留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

青海格尔木早更新世昆仑河砾岩的发现及其地质意义

赵希涛 胡道功 吴中海 刘琦胜 张耀玲 薛腊梅

赵希涛, 胡道功, 吴中海, 等, 2010. 青海格尔木早更新世昆仑河砾岩的发现及其地质意义. 地质力学学报, 16 (1): 1-10.
引用本文: 赵希涛, 胡道功, 吴中海, 等, 2010. 青海格尔木早更新世昆仑河砾岩的发现及其地质意义. 地质力学学报, 16 (1): 1-10.
ZHAO Xi-tao, HU Dao-gong, WU Zhong-hai, et al., 2010. DISCOVERY OF THE EARLY PLEISTOCENE KUNLUNHE CONGLOMERATE IN GOLMUD OF QINGHAI PROVINCE AND ITS GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Journal of Geomechanics, 16 (1): 1-10.
Citation: ZHAO Xi-tao, HU Dao-gong, WU Zhong-hai, et al., 2010. DISCOVERY OF THE EARLY PLEISTOCENE KUNLUNHE CONGLOMERATE IN GOLMUD OF QINGHAI PROVINCE AND ITS GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Journal of Geomechanics, 16 (1): 1-10.

青海格尔木早更新世昆仑河砾岩的发现及其地质意义

基金项目: 

中国地质调查局项目 1212010711510

详细信息
    作者简介:

    赵希涛(1940-),男,研究员,从事地貌与第四纪地质研究工作。E-mail: xitao_zhao@sina.com

  • 中图分类号: P534

DISCOVERY OF THE EARLY PLEISTOCENE KUNLUNHE CONGLOMERATE IN GOLMUD OF QINGHAI PROVINCE AND ITS GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

  • 摘要: 昆仑河发源于昆仑山,是格尔木河的重要支流之一。前人所报道的新近纪与第四纪地层,主要集中于昆仑山垭口地区,而在昆仑河—格尔木河谷地中,只有中更新世以来的最新地层,从而提出了发生于1.1~0.6 Ma BP间的“昆仑—黄河运动”的概念。然而在昆仑河谷中发现了厚达20 m的钙质胶结的河流相砾石层(昆仑河砾岩),其分布、特征及其与纳赤台沟组、三岔河组和低阶地沉积等上覆地层的不整合接触关系,以及ESR法测定的该砾石层2个钙质胶结物样品的年龄(分别为1 042 ± 104 ka BP与1 269 ± 126 ka BP)均表明,早在距今1.27~1.42 Ma之前昆仑河—格尔木河河谷已经形成,而且已深切到现今的谷底。此后河谷内的多次切割与堆积,不应是构造运动的结果,而可能是冰期与间冰期气候变化所引起的侵蚀与搬运能力变化造成的。同样,昆仑山相对于柴达木盆地的强烈隆升至少应发生于距今1.27~1.42 Ma之前。

     

  • 图  1  纳赤台地区昆仑河谷第四纪地质图

    1-昆仑河及其支流; 2-全新世昆仑河河床、河漫滩与第一级阶地沉积物; 3-晚更新世昆仑河第二、三、四级阶地沉积物; 4-晚更新世昆仑河支流低洪积台地沉积物; 5-中更新世晚期昆仑河第五级阶地沉积物(三岔河组); 6-中更新世晚期昆仑河第五级阶地河(下部)湖(上部)相沉积物(三岔河组); 7-中更新世晚期昆仑河支流高洪积台地沉积物(三岔河组); 8-中更新世早期昆仑河支流洪积丘陵沉积物(纳赤台沟组); 9-早更新世晚期昆仑河埋藏阶地沉积物(昆仑河砾岩); 10-昆仑河谷横剖面位置; 11-砾石岩性成分统计点位置及编号; 12-基岩

    Figure  1.  Quaternary geological map of the Kunlun River valley in the Naij Tal area

    图  2  纳赤台东北5 km处昆仑河砾岩出露剖面

    Figure  2.  Outcrops of the "Kunlunhe congromerate" 5 km northeast of Naij Tal

    图  3  过109国道2 822 km里程碑处昆仑河谷横剖面

    1-三岔河组(Q23al)砂砾石; 2-纳赤台沟组(Q21pl)砂砾石; 3-“昆仑河组” (Q13dl)坡积碎石; 4-“昆仑河砾岩” (Q13al); 5-ESR年龄/ka BP; 6-基岩

