青衣江河流沉积与阶地特征及其成因演化

王继龙; 吴中海; 孙玉军; 徐昊; 周春景; 马晓雪

青衣江河流沉积与阶地特征及其成因演化

王继龙^{1, 2, 3,},
吴中海^{2, 3, ,},
孙玉军^{2, 3},
徐昊²,
周春景^{2, 3},
马晓雪^{2, 4}

1.
中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081
3.
国土资源部新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室, 北京 100081
4.
首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120114002101

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160268

国家自然科学基金项目 41571013

国家自然科学基金项目 41171009

详细信息

作者简介:
王继龙(1992-), 男, 硕士研究生, 地质工程专业。E-mail:445803759@qq.com

通讯作者:
吴中海(1974-), 男, 研究员, 主要从事新构造和活动构造研究。E-mail:wzhh4488@sina.com

中图分类号: P546
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- PDF下载量: 46
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-03-07
- 刊出日期: 2016-09-01

THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF QINGYI RIVER'S DEPOSITS AND TERRACES IN WEST SICHUAN, CHINA

WANG Ji-long^{1, 2, 3
,},
WU Zhong-hai^{2, 3
, ,},
SUN Yu-jun^{2, 3},
XU Hao²,
ZHOU Chun-jing^{2, 3},
MA Xiao-xue^{2, 4}

1.
College of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Institude of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100081, China
4.
College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China

摘要

摘要: 在系统整理分析前人成果资料基础上，对龙门山西南部与古青衣江改道相关的名山-邛崃砾石层和丹棱-思濛砾石层的砾石成分、砾度及砾向等统计资料进行分析和总结，讨论了砾石层的物源区、成因、形成时代等特征；结合对青衣江干流阶地最新的调查和测量结果，梳理总结了河流阶地的分布特征、高度、结构、发育程度和年龄等资料数据，并利用卫星遥感图像和数字高程模型（DEM）数据提取构造地貌和水系特征，发现青衣江流域地形是梯级降低的，其穿过的褶皱形成时间应该早于第四纪，并且第四纪时期青衣江形成的阶地是可连续对比的，其中宝兴-芦山段的阶地有过抬升，可能与该区的盲逆冲断层活动有关。依据青衣江流域的阶地特征，对水系演化变迁过程进行综合分析后提出，青衣江改道很可能是由于新构造期间河流多次袭夺造成的，其中龙门山西南段的盲逆冲断层活动引起的局部隆升为袭夺提供了构造条件。
- 青衣江 /
- 河流阶地 /
- 河流袭夺 /
- 新构造 /
- 盲逆断层
Abstract: Based on the analysis of previous research results, we analysed and summaried the gravel composition, gravel particle size and gravel direction of Mingshan-Qionglai and Danling-Simeng gravel layers related to ancient Qingyi River diversion in southwest of Longmenshan. Moreover, we discussed the characteristics of provenance region, origin and formation of the gravel layer. Combining with the latest survey and measurements to trunk stream terrace of Qingyi River, the distribution, height, structure and age of the terrace were sorted and summarized. We also used the satellite remote sensing image and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) to extract tectonic geomorphology and water features, finding that the terrain of Qingyi River basin descends in a cascade manner, the fold passed through it should be earlier than the Quaternary, the terraces of Qingyi River formed in Quaternary can be continuously contrasted, the terrace in Baoxing-Lushan section ever uplifted, that may be caused by the underlying thrust fault. Based on the characteristics of Qingyi River terraces, we made a comprehensive analysis on the system evolution, then put forward that the diversion of the river is caused by the multiple captures of the river, the local uplift at the southwest segment of Longmenshan caused by the blind thrust fault has created good structure conditions.
- Qingyi River /
- river terraces /
- river capture /
- neotectonics /
- blind thrust fault

HTML全文

图 1 研究区位置、主要地质构造及流域分布

F1—F5：大川一双石断裂，大邑断裂，新津一蒲江断裂，龙泉山断裂，鲜水河断裂；B1—B5：石仙山背斜，蒙顶山背斜，熊坡背斜，三苏场背斜，龙泉山背斜；S1—S3：芦山向斜，下里向斜，名山向斜

