TREND PREDICTION RESEARCH OF GEOLOGICAL HAZARD IN THE YANGTZE ECONOMIC ZONE BASED ON GRAY SYSTEM THEORY
-
摘要: 将灰色系统理论引入地质灾害的长期趋势预测中,以长江经济带地区的地质灾害发生趋势为例进行建模和预测,并对预测值的精度进行评价。研究结果表明,GM(1,1)模型可用于预测较大区域地质灾害发生的基本趋势,将灰色系统理论用于地质灾害趋势预测是可行的;预测结果显示未来5年长江经济带地区的年度地质灾害发生数量总体呈波动下降趋势,预计今后2年内可能会有重灾年出现。研究成果可为长江经济带地区的防灾减灾等相关工作提供参考。Abstract: The grey system theory is introduced to the trend prediction research of geological hazard. Modeling and prediction are taken with the case study of the trend of geological hazards in the Yangtze Economic Zone, and the precision is analyzed finally. The result shows that model GM(1, 1) can be used for trend prediction research of geological hazard and the gray system theory are useful. Based on the prediction we know that the annual number of geological hazards presents fluctuant descend tendency and serious disaster year maybe appear in the next 2 years. The results obtained may provide supportable information to the prevention and reduction department in the Yangtze Economic Zone.
-
Key words:
- the Yangtze Economic Zone /
- gray system theory /
- geological hazard /
- trend prediction
-
表 1 长江经济带地区地质灾害情况汇总表
Table 1. Geological hazards in the Yangtze Economic Zone
年份 灾害发生数量/起 死亡失踪人数/人 直接经济损失/108元 2006 85158 376 15.8 2007 23139 432 21.0 2008 15976 399 147.9 2009 8397 381 13.1 2010 20930 583 28.7 2011 13651 125 28.9 2012 9885 265 24.5 2013 7323 378 26.5 2014 9522 243 50.9 2015 7146 165 16.2 合计 201127 3347 373.6 表 2 建模序列
Table 2. Sequence of modeling
年份 序号 原始数据序列 上缘点连线序列 下缘点连线序列 年份 序号 原始数据序列 上缘点连线序列 下缘点连线序列 2006 1 85158 85158 30000 2011 6 13651 20000 7000 2007 2 23139 40000 23139 2012 7 9885 19000 6500 2008 3 15976 30000 15000 2013 8 7323 18000 6000 2009 4 8397 25000 8397 2014 9 9522 17000 5500 2010 5 20930 20930 7500 2015 10 7146 16000 5000 表 3 未来5年地质灾害发生情况区间预测结果
Table 3. Interval prediction results of geological hazards in the next 5 years
年份 预测区间(起/年) 基本预测值(起/年) 2016 6492~11769 9131 2017 6233~10417 8325 2018 5966~9220 7593 2019 5719~8161 6940 2020 5483~7224 6354 表 4 建模序列
Table 4. Sequence of modeling
上限灾变序列 85158 23139 15976 20930 13651 9885 9522 灾变日期序列 1 2 3 5 6 7 9 表 5 各模型预测精度
Table 5. Prediction accuracy of all models
检验序列 上缘点连线序列 下缘连线点序列 灾变日期序列 平均相对误差 0.099 0.032 0.006 表 6 灰色系统理论模型精度检验等级
Table 6. The accuracy test gradation of theoretical grey system model
精度等级 一级 二级 三级 四级 相对误差α 0.01 0.05 0.10 0.20 -
[1] 陈雯, 孙伟, 吴加伟, 等.长江经济带开发与保护空间格局构建及其分析路径[J].地理科学进展, 2015, (11):1388~1397. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLKJ201511007.htmCHEN Wen, SUN Wei, WU Jia-wei, et al. Constructing a spatial pattern of development and protection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its analysis[J]. Progress in Geography, 2015, (11):1388~1397. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLKJ201511007.htm [2] 殷跃平.中国地质灾害减灾战略初步研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2004, (2):4~11. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGDH200402001.htmYIN Yue-ping. Initial study on the hazard-relief strategy of geological hazard in China[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2004, (2):4~11. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGDH200402001.htm [3] 殷跃平, 朱继良, 杨胜元.贵州关岭大寨高速远程滑坡-碎屑流研究[J].工程地质学报, 2010, (4):445~454. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ201004003.htmYIN Yue-ping, ZHU Ji-liang, YANG Sheng-yuan. Investigation of a high speed and long run-out rock slide debris flow at Dazhai in Guanling of Guizhou Province[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2010, (4):445~454. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ201004003.htm [4] 殷跃平, 刘传正, 陈红旗, 等.2013年1月11日云南镇雄赵家沟特大滑坡灾害研究[J].工程地质学报, 2013, (1):6~15. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ201301003.htmYIN Yue-ping, LIU Chuan-zheng, CHEN Hong-qi, et al. Investigation on catastrophic landslide of January 11, 2013 at Zhaojiagou, Zhenxiong county, Yunnan Province[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2013, (1):6~15. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ201301003.htm [5] 国土资源部. 全国地质灾害通报(2006-2015年)[R]. 2015.Ministry of Land and Resources. The geological disasters of China[R]. 2015. [6] 梅年峰, 罗学东, 蒋楠, 等.基坑支护方案灰色多目标决策优选模型的建立与应用[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版, 2013, (5):1982~1987. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNGD201305036.htmMEI Nian-feng, LUO Xue-dong, JIANG Nan, et al.Establishment and application of grey multi-objective decision-making optimization model for foundation pit supporting schemes[J]. Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology, 2013, (5):1982~1987. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNGD201305036.htm [7] 陈佳佳, 陈伟清, 刘国献.GM(1, N)模型在工程建筑物变形分析中的应用[J].广西大学学报:自然科学版, 2012, (1):34~40. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXKZ201201005.htmCHEN Jia-jia, CHEN Wei-qing, LIU Guo-xian. The application of GM (1, N) model to the deformation analysis of buildings[J]. Journal of Guangxi University:Natural Science Editon, 2012, (1):34~40. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXKZ201201005.htm [8] 祝彦知, 程楠.基于灰色马尔可夫模型的区域地下水位动态预报[J].岩土工程学报, 2011, (S1):78~82. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC2011S1014.htmZHU Yan-zhi, CHENG Nan. Dynamic forecast of regional groundwater level based on grey Markov chain model[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, (S1):78~82. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC2011S1014.htm [9] 谭国金, 王龙林, 程永春.基于灰色系统理论的寒冷地区斜拉桥索力状态预测方法[J].吉林大学学报:工学版, 2011, (S2):170~173. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JLGY2011S2035.htmTAN Guo-jin, WANG Long-lin, CHENG Yong-chun. Prediction method for cable tension state of cable-stayed bridges based on grey system theory in cold areas[J]. Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition, 2011, (S2):170~173. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JLGY2011S2035.htm [10] 王朝阳, 许强, 范宣梅, 等.灰色新陈代谢GM(1, 1) 模型在滑坡变形预测中的应用[J].水文地质工程地质, 2009, (2):108~111.WANG Zhao-yang, XU Qiang, FAN Xuan-mei, et al.Application of renewal gray GM(1, 1) model to prediction of landslide deformation with two case studies[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2009, (2):108~111. [11] 刘思峰, 谢乃明.灰色系统理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2013:97~169.LIU Si-feng, XIE Nai-ming.The Grey System theory and its application[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2013:97~169.