BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN ACTIVE FAULTS AND SEISMIC ACTIVITIES IN PAN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA REGION
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摘要: 在系统收集整理前人成果资料基础上，结合基础地质和遥感解译，对泛长三角地区的主要活动断裂及其活动性进行了全面梳理和分析，并根据区域主要断裂的活动性与历史地震活动特征，进一步分析指出了该区需要特别关注的潜在震源区和地壳稳定性相对较差的区域。研究结果表明，该区主要发育38条活动性相对显著的活动断裂带，并以北东和北西走向两组活动断裂为主，前者以右旋走滑活动为主，后者以左旋走滑活动为主；其次为近东西走向，活动性较弱。进一步结合历史地震活动信息分析发现，其中的北东/北北东向断裂是区域上主要的控震构造和发震断层，其次是北西向断裂，这两组不同走向断裂带的交汇部位常常是地震发生部位，其中最显著的控震断裂是北东向的郯庐断裂与北西向的无锡-宿迁断裂。Abstract: On the basis of systematically collecting and sorting the data of predecessors' achievements, and combination of basic geology and remote sensing interpretation, we comprehensively analyzed and sorted out the main active faults and their activity in Pan-Yangtze River Delta region. According to the main regional faults and the activity of historical earthquakes, this paper further analyzed, and pointed out the potential focal region that needs special attention and region of relatively poor crustal stability in this area. The research results show that, there are 38 active faults with relatively strong activity, mainly being in the directions of northeast and northwest. The former mainly on right lateral strike slip activity, the later mainly on left lateral strike slip activity. Then east-west faults with poor activity followed. Furthermore, combining the information of historical earthquake activity, we find that the convergence position of the two groups of fault zone with different directions are often the sites of earthquake occurrence. The most prominent controlled earthquake faults are northeast-orientational Tanlu fault and northwest-orientational Wuxi-Suqian fault.
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图 1 研究区位置与地质环境条件
Figure 1. Location and geological environmental conditions of the study area
图 2 泛长三角地区主要活动断裂与地震分布
