GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHERN SEGMENT OF XUEFENG OROGEN: A CASE STUDY OF THE CILI-ANHUAN CORRIDOR
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摘要: 以慈利—安化走廊带为例, 对雪峰造山带北段西部地质构造特征进行了调查研究。研究表明, 雪峰造山带在廊带上可分为北部武陵断弯褶皱带和南部雪峰基底拆离带。武陵断弯褶皱带内主要发育北东东—东西向褶皱和同走向逆断裂, 另有少量北东向和北北西向右行平移断裂、北东东—东西向正断裂; 雪峰基底拆离带发育东西—北东向褶皱和同走向逆断裂、正断裂以及少量北东向平移断裂。武陵断弯褶皱带变形主要受控于板溪群底界面向北的滑脱及其导生的逆冲; 雪峰基底拆离带变形主要受控于切穿冷家溪群褶皱基底的断裂拆离与逆冲, 拆离与逆冲的方向总体由南向北, 但南缘总体逆冲方向指向南, 从而组成背冲构造样式。上述褶皱和断裂形成于武陵运动、加里东运动、印支运动、早燕山运动等挤压事件, 白垩纪伸展事件, 古近纪中晚期区域北东—北北东向挤压以及古近纪末—新近纪初北西向挤压等构造事件, 其中以加里东运动和印支运动形成的褶皱和同走向逆断裂最为重要。雪峰造山带北段与中段—南段一样具背冲构造样式, 但受加里东期近南北向挤压的区域大地构造背景影响, 北段逆冲、增厚和抬升作用的强度与幅度更大。Abstract: Cili-Anhuan corridor was taken as examples for studying the geological structure characteristics of the western part of the northern Xuefeng orogen. It is shown that the northern segment of Xuefeng orogen is composed of the northern Wuling fault-bend fold belt and the southern Xuefeng basement detachment belt. There existed main deformation types such as NEE-EW trending folds and thrust faults in the Wuling fault-bend fold belt with minor NE-NNW trending dextral strike-slip faults and NEE-EW trending normal faults. And there existed EW-NE trending folds, EW-NE trending thrust faults and normal faults with minor NE trending strike-slip faults in the Xuefeng basement detachment belt. The deformations in the Wuling fault-bend fold belt were controlled mainly by the northward detachment of the bottom of the Banxi Group and thrust faults. While the deformations in the Xuefeng basement detachment belt were controlled mainly by the detachment and thrust faults cutting through the Lengjiaxi Group fold-basement, with the direction from north to south in overall and then turning to south at the southern margin. The folds and faults in the northern segment of Xuefeng orogen were formed in the compression events of Wuling Movement, Caledonian Movement, Indosinian Movement and Early Yanshanian Movement, following by the extension in Cretaceous, the NE-NNE direction regional compression during middle-late Paleogene and the NW direction compression during late Paleogene-early Neogene. Among which the folds and thrust faults formed in the Caledonian Movement and Indosinian Movement are the most important. There existed back-thrust structures both in the northern segment and the middle-southern segment of Xuefeng orogen, however there existed stronger thrusting, thickening and uplift in the northern segment controlled by the Caledonian regional S-N compression.
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图 1 雪峰造山带及邻区地质略图(图中线框示本文调查廊带范围)
1—白垩系—古近系；2—上三叠统—侏罗系；3—泥盆系—中三叠统；4—上南华统—志留系；5—下南华统(板溪群)；6—新元古代冷家溪群；7—中生代花岗岩；8—加里东期花岗岩；9—新元古代花岗岩；10—地质界线；11—主要断裂；12—主要逆断裂，齿向示断裂倾向；13—雪峰造山带边界；Ⅰ—武陵断弯褶皱带；Ⅱ—雪峰基底拆离带；CBF—慈利—保靖断裂；HYF—怀化—沅陵断裂；XJF—溆浦—靖县断裂；TAF—通道—安化断裂；CXF—城步—新化断裂
Figure 1. Geological sketch map of Xuefeng tectonic belt and its adjacent areas
图 3 慈利—保靖断裂带北部实测构造剖面
Qh—全新统；O3b—上奥陶统宝塔组；O2-3d+g—中—上奥陶统大湾组与牯牛潭组；O1h—下奥陶统红花园组；Є3-4l—寒武系娄山关组；Є3g—寒武系高台组；Є2q—寒武系清虚洞组；Є2s—寒武系石牌组
Figure 3. Measured tectonic section of the northern Cili-Baojing fault belt
图 5 洞溪坪断裂F19特征(大山里南面)
①—凝灰质粉砂质板岩; ②—泥岩; ③—次级面理; ④—断层泥; K2sh—神皇山组; Nhw—五强溪组
Figure 5. Characteristics of Dongxiping Fault F19
图 6 泥窝潭断裂F21特征(泥窝潭西面)
①—砾岩; ②—具片理化和砾石定显著定向排列的剪切带; ③—粉砂岩､泥质粉砂岩; ④—泥岩; K2l—罗镜滩组
Figure 6. Characteristics of Liwotan Fault F21
图 7 慈利—洞市构造剖面(断裂和褶皱名称同图 2)
CBF—慈利—保靖断裂; HYF—怀化—沅陵断裂; XJF—溆浦—靖县断裂; TAF—通道—安化断裂
Figure 7. Cili-Dongshi tectonic section
图 8 白垩系与五强溪组角度不整合接触
①—粉砂岩；②—砾岩；K1s—石门组；Pt3w—五强溪组
Figure 8. Uncomformity between Cretaceous and Wuqiangxi Formation
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