铲式断层空间特征研究进展综述

陈亚军; 付广; 包迎春; 胡明; 陈雪晴; 李世朝

铲式断层空间特征研究进展综述

1.
东北石油大学地球科学学院, 黑龙江大庆 163318)
2.
大庆油田有限责任公司, 第一采油厂, 黑龙江大庆 163001

基金项目:

国家重大专项 2016ZX05007-003

东北石油大学青年基金 2013NQ126

详细信息

作者简介:
陈亚军(1990-), 男, 硕士研究生, 地质工程专业。Email:cjun0707@163.com

通讯作者:
付广(1962-), 男, 博士, 教授。E-mail:fuguang2008@126.com

中图分类号: P551
计量
- 文章访问数: 243
- HTML全文浏览量: 124
- PDF下载量: 31
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-02-06
- 刊出日期: 2017-06-01

A REVIEW ON THE RESEARCH PROGRESS OF SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LISTRIC FAULT

1.
School of GeoSciences in Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, 163318, China
2.
Daqing Oil Field company with limited liability, first oil production plant, Heilongjiang, Daqing, 163001, China

摘要

摘要: 受地震资料解释多解性和局限性的影响，沉积盆地中深部地震资料解释品质差，靠地震解释来反映地下断层信息并不能揭露断层空间本质发育特征。鉴于此问题，笔者以脆塑性断裂发育特征、断层折射机理为基础，从断层空间位移量关系、倾斜角剪切法模型、断层面空间联合应力分布等方面对铲式断层空间特征进行研究。综合研究表明：铲式断层面上盘和下盘构成的空间并非楔形模式，而是局部构造紧闭区和局部伸展剥离区交替形态；由断层空间各位移量关系图解可知，铲式断层走向位移量和倾伏向位移量之间的夹角θ越小，走向应力作用越大，引起地层牵引程度就越高，形成的有利储油构造储集厚度就越大；利用倾斜剪切法模型可预测铲式断层实际滑脱深度，加强对中深层构造特征的认识；当铲式断层面折射裂缝被矿脉等充填时具有封堵性，当铲式断层面空间联合应力大于或等于其作用处岩石的抗压强度时，造成断层面处裂隙闭合或断面物质压紧，有利于封堵油气。
- 铲式断层 /
- 断层折射 /
- 倾斜角剪切法 /
- 空间位移量 /
- 联合应力
Abstract: Affected by the multiple solutions and limitations of the seismic data interpretation, seismic data interpretation in sedimentary basin is of poor quality and the fault information from seismic data interpretation can't expose the characteristics of the fault space development. With that in mind, based on the brittle plasticity fault development characteristics and fault refraction mechanism, the listric fault spatial characteristics were studied from the aspects of fault spatial displacement relation, inclination angle shearing method model and fault plane spatial combined stress distribution. The comprehensive study results show that the space formed by the hanging wall and footwall of listric fault isn't in a wedge mode but an alternative mode between local compact structure zone and local extension peeling zone. According to the diagram of the displacement relation of the fault space, the smaller the included angle θ between listric fault strike displacement and dip displacement, the greater the stress along trend, the higher of the traction degree towards the stratum, and the thicker the oil-bearing structure favorable to accumulate oil. Inclined shearing method model can predict the actual slip depth of listric faults, strengthening the consciousness of the structure characteristics of middle and deep structures. Listric fault is closed while it's fault plane refraction crack filled by mineral vein, and when combined stress of listric fault plane space is greater than or equal to its compressive strength affecting on rocks, it will cause the closure of the crack or the material compaction, which is favorable for the seal of oil and gas.
- listric fault /
- fault refraction /
- lnclination angle shearing method /
- spatial displacement /
- combined stress

HTML全文

图 1 脆塑性断裂载荷与变形量关系示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of the relations between the loads and the distortion of the brittle-plasticity fault

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图 2 断层折射示意图^[5]

Figure 2. Diagram of the fault refraction

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图 3 铲式断层发育初期断面形态变化示意图

Figure 3. Sketch map of the morphological changes of the fault plane at the initial stage of the listric fault growth

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图 4 铲式断层逆牵引特征及其断层面力学分解

θ-地层倾角、α-逆牵引角、A-扰曲幅度、G-沉积物重力

Figure 4. Mechanical decomposition of listric fault reversed-drag feature and fault plane

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图 5 铲式断层派生次级断层发育特征及其铲式断层滑脱深度预测图解

Figure 5. Diagram of the development characteristics of the secondary fault derived from the listric fault and the prediction of the detachment depth of the listric fault

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图 6 铲式断层空间各位移及其大小关系示意图

a-铲式断层要素及其空间位移示意图 b-空间位移四边形法则

Figure 6. Diagram of the relation between the spatial displacements of the listric fault and their sizes

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图 7 铲式断层面三度空间联合应力作用图解

Figure 7. Diagram of the three-dimension combined stress of the listric fault plane

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图 8 铲式断层曲率图解

Figure 8. Diagram of the listric fault curvature

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图 9 铲式断层及其次级断层组合油气运聚模式

Figure 9. Oil and gas migration-accumulation model with the combination of the listric fault and its secondary fault

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