METALLOGENIC MODEL OF THE XIANGSHAN URANIUM ORE FIELD, JIANGXI PROVINCE
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摘要: 本文在阐述相山矿田区域地质背景和成矿特征的基础上, 分析了成矿物质来源、成矿溶液来源及成矿物质迁移途径, 建立了相山矿田铀成矿模式。认为相山矿田铀成矿是受区域地质背景控制的特定时空域内的客观产物, 区域富铀地层是成矿的物质基础, 成矿溶液源自岩浆水和混入的雨水, 岩浆及期后热液是铀迁移的载体。铀成矿模式强调了火山岩成岩过程是成矿物质的富集过程, 火山岩浆期后成矿热液系统演化孕育了相山火山盆地50Ma的成矿过程, 流体降温、浓缩、混合等成矿机制的耦合, 促使了铀沉淀、成矿。Abstract: The authors studied the regional geological setting and metallogenic characteristics of the Xiangshan ore field and analyzed the sources of ore substances and ore fluids and channels for transport of ore substances, and on that basis, they constructed a uranium metallogenic model for the Xiangshan ore field. Uranium metallogenesis of the Xiangshan ore field took place in a specific temporal-spatial domain controlled by the regional geological setting; regional uranium-rich strata provided substances for metallogenesis; and ore fluids derived from magmatic water, mixed meteoric water, magma and postmagmatic hydrothermal fluids were carriers of uranium transport. The uranium metallogenic model emphasizes that the formation process of volcanic rocks was a process of ore substance concentration. The evolution of the volcanic postmagmatic hydrothermal ore system gave birth to ore-forming processes with a time span of 50 Ma in the Xiangshan volcanic basin. The coupling of metallogenic mechanisms such as temperature decline, concentration and mixing of fluids promoted uranium precipitation and ore formation.
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图 1 相山地区构造格架(解译)示意图
1.白垩系; 2.侏罗系; 3.三叠系; 4.石炭系; 5.南华系-震旦系; 6.次火山岩; 7.铀矿床集中产出区
Figure 1. Schematic map of the structural framework (interpreted) in the Xiangshan area
图 2 相山矿田北部矿集带地质略图
1.鹅湖岭组; 2.打鼓顶组; 3.南华系—震旦系; 4.花岗斑岩; 5.线性断裂; 6.推覆构造; 7.火山塌陷构造; 8.地层整合、不整合界线; 9.矿床
Figure 2. Geological sketch map of the north uranium mineralization belt of the Xiangshan uranium ore field
图 3 蚀变分带素描图
1.花岗斑岩; 2.钠长石化; 3.赤铁矿化; 4.萤石化; 5.蚀变渐变界线; 6.裂隙构造
Figure 3. Sketch map of alteration zoning
图 4 华南地区不同时代部分地层及不同构造运动期花岗岩铀含量分布示意图
(据章邦桐等, 1990[9]及核工业270研究所1993、1995年资料整理)
Figure 4. Distribution of uranium contents in some strata of different ages and granites formed in different tectonic stages in South China
图 5 相山矿田成矿期溶液在雨水(A)、海水(B)和岩浆水(C)三角图中的投影
Figure 5. Projection of ore solutions at the mineralization stage in the Xiangshan ore field in the triangle diagram of meteoric water (A), seawater (B) and magmatic water (C)
表 1 相山矿田各类岩石中铀矿平均品位及其资源量占探明资源量的份额
Table 1. Average uranium grades and percentages of uranium resources in various types of rocks in the total verified resources of the Xiangshan ore field
表 2 相山铀矿田矿石类型及其特征
Table 2. Uranium ore types in the Xiangshan uranium ore field and their characteristics
表 3 相山矿田部分矿床铀矿石同位素年龄
Table 3. Isotopic age data for uranium ore from part of deposits in the Xiangshan ore field
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