    Figure  3.  Profile of the Kunlun River valley at the 2 822 km milestone of No.109 National Highway

    表  1  昆仑河—格尔木河不同地层砾石岩性成分统计表

    Table  1.   Lithological compositions of the gravels from the various horizons in the Kunlun River

    表  2  “昆仑河砾岩”钙质胶结物ESR年龄测定结果

    Table  2.   ESR dates of the Ca-cements from the "Kunlunhe congramerate"

  • [1] 吴锡浩, 钱方. 格尔木河水系河谷地貌[A]. 见: 地质部青藏高原地质文集编委会. 青藏高原地质文集4——第四纪地质·冰川[C]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1982. 71~86. http: //kns. cnki. net/KCMS/detail/detail. aspx?filename=qzdz198201007&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ

    WU Xi-hao, QIAN Fang. Geomorphology of drainage valleys along the Golmud River[A]. In: The Editorial Committee on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Geological Paper, MGMR. Contributions to the geology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 4: Quaternary geology and glaciology[C]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1982. 71~86. http: //kns. cnki. net/KCMS/detail/detail. aspx?filename=qzdz198201007&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ
    [2] 吴锡浩, 钱方, 浦庆余. 东昆仑山第四纪冰川作用[A]. 见: 地质部青藏高原地质文集编委会. 青藏高原地质文集4---第四纪地质·冰川[C]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1982. 1~28.

    WU Xi-hao, QIAN Fang, PU Qing-yu. Quaternary glaciogeology of the eastern Kunlun Mountains[A]. In: The Editorial Committee on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Geological Paper, MGMR. Contributions to the Geology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 4: Quaternary geology and glaciology[C]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1982. 1~28.
    [3] Kuhle M. The problem of a Pleistocene inland glaciation of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1987. 250~315.
    [4] 施雅风, 郑本兴, 李世杰.青藏高原的末次冰期与最大冰期---对Kuhle M的大冰盖假设的否定[J].冰川冻土, 1990, 12(1) : 1~16. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=bcdt199001000&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ

    SHI Ya-feng, ZHENG Ben-xing, LI Shi-jie. Last glaciation and maximum glaciation in Qinghai-XizangPlateau: A controversy to ice sheet hypothesis of Kuhle M[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 1990, 12(1) : 1~16. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=bcdt199001000&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ
    [5] 朱允铸, 钟坚华, 李文生, 等.柴达木盆地新构造运动及盐湖发展变化[M].北京:地质出版社, 1994. 26~27.

    ZHU Yun-zhu, ZHONG Jian-hua, LI Wen-sheng, et al. Neotectonic movement in the Qaidam Basin and development of saline lakes[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1994. 26~27.
    [6] 崔之久, 伍永秋, 刘耕年, 等. 青藏公路昆仑山垭口天然剖面记录[A]. 见: 施雅风, 李吉均, 李炳元. 青藏高原晚新生代隆升与环境变迁[C]. 广州: 广东科技出版社, 1998. 81~114.

    CUI Zhi-jiu, WU Yong-qiu, LIU Geng-nian, et al. The record of natural section at the Kunlun Pass[A]. In: SHI Yafeng, LI Ji-jun, LI Bing-yuan. Uplift and environmental changes of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the Late Cenozoic[C]. Guangzhou: Guangdong Science and Technology Press, 1998. 81~114.
    [7] 崔之久, 伍永秋, 刘耕年, 等.关于"昆仑-黄河运动"[J].中国科学(D辑), 1998, 28(1) : 53~59. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=jdxk199801009&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ

    CUI Zhi-jiu, WU Yong-geng, LIU Geng-nia, et al. On Kunlun-Yellow River tectonic movement[J]. Science in China (Series D), 1998, 41(6) : 592~600. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=jdxk199801009&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ
    [8] 王岸, 王国灿, 向树元.东昆仑山东段北坡河流阶地发育及其与构造隆升的关系[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报, 2003, 28(6) : 675~679. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=dqkx200306014&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ

    WANG An, WANG, Guo-can, XIANG, Shu-yuan. Characteristics of river terraces in north slope of eastern Kunlun Mountains and their relationship with plateau uplift[J]. Earth Science---Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2003, 28(6) : 675~679. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=dqkx200306014&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ
    [9] 赵希涛, 吴中海, 刘琦胜. 第四纪地质[A]. 见: 吴珍汉, 胡道功, 吴中海, 等. 青藏高原中段活动断层及诱发地质灾害[C]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2005. 36~80.

