滇东北镇雄西部栖霞-茅口组碳酸盐岩地球化学特征及环境意义

潘明; 郝彦珍; 吕勇; 山克强; 苏光样

滇东北镇雄西部栖霞-茅口组碳酸盐岩地球化学特征及环境意义

中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所, 桂林 541004

基金项目:

中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目 2015015

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120114042601

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160061

详细信息

作者简介:
潘明(1985-), 男, 助理研究员, 主要从事区域地质调查和碳酸盐岩方面的研究。E-mail:panming@karst.ac.cn

中图分类号: P595
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-11-08
- 刊出日期: 2017-06-28

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CARBONATE ROCKS IN QIXIA-MAOKOU FORMATION IN WESTERN ZHENXIONG, NORTHEASTERN YUNNAN

Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China

摘要

摘要: 镇雄县安家坝一带中二叠统栖霞组-茅口组地层出露较好，沉积连续。以此剖面为基础，连续采集碳酸盐岩样品42个，根据其显微特征、元素相关性、元素组份含量及相关元素的比值特征，探讨了研究区碳酸盐岩沉积地球化学特征与古环境意义。研究表明（1）样品中CaO与SiO₂、MgO呈现出比较明显的负相关关系，且后两者在岩石中的含量很低，说明样品在沉积和成岩过程中受陆源物质影响或改造的程度较小。（2）通过对元素含量以及相关元素比值的垂向分布特征分析，如Sr/Ba、MgO/CaO和V/V+Ni等，对不同沉积阶段进行了古水深和古氧相等方面的研究，数据表明茅口组沉积环境相比栖霞组具有较明显的差异。
- 碳酸盐岩 /
- 地球化学特征 /
- 古环境 /
- 栖霞组 /
- 茅口组
Abstract: Qixia-Maokou Formation in Middle Permain, in Anjiaba of Zhenxiong County, is well outcropped and continuously deposited. Making this section as the research object, collecting 42 samples of carbonate rocks, based on the microscopic characteristics, the elements correlation, the elements content as well as the ratio characteristics of the related elements, the geochemical characteristics and the paleo environmental significance of the carbonate rocks in the study area were discussed. Some conclusions have been drawn. Firstly there are obvious negative correlations between CaO and SiO₂, MgO in the rock samples, and the contents of the latter two in rocks are rather low, which both indicate that the samples are less affected and transformed by the terrigenous material in the process of deposition and diagenesis. Secondly, based on the analysis of the element contents and the vertical distribution characteristics of the relevant elements ratios, such as Sr/Ba, MgO/CaO and V/V+Ni etc, and the study of the paleo-water depth and the paleo-oxygenation facies in different sedimentary stages, the data show that compared with Qixia Formation, the sedimentary environment of Maokou Formation has obvious difference.
- Carbonate rocks /
- Geochemical characteristics /
- palaeoenvironment /
- Qixia Formation /
- Maokou Formation

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图 1 研究区地理位置图(a)和研究区碳酸盐岩地层分布特征(b)

Figure 1. Location map of study area (a) and distribution characteristics of the carbonate rocks in the study area (b)

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图 2 栖霞组-茅口组地层柱状图

Figure 2. Stratigraphic column of Qixia-Maokou formation

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图 3 碳酸盐岩显微照片(c为正交偏光+锥光, 其余为单偏光)

(a)—第14层, 微泥晶生屑灰岩; (b)—第15层, 燧石结核灰岩; (c)—第19层, 细-粉晶生物屑含硅质灰质白云岩; (d)—第22层, 藻砂屑生物屑灰岩; (e)—第24层, 亮-泥晶棘皮屑蜓屑红藻屑灰岩; (f)—第25层, 有孔虫屑红-绿藻屑灰岩

Figure 3. Hand specimens and photomicrographs of the carbonates with plane polarized light

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图 4 元素相关性及分布情况

Figure 4. The correlation and distribution of the elements

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图 5 常量元素和微量元素分布特征

Figure 5. Variation curves of major elements(%)and trace elements(×10^-6)of carbonate rocks

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表 1 栖霞-茅口组碳酸盐岩主量(%)和微量(×10^-6)分析结果

