式探讨[J].防灾减灾工程学报, 2008, 28 (3): 88~93. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzxk200803022 HOU Kang-ming, LI Li-mei, HUANG Yun.Discussion on the characteristics of earthquake disaster and the movement mode of seismogenic fault of the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 extraordinary earthquake occurrence in Sichuan Province [J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2008, 28 (3): 88~93. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzxk200803022
[13]	周荣军, 黄润秋, 雷建成, 等.四川汶川8.0级地震地表破裂与震害特点[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2008, 27 (11): 2173~2183. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2008.11.002 ZHOU Rong-jun, HUANG Run-qiu, LEI Jian-cheng, et al.Surface rupture and hazard characteristics of Wenchaun earthquake with magnitude 8.0 in Sichaun Province [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2008, 27 (11): 2173~2183. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2008.11.002