STUDY ON PERMAFROST OF QILIAN MOUNTAINS BASED ON GIS SPATIAL ANALYSIS MODEL
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摘要: 依据祁连山和青藏高原气温、地温、冻土厚度与经纬度以及海拔的经验公式, 通过ArcGIS空间分析, 获得了祁连山地区年均气温、年均地温和冻土厚度的空间分布规律。祁连山多年冻土区年均气温和年均地温分别为-12~-6 ℃和-4~-2 ℃, 多年冻土厚度变化于90~140 m之间。其中, 哈拉湖地区海拔4300 m以上的高山区温度最低、冻土最厚, 年均气温和年均地温分别低于-10 ℃和-4 ℃, 多年冻土厚度大于140 m。结合祁连山烃源岩区域分布特征和木里天然气水合物钻孔的冻土厚度资料, 认为中祁连盆-山构造地貌发育区为天然气水合物成藏最有利区域。Abstract: Based on those empirical formulas of temperature, permafrost thickness, latitude, longitude and altitude in Qilian Mountains and Tibet Plateau, the distribution characteristics of mean annual temperature, mean annual ground temperature and the thickness of permafrost in Qilian Mountains are obtained by ArcGIS spatial analysis model. The results show the average annual temperature and annual mean ground temperature of the permafrost regions in Qilian Mountains are in the range of -12~-6 ℃ and -4 ~-2 ℃ correspondingly, and the thickness of permafrost varies from 90 to 140 meters. The area with elevation above 4300 m around Hala Lake has the lowest temperature and the thickest permafrost. Its average annual temperature and ground temperature are lower than -10 ℃ and -4 ℃ respectively, and permafrost is thicker than 140 m. Combined with the distribution of hydrocarbon source rock and the permafrost thickness of gas hydrate drilling in Qilian Mountains, the middle of Qilian basin-mountain tectonic zone is believed to be the most favorable area for the gas hydrate reservoir.
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Key words:
- permafrost /
- GIS /
- DEM /
- spatial analysis model /
- gas hydrate /
- Qilian Mountains
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图 1 祁连山地貌及冻土类型分布(冻土类型边界据文献[6])
Figure 1. Geomorphology and permafrost type distribution of Qilian Mountains
图 3 祁连山年均气温分布图(单位：℃)
Figure 3. Distribution of mean annual temperature in Qilian Mountains
图 4 祁连山年均地温分布图(单位：℃)
Figure 4. Distribution of mean annual ground temperature in Qilian Mountains
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