Table 1. The analysis results of the major elements (%) and trace elements (×10^-6) of the carbonate rocks in Qixia-Maokou formation

样品号	岩性	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	Sr	Ba	V	Ni	Ti	Mg	MgO/CaO	Sr/Ba	Ni/V	V/V+Ni
Y1	泥晶生物屑灰岩	1.29	0.22	54.55	0.53	196.00	5.35	18.30	0.05	40.20	0.32	0.010	36.64	0.00	1.00
Y2	泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.83	0.09	54.99	0.62	304.00	3.11	3.65	0.05	13.70	0.37	0.011	97.75	0.01	0.99
Y3	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.87	0.22	54.54	0.71	284.00	9.45	5.98	0.05	36.20	0.43	0.013	30.05	0.01	0.99
Y4	生物屑微—泥晶灰岩	0.69	0.14	54.96	0.55	383.00	4.40	12.80	0.05	22.10	0.33	0.010	87.05	0.00	1.00
Y5	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.39	0.15	54.72	0.54	776.00	10.80	22.40	8.25	27.00	0.32	0.010	71.85	0.37	0.73
Y6	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.40	0.11	54.75	0.63	631.00	8.17	21.80	7.62	23.00	0.38	0.012	77.23	0.35	0.74
Y7	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.87	0.10	54.54	0.63	1322.00	11.50	12.30	9.43	20.00	0.38	0.012	114.96	0.77	0.57
Y8	亮—泥晶含藻砂屑生物屑灰岩	1.00	0.04	51.47	0.46	528.00	1.38	2.33	9.06	13.50	0.28	0.009	382.61	3.89	0.20
Y9	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	1.59	0.06	54.83	0.38	594.00	1.75	3.98	6.54	6.63	0.23	0.007	339.43	1.64	0.38
Y10	微—泥晶含藻砂屑生物屑灰岩	1.57	0.05	55.00	0.38	347.00	1.39	2.90	0.05	8.20	0.23	0.007	249.64	0.02	0.98
Y11	微—泥晶含藻砂屑生物屑灰岩	0.01	0.04	55.95	0.30	233.00	2.06	1.25	3.45	6.47	0.18	0.005	113.11	2.76	0.27
Y12	泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.28	0.13	52.77	2.48	384.00	2.28	11.80	19.10	32.70	1.49	0.047	168.42	1.62	0.38
Y13	瘤状生物屑微—泥晶灰岩	1.79	0.07	53.98	0.66	543.00	2.02	12.10	16.00	12.90	0.40	0.012	268.81	1.32	0.43
Y14	含硅质含灰质生物屑细—粉晶白云岩	12.66	0.25	49.42	7.97	410.00	7.32	21.10	4.21	63.90	4.78	0.161	56.01	0.20	0.83
Y15	介屑有孔虫屑微—泥晶灰岩	0.78	0.08	55.21	0.49	912.00	2.92	12.10	7.58	19.30	0.29	0.009	312.33	0.63	0.61
Y16	泥晶绿藻屑灰岩	1.27	0.08	54.11	0.74	479.00	1.97	5.40	0.53	12.90	0.44	0.014	243.15	0.10	0.91
Y17	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	1.82	0.05	53.99	0.80	556.00	2.74	19.20	2.24	18.60	0.48	0.015	202.92	0.12	0.90
Y18	泥晶绿藻屑灰岩	1.26	0.07	54.28	0.88	540.00	3.06	13.60	9.48	16.80	0.53	0.016	176.47	0.70	0.59
Y19	介屑(绿)藻屑微—泥晶灰岩	0.60	0.06	54.73	0.74	682.00	3.22	10.80	5.11	11.10	0.44	0.014	211.80	0.47	0.68