F1—郯庐断裂；F2-1—陈家堡-小海断裂；F2-2—茅山断裂；F2-3—金坛-南渡断裂；F2-4—江南断裂；F2-5—葛公断裂；F3-1—奉贤-南汇断裂；F3-2—马金-乌镇断裂；F3-3—萧山-球川断裂；F3-4—江山-绍兴断裂；F4-1—镇海-温州断裂；F4-2—丽水-余姚断裂；F5-1—无锡-宿迁断裂；F5-2—南通-嘉宁断裂；F6-1—涡河断裂；F6-2—南京-湖熟断裂；F7-1—颖上-定远断裂；F7-2—肥中断裂；F8-1—青山-晓天断裂；F8-2—梅山-龙河口断裂；F9-1—幕府山-焦山断裂；F9-2—栟茶河断裂；F9-3—昌化-普陀断裂；F10-1—宿北断裂；F10-2—太河-五河断裂；F10-3—临泉-刘府断裂；F10-4—六安-合肥断裂；F10-5—肥西-韩摆渡断裂；F10-6—滁河断裂；F10-7—乌江-罗昌河断裂；F10-8—六合-马鞍山断裂；F10-9—南陵-小丹阳断裂；F10-10—淮阴-响水断裂；F10-11—洪泽-流均沟断裂；F10-12—盐城断裂；F10-13—王老人集断裂；F10-14—固镇-怀远断裂；F10-15—落儿岭-土地岭断裂
(地震资料来源于中国地震台网数据；震源机制来源于文献[35, 37]；断裂资料来源于地质志及地震监测志[1~6])Figure 2. Distributions of the main active faults and earthquakes in the Pan-Yangtze River Delta region
图 3 泛长三角地区1300年以来M≥5.0级地震强度-时间分布图(M-T图)
Figure 3. Intensity-time map of earthquakes with M≥5.0 in Pan-Yangtze River Delta region
表 1 泛长三角地区主要断裂带及其特征一览表
Table 1. Main active faults and their activities in the Pan-Yangtze River Delta region
断裂带名称及编号 断裂
编号断裂基本属性 活动性 最新活动时代 断裂名称 长度/km 走向 运动性质 郯庐断裂带(F1) F1 郯庐断裂 570 NNE 右旋逆冲 强烈 晚更新世 扬州—南京—江南
断裂带(F2)F2-1 陈家堡—小海断裂 100 NE 正断层 弱 全新世 F2-2 茅山断裂 97 NE 右旋走滑 中等 晚更新世 F2-3 金坛—南渡断裂 80 NNE 右旋走滑 中等 晚更新世 F2-4 江南断裂 260 NE 右旋断层 中等 晚更新世 F2-5 葛公断裂 90 NNE 左旋走滑 弱 上海—杭州断裂带(F3) F3-1 奉贤—南汇断裂 150 NE 右旋走滑 弱 早更新世 F3-2 马金—乌镇断裂 弱 F3-3 萧山—球川断裂 164 NE 右旋走滑 弱 中更新世 F3-4 江山—绍兴断裂 380 NE 右旋走滑 弱 晚更新世 镇海—温州断裂带(F4) F4-1 镇海—温州断裂 270 NE 右旋逆冲 弱 中更新世 F4-2 丽水—余姚断裂 325 NE 右旋走滑 弱 晚更新世 苏州—徐州北西向
断裂带(F5)F5-1 无锡—宿迁断裂 300 NE 左旋走滑 中等 F5-2 南通—嘉宁断裂 189 NW 左旋走滑 弱 中更新世 杭州—南京—亳州
断裂带(F6)F6-1 涡河断裂 150 NW 左旋走滑 弱 晚更新世 F6-2 南京—湖熟断裂 NW 左旋走滑 弱 晚更新世 肥中断裂带(F7) F7-1 颖上—定远断裂 160 NWW 左旋走滑 弱 全新世 F7-2 肥中断裂 300 NWW 左旋走滑 弱 全新世 霍山断裂带(F8) F8-1 青山—晓天断裂 NW 左旋走滑 弱 全新世 F8-2 梅山—龙河口断裂 NWW 左旋走滑 弱 近东西向断裂系(F9) F9-1 幕府山—焦山断裂 EW 弱 全新世 F9-2 栟茶河断裂 EW 正断层 弱 全新世 F9-3 昌化—普陀断裂 290 EW 弱 更新世 其他断裂(F10) F10-1 宿北断裂 EW 弱 F10-2 太河—五河断裂 EW 弱 F10-3 临泉—刘府断裂 NWW 弱 F10-4 六安—合肥断裂 EW 弱 F10-5 肥西—韩摆渡断裂 NWW 弱 F10-6 滁河断裂 NE 弱 F10-7 乌江—罗昌河断裂 弱 F10-8 六合—马鞍山断裂 65 NNE 右旋走滑 不明显 更新世 F10-9 南陵—小丹阳断裂 NE 右旋走滑 弱 F10-10 淮阴—响水断裂 214 NE 弱 更新世 F10-11 洪泽—流均沟断裂 230 EW 正断层 弱 更新世 F10-12 盐城断裂 F10-13 王老人集断裂 340 NNE 中等 F10-14 固镇—怀远断裂 F10-15 落儿岭—土地岭断裂 NE 注：断裂资料来源于地质志及地震监测志[1~6] 
