气顶砂岩油藏型储气库运行上限压力和库容量定量评价研究

胡彩云; 李聪; 杨智斌; 贾倩; 孙彦春; 李超锋; 孙军昌; 杨跃辉; 孙东生

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023075

气顶砂岩油藏型储气库运行上限压力和库容量定量评价研究

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023075

胡彩云^1,,
李聪¹,
杨智斌¹,
贾倩¹,
孙彦春¹,
李超锋¹,
孙军昌²,
杨跃辉^{3, 4},