Y20	微—隐晶硅质岩或燧石	88.97	0.29	40.38	0.07	174.00	6.70	8.89	4.89	28.20	0.04	0.002	25.97	0.55	0.65
Y21	绿藻屑泥晶灰岩	1.59	0.07	54.39	0.61	760.00	2.68	4.77	8.39	12.70	0.37	0.011	283.58	1.76	0.36
Y22	泥晶绿藻屑灰岩	1.21	0.04	54.41	0.77	710.00	2.47	14.00	8.66	10.60	0.46	0.014	287.45	0.62	0.62
Y23	微—泥晶含藻砂屑生物屑灰岩	1.41	0.04	54.81	0.47	495.00	1.68	5.58	1.42	7.14	0.28	0.009	294.64	0.25	0.80
Y24	微—泥晶藻砂屑生物屑灰岩	1.31	0.03	54.74	0.40	662.00	4.00	5.50	0.05	4.34	0.24	0.007	165.50	0.01	0.99
Y25	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.22	0.05	55.53	0.38	376.00	2.88	20.50	7.59	7.10	0.23	0.007	130.56	0.37	0.73
Y26	微—泥晶生物屑灰岩	1.58	0.09	54.53	0.56	335.00	3.60	8.31	17.20	21.50	0.34	0.010	93.06	2.07	0.33
Y27	微—泥晶含藻砂屑生物屑灰岩	0.86	0.08	54.78	0.68	327.00	3.17	7.85	3.20	22.90	0.41	0.012	103.15	0.41	0.71
Y28	生物屑泥晶灰岩	6.24	0.11	51.13	0.57	324.00	3.58	9.05	13.30	21.40	0.34	0.011	90.50	1.47	0.40
Y29	生物屑泥晶灰岩	0.02	0.03	55.77	0.40	498.00	3.00	3.11	22.30	8.38	0.24	0.007	166.00	7.17	0.12
Y30	生物屑泥晶灰岩	5.50	0.03	52.47	0.42	468.00	2.25	5.72	15.30	5.19	0.25	0.008	208.00	2.67	0.27
Y31	微—泥晶棘皮屑红藻屑含白云质灰岩	0.03	0.03	50.19	2.01	376.00	3.42	5.26	20.50	4.24	1.21	0.040	109.94	3.90	0.20
Y32	亮—泥晶含藻砂屑棘皮屑红藻屑灰岩	0.01	0.02	55.67	0.38	465.00	3.90	2.35	12.40	3.39	0.23	0.007	119.23	5.28	0.16
Y33	亮—泥晶含藻砂屑棘皮屑红藻屑灰岩	0.01	0.03	55.68	0.32	379.00	4.16	0.91	8.68	3.35	0.19	0.006	91.11	9.54	0.09
Y34	亮—泥晶棘皮屑蜓屑红藻屑灰岩	0.01	0.03	55.26	0.31	427.00	4.53	0.83	22.00	8.03	0.19	0.006	94.26	13.51	0.04
Y35	亮—泥晶蜓屑棘皮屑红藻屑灰岩	0.01	0.02	55.83	0.31	395.00	3.94	2.30	12.00	8.53	0.19	0.006	100.25	5.22	0.16
Y36	生物屑泥晶灰岩	0.08	0.07	55.95	0.40	461.00	1.56	2.57	20.40	10.60	0.24	0.007	295.51	7.94	0.11
Y37	微—泥晶红藻屑棘皮屑灰岩	0.12	0.06	55.59	0.46	315.00	2.21	5.81	14.00	10.10	0.28	0.008	142.53	2.41	0.29
Y38	微—泥晶有孔虫屑红—绿藻屑灰岩	0.06	0.07	55.11	0.78	441.00	1.98	10.20	15.50	11.00	0.47	0.014	222.73	1.52	0.40
Y39	泥晶介屑红—绿藻屑灰岩	0.20	0.16	54.81	0.54	1398.00	8.34	29.10	26.20	55.00	0.32	0.010	167.63	0.90	0.53
Y40	亮—泥晶有孔虫屑红—绿藻屑灰岩	0.22	0.05	55.29	0.55	563.00	2.62	2.68	16.60	13.80	0.33	0.010	214.89	6.19	0.14
Y41	红—绿藻屑泥晶生物屑灰岩	0.15	0.13	55.08	0.54	652.00	4.58	31.90	13.50	34.90	0.32	0.010	142.36	0.42	0.70
Y42	亮—泥晶红藻砂屑生物屑灰岩	0.16	0.06	55.70	0.44	520.00	3.07	2.86	21.10	15.20	0.26	0.008	169.38	7.38	0.12

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