Figure 1. The main geological structures and watershed distribution in stuty area

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图 2 区域构造及地形地质剖面图(据谭锡斌^[34]修改)

Figure 2. Regional teclonics and topographic geological profile map

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图 3 青衣江流域名邛和丹思砾石层的岩性统计直方图(据崔志强等^[19]修改)

Figure 3. The lithology histogram of Mingqiong and Dansi gravel layer in Qingyijiang River Basin

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图 4 名邛向斜谷地中的古砾石层台地剖面

Figure 4. Old gravel layer platform profile in Mingqiong syncline valley

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图 5 芦山毛家坝青衣江阶地剖面

Figure 5. Terraces profile of Qingyi River at Maojiaba, Lushan

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图 6 雅安黄泥岗青衣江阶地剖面

Figure 6. Terraces profile of Qingyi River at Huangnigang, Yaan

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图 7 雅安田家堡青衣江阶地剖面

Figure 7. Terraces profile of Qingyi River at Tianjiabao, Yaan

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图 8 洪雅阳坪一带的青衣江阶地剖面]

Figure 8. Terrace profile of Qingyi River at Yangping, Hongya

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图 9 现代青衣江的河流阶地位相图

Figure 9. River terrace phase diagram of modern Qingyi River

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图 10 青衣江流域和部分古河道

Figure 10. Qingyi River basin and part of the ancient river

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图 11 推测的青衣江流域河流袭夺模式图

Figure 11. A speculative capture mode sketch of Qingyi River basin

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表 1 研究区更新统砾石层划分^[19]

Table 1. Division of Pleistocene gravel layer in the study area

名称	地理位置	典型阶地	主要岩性
名邛砾石层	名山—邛崃	名山—邛崃一带区域性Ⅲ—Ⅴ级阶地	棕黄色、黄灰色及少量灰-灰白色半固结复成分砾石，顶部为黄灰色网纹黏土层、亚黏土层
丹思砾石层	丹棱—思濛	丹棱—思濛一带区域性Ⅱ—Ⅳ级阶地	棕黄色含细砾砂土、亚砂土层，含棕红色泥质斑块及铁锰质薄膜

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表 2 砾石风化程度统计^[11]

Table 2. Statistics of the degree of weathering of the gravel

地点	未风化(抗风化强)		弱风化		强风化
地点	统计数	众数	统计数	众数	统计数	众数
名山—邛崃砾石层	6~77	34	3~42	9	6~65	35
丹棱—思濛砾石层	0~50	16	8~66	15	7~78	25

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表 3 青衣江流域阶地测年

Table 3. Qingyi River terrace dating

地点	资料中地貌单元	拔河/m	海拔/m	测年方法	年龄/ka	资料来源
阳坪	T₁	3	453	¹⁴C	5	文献[18]
	T₂	23	473	ESR	31±3
	T₃	75	525	ESR	93±10
	T₄	100	550	ESR	129±14
	T₅	125	575	ESR	149±15
	T₆	163	613	ESR	266±30
万古场	T₁		750	ESR	11±1
	T₂		780	ESR	110±12
	T₃		805	ESR	157±15
	T₄		890	ESR	791±60
草坝—万古场	T₁	2	576	ESR	11±1	文献[11]
	T₂	107	681	ESR	110±12
	T₃	232	806	ESR	157±15
	T₄	332	906	ESR	791±60
洪雅县城南阳坪	T₁	3	453	¹⁴C	5
	T₂	75	525	ESR	93±10
	T₃	125	575	ESR	149±15
新店庙子湾—高山坡	T₃		520~650	ESR	157±5	文献[19]
	T₄		750	ESR	382±5
	T₅		830	ESR	719±10
丹棱县唐河乡	T₂		440	ESR	102±5
	T₃		490~500	ESR	143±5
	T₄		525	ESR	213±5
大兴场	T₂			ESR	20±2
大兴场	T₃			ESR	85±5
万古—建山	T₅			ESR	479±10	文献[14]
新店高山坡、庙子湾	T₂			ESR	110±5
	T₃			ESR	157±5
	T₄			ESR	182±5
丹棱唐河乡高大地	T₁			ESR	31
	T₂			ESR	57
	T₃			ESR	93

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