    ZHAO Xi-tao, WU Zhong-hai, LIU Qi-sheng. Quaternary geology[A]. In: WU Zhen-han, HU Dao-gong, WU Zhonghai, et al. On active faults and hazards posed by active faulting in the vicinity of the Golmud-Lasa railway route across the Tibet Plateau[C]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2005. 36~80.
    [10] Owen L A, Finkel R C, Ma H, et al. Late Quaternary landscape evolution in the Kunlun Mountains and Qaidam Basin, northern Tibet: A framework for examining the links between glaciation, lake level changes and alluvial fan formation[J]. Quaternary International, 2006, 154/155: 73~86. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2006.02.008
    [11] 赵希涛, 郑绵平, 李道明.青海格尔木三岔河组年龄测定与昆仑古湖发育[J].第四纪研究, 2009, 29(1) : 89~97. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dsjyj200901010

    ZHAO Xi-tao, ZHENG Mian-ping, LI Dao-ming. Dating of the Sanchahe Formation and development of Paleolake Kunlun in Golmud City, Qingha Province[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2009, 29(1) : 89~97. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dsjyj200901010
    [12] Wang A, Smith J A, Wang G, et al. Late Quaternary river terrace sequences in the eastern Kunlun Range, northern Tibet: A combined record of climatic change and surface uplift[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2009, 34: 532~543. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2008.09.003
    [13] 钱方.青藏高原晚新生代磁性地层研究[J].地质力学学报, 1999, 5(4) : 22~34. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=19990452&journal_id=dzlxxb

    QIAN Fang. Study on magneto-stratigraphy in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau in Late Cenozoic[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 1999, 5(4) : 22~34. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=19990452&journal_id=dzlxxb
    [14] 江万, 莫宣学, 赵崇贺, 等.矿物裂变径迹年龄与青藏高原隆升速率研究[J].地质力学学报, 1998, 4(1) : 13~18. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=19980102&journal_id=dzlxxb

    JIANG Wan, MO Xuan-xue, ZHAO Chong-he, et al. Mineral fission-track dates and research on uplifting velocity of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 1998, 4(1) : 13~18. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=19980102&journal_id=dzlxxb
    [15] 李吉均, 文世宣, 张青松, 等.青藏高原隆起的时代、幅度和形式的探讨[J].中国科学, 1979, (6) : 608~616. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=jaxk197906008&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ

    LI Ji-jun, WEN Shi-xuan, ZHANG Qing-song, et al. A discussion on the period, amplitude and type of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Science in China, 1979, (6) : 608~616. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=jaxk197906008&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ
    [16] 赵希涛. 青藏高原隆起幅度估算方法评述[A]. 见: 中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队. 青藏高原隆起的时代、幅度和形式问题[C]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1981. 167~175.

    ZHAO Xi-tao. An estimation of the uplifting amplitude of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[A]. In: The Comprehensive Scientific Expedition of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China Academy of Science. Studies on the period, amplitude and type of the uplift the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[C]. Beijing: Science Press, 1981. 167~175.
    [17] 赵希涛, 胡道功, 张永双.四川攀枝花昔格达组下伏砾石层成因和时代探讨与古金沙江河谷发育[J].地球学报, 2008, 29(1) : 1~12. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=dqxb200801002&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ

    ZHAO Xi-tao, HU Dao-gong, ZHANG Yong-shuang. An approach to genesis and age of the gravels buried in the Sigeda Formation of Panzhihua City, Sichuan, China, and valley development of the ancient Jinsha River[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2008, 29(1) : 1~12. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=dqxb200801002&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ
  • 加载中
图(3) / 表(2)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  213
  • HTML全文浏览量:  226
  • PDF下载量:  10
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2009-12-20
  • 刊出日期:  2010-03-28

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回