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表 2 泛长三角地区5.0级以上地震及其特征一览表
Table 2. Earthquakes with M≥5 and their characteristics in the Pan-Yangtze River Delta region
地震名称 时间 震级 宏观震中 最大烈度 等震线长轴方向 相关断裂 安徽寿县地震 294-07 5½ 安徽寿县 Ⅶ 颍上—定远断裂 江苏徐州地震 925-11-18 5¾ 江苏徐州西北 江苏常州地震 999-10 5½ 江苏常州 Ⅶ 安徽霍山地震 1336-01-20 5¼ 安徽霍山西南 NE 梅山-龙河口断裂和落儿岭-土地岭断裂 安徽六安地震 1425-03-16 5¾ 安徽六安 Ⅶ NE(?) 韩摆渡—肥西断裂西侧 安徽毫州地震 1481-03-18 6.0 安徽毫州 NW 涡河断裂 安徽天长地震 1491-09-23 5.0 安徽天长 江苏苏州地震 1524-03-29 5½ 江苏苏州西 安徽凤阳地震 1525-10-12 5.5 安徽凤阳西北 Ⅶ NW(?) 临泉—刘府断裂 安徽灵璧地震 1537-05-23 5½ 安徽灵璧 Ⅶ 宿北断裂 江苏邳县寨山地震 1546-09-29 5.5 江苏邳县 Ⅶ 安徽巢县地震 1585-03-06 5¾ 安徽巢县南 Ⅶ NE 枞阳—当涂断裂与汤沟一高淳断裂 江苏南通狼山地震 1615-03-01 5.0 江苏南通狼山镇 Ⅵ NW 南通-嘉定断裂 江苏扬州地震 1624-02-10 6.0 江苏扬州苏南 Ⅷ NE 陈家堡—小海断裂或茅东断裂北段(？) 江苏盱眙地震 1642-11-20 5.0 江苏盱眙 Ⅵ 安徽凤阳地震 1644-02-08 5.5 安徽凤阳 Ⅶ 安徽霍山地震 1652-02-10 5.5 安徽霍山 安徽霍山地震 1652-03-23 6.0 霍山东北 Ⅷ NW 梅山—龙河口断裂和落儿岭—土地岭断 安徽庐江地震 1654-02-17 5¼ 安徽庐江东南 安徽合肥地震 1673-03-29 5.0 安徽合肥 Ⅵ 合肥—六安断裂 江苏溧阳地震 1679-12-26 5¼ 江苏溧阳 Ⅶ 江苏仪征地震 1712-12-22 5.0 江苏仪征 江苏昆山南地震 1731-11 5.0 江苏昆山南 Ⅵ 安徽泾县地震 1743-06-30 5.0 江苏泾县 Ⅵ—Ⅶ 江南断裂与青弋江断裂交汇 安徽霍山地震 1770-01-16 5¾ 安徽霍山 NW(?) 安徽凤台地震 1831-09-28 6¼ 安徽凤台 Ⅷ NW 固镇一风台和临泉一刘府断裂交汇 江苏宜兴地震 1839-10-12 5.0 江苏宜兴 Ⅵ 安徽定远地震 1868-10-30 5.5 安徽定远 江苏太湖地震 1872-09-21 5.5 江苏太湖 江苏镇江地震 1913-04-03 5.5 江苏镇江 Ⅶ 安徽霍山地震 1917-01-24 6¼ 安徽霍山 Ⅷ NNE 桐柏-磨子潭断裂与落儿岭-土地岭断裂 安徽霍山地震 1917-02-22 5.5 安徽霍山 江苏镇江地震 1930-01-03 5.5 江苏镇江 Ⅶ 安徽霍山地震 1934-03-18 5.0 安徽霍山 安徽合肥地震 1954-06-17 5½ 安徽合肥 江苏溧阳地震 1974-04-22 5.5 江苏溧阳 Ⅶ NE 茅东断裂或金坛南渡断裂 江苏溧阳地震 1979-07-09 6.0 江苏溧阳 Ⅷ NE 茅东断裂或金坛—南渡断裂 江苏常熟地震 1990-02-10 5.1 江苏太仓 Ⅵ NE 注：地震资料来源于中国地震台网数据
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表 3 地震活动期划分简表
Table 3. Division of seismic activity periods
活动期 地震活动期 起止年份 时间间隔/a 地震次数 最大震级Ms Ⅰ
(1300—1679)平静期
活跃期1300—1480
1481—1679180
1982
165.0
6.0Ⅱ
(1680—2000)平静期
活跃期1680—1803
1804—2000123
1964
135.0
6¼
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