ASTER-GDEM数据在大兴安岭北段地貌形态分析中的应用

钱程; 崔天日; 李林川; 陈会军; 秦涛; 陆露

ASTER-GDEM数据在大兴安岭北段地貌形态分析中的应用

1.
沈阳地质矿产研究所, 沈阳 110034
2.
中国地质科学院, 北京 100081

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目"内蒙古1：50000徐地营子等4幅区域地质矿产调查" 12120113054100

详细信息

作者简介:
钱程(1985-), 男, 辽宁省海城市人, 硕士, 主要从事区域地质与新构造研究。E-mail:qch1985123@163.com

中图分类号: P931.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-11-03
- 刊出日期: 2013-06-01

APPLICATION OF ASTER-GDEM DATA IN THE GEOMORPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF NORTHERN GREAT HIGGNAN LING MOUNTAINS

1.
Shengyang Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China
2.
Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 基于ASTER-GDEM数据，利用彩色晕染、密度分割与GIS空间统计分析技术，结合地质资料，通过地形高程（平均高程、最大高程和最小高程）、地势起伏度、典型高程剖面及流域面积-高程积分等手段，对大兴安岭北段的地貌特征进行初步分析。分析结果表明，研究区主体呈现平原（台地）与丘陵地貌，地势相对平缓，呈北北东向延伸展布，存在多期隆升，受到北北东向区域构造控制，且遭受北西向构造活动改造；高程剖面揭示研究区存在多级剥夷面（或面状地貌面），最多可划分5级，且在各段、各坡向上发育特征不一，北北东向构造对地貌演化的控制作用强于近东西向构造，其活动强度上北段明显强于中、南段；面积-高程积分分析表明研究区地貌演化处于壮年期的晚期，山体处于隆升晚期或趋于稳定阶段，但北西向构造活动，形成大量狭长的新生沟谷。
- ASTER-GDEM /
- 流域面积-高程积分 /
- 构造地貌 /
- 大兴安岭北段
Abstract: Based on ASTER-GDEM (30 m) data and geological information, adopting color-dye, density-class and GIS spatial analysis technology, the authors studied geomorphic characteristics of the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains by means of topography-elevation analysis, terrain-section analysis and hypsometric integral. According to the research results, the topographies of the present plain (plateau) and hills in the NNE-trending northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains are the direct result of multi-stage uplifting. The range is strictly controlled by the NNE-trending regional faults activity, and then affected by the NW-trending faults activity. The northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains have developed 5-level denudation-planation surfaces with different elevation, whose characteristics are different in the each area due to different erosion and tectonic activity. The NNE-trending faults activity is more obvious in the northern. The research of Hypsometric integral curve significantly suggests the late mature period of geomorphic evolution in the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains, because of tectonic uplift tending to stability stage, and a large number of long and narrow NW-trending valleys formed for the response of the NW-trending faults activity.
- ASTER-GDEM /
- hypsometric integral /
- northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains /
- geomorphology

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图 1 大兴安岭北段大地构造简图

（根据文献[14]略改）

Figure 1. Tectonic sketch of the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains

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图 2 大兴安岭北段DEM图

1—主要断裂带及编号；2—典型高程剖面位置及编号；F1—二连-贺根山断裂；F2—乌努尔鄂伦春断裂；F3—额尔古纳断裂；F4—德尔布干断裂；F5—大兴安岭主脊断裂；F6—嫩江断裂

Figure 2. DEM image of the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains

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图 3 大兴安岭北段4种高程图

Figure 3. Four types of DEM maps of the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains

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图 4 大兴安岭北段高程剖面图

1—DEM高程线；2—剥夷面（地貌面）位置及编号；3—断裂带位置及编号；F1—二连-贺根山断裂；F2—乌努尔鄂伦春断裂；F3—额尔古纳断裂；F4—德尔布干断裂；F5—大兴安岭主脊断裂；F6—嫩江断裂

Figure 4. Graphs of height profiles of the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains

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图 5 大兴安岭北段面积-高程积分曲线图

a、b、c分别为幼年、壮年、老年阶段；黑实线为研究区流域面积-高程积分曲线

Figure 5. The curve of hypsometric integral in the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains

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表 1 大兴安岭北段高程统计

Table 1. Height statistics of the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains

表 2 大兴安岭北段地势起伏度统计

Table 2. Amplitude statistics of the northern Great Higgnan Ling Mountains

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