牛首山-罗山断裂带北段柳木高断裂第四纪活动特征

公王斌; 施炜; 陈虹; 邱士东; 尹艳广; 赵燚

牛首山-罗山断裂带北段柳木高断裂第四纪活动特征

1.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081
2.
中国地质调查局, 北京 100037
3.
中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目“特殊地质地貌区填图试点” DD20160060

详细信息

作者简介:
公王斌(1985-), 男, 助理研究员, 构造地质学专业。E-mail:gongwangbin@126.com

中图分类号: P546
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-09-15
- 刊出日期: 2016-12-28

QUATERNARY ACTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LIUMUGAO FAULT IN THE NORTHERN SEGMENT OF THE NIUSHOUSHAN-LUOSHAN FAULT

1.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2.
China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China
3.
School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 牛首山-罗山断裂带是青藏高原东北缘弧形断裂系最外缘断裂带，自南向北由固原断裂、罗山东麓断裂、牛首山断裂及三关口断裂组成。通过遥感解译、野外调查及探槽揭露等方法对牛首山断裂北段柳木高断裂第四纪几何学、运动学特征进行了研究，并通过断层截切地层关系及年代学测试，限定了该断裂第四纪演化过程及全新世的地震事件。研究结果表明，柳木高断裂上新世至晚更新世自南西向北东逆冲，晚更新世至全新世左行走滑逆冲，表现为正花状构造，而全新世则发生了正倾滑运动。全新世期间，1690±30 yr BP（公元320-415）之后发生了一次古地震事件，推测柳木高断裂可能是公元876年青铜峡南6.5级地震的发震断裂。柳木高断裂第四纪早期活动特征与固原断裂、罗山东麓断裂及牛首山断裂一致，是青藏高原北东向持续扩展引起的，而全新世的正倾滑运动可能与银川地堑的伸展作用有关。
- 左行压扭性运动 /
- 正倾滑运动 /
- 第四纪 /
- 柳木高断裂 /
- 青藏高原东北缘
Abstract: The Niushoushan-Luoshan fault is located in the northeastern margin of the arcuate structure zone in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, consisting of Guyuan, Eastern Luoshan, Niushoushan and Sanguankou faults from south to north. In this study, we defined the geometry and kinematics, and evolution of the Liumugao fault, which is the northern segment of the Niushoushan fault, during the Quaternary earthquakes through remote sensing interpretations, field observations and trench investigations, and bracketed the occurrence of Holocene earthquakes according to the analyses of cut-off relationship and age dating. We concluded that, the fault was dominated by NE-directed thrusting during Pliocene to late Pleistocene, followed by sinistrallateral torsional movement during late Pleistocene to pre-Holocene, which presented as positive flower structure, and normal faulting during Holocene. And the paleo-earthquake occurred after 1690±30 BP (Cal AD 320~415). The Liumugao fault might be the seismogenic fault of the M_w 6.5 south Qingtongxia earthquake in A.D. 876.The kinematic characteristic of Liumugao fault during Pliocene to late Pleistocene is consistent with the Guyuan, Eastern Luoshan and Niushoushan faults, which might result from the ongoing northeastward movement of the Tibetan Plateau. The Holocene normal faulting might be controlled by the extension of Yinchuan graben.
- sinistrallateral torsional movement /
- normal faulting /
- Quaternary /
- Liumugao fault /
- northeastern Tibetan Plateau

HTML全文

图 1 青藏高原东北缘构造及地貌简图

(a修改自文献^[20]; b数据为30 m分辨率的GDEM, 修改自文献^[13])

Figure 1. Tectonic and topographic maps of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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图 2 柳木高断裂地貌特征及剖面位置

Figure 2. Topographic characteristics of the Liumugao fault and locations of profiles

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图 3 柳木高断裂大口子地貌特征(图像来自Google Earth)

Figure 3. Google Earth image showing the topographic characteristics of the Liumugao fault in Dakouzi

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图 4 柳木高断裂大口子山前基岩断裂特征

Om—奥陶系马家沟组灰岩; E₃s—渐新统寺口子组砾岩; Qp^3pl—上更新统冲洪积物; Qh^dl—全新统残坡积物

Figure 4. Fault characteristics of the Liumugaopiedmont fault in Dakouzi

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图 5 柳木高断裂大口子台地前缘断裂地貌特征

Figure 5. Fault characteristics of terrace frontal fault inDakouzi, Liumugao fault

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图 6 青铜峡火车站西柳木高断裂断层地貌特征及二号探槽位置

Figure 6. Topographic characteristics and location of the No. 2 trench in western Qingtongxia station, Liumugao fault

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图 7 青铜峡火车站西柳木高断裂线性地貌陡坎

Figure 7. Topographic scarps and location of the No. 2 trench in west of the Qingtongxia station, Liumugao fault

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图 8 柳木高断裂大口子一号探槽南侧壁素描图

①—固结砾石层, 具平行层理, 砾石分选中等, 磨圆中等, 粒径平均为2~3 cm; ②—固结的砂砾石层, 为① 中的透镜体, 砾石含量较少, 砂含量较高; ③—粉砂透镜体层, 剖面中部f1断裂两盘; ④—松散砂砾石层, 砾径平均1~2 cm, 主要发育于断裂f1两侧, 但西侧呈较小透镜体; ⑤—中-晚更新世具平行层理的粗砂、细砾石层, 发育细砾石透镜体, OSL年龄140 ka; ⑥—中-晚更新世松散砾石层, 分选较好, 粒径为1~2 cm, OSL年龄90 ka左右; ⑦—含少量砾石的粉砂层; ⑧—厚松散砾石层, 层理不清楚, 夹钙质粉砂透镜体; ⑨—土黄色粉砂层; ⑩—腐殖土层, 砂、砾、黏土混杂堆积

Figure 8. Sketch of south sidewall of the No.1 Trench in Dakouzi, Liumugao fault

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图 9 柳木高断裂西夏渠剖面断层特征

Figure 9. Characteristics of Liumugao fault in Xixia acequia profile

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图 10 柳木高断裂南段青铜峡火车站西二号探槽南侧壁剖面图

①—上新世干河沟组N₂g(5.4~2.5 Ma^[20])灰白色砾岩、含砾砂岩及砂岩、紫红色泥岩及灰黄色松散砂岩, 砂岩中发育平行层理、斜层理及波状层理; ②—中更新世Qp²杂色松散砂砾石沉积, 砾石分选、磨圆差, 不整合覆盖于N₂g之上, 底部见大量① 层原地剥蚀堆积的灰白色砂岩、紫红色泥岩砾石, 上部夹钙质胶结砂砾石透镜体; ③—晚更新世Qp³粉砂; ④—全新世灰白色粉砂层; ⑤—全新世灰绿色粉砂层; ⑥—全新世腐殖土层

Figure 10. Sketch of south sidewall of the No. 2 Trench in west of Qingtongxia station, Liumugao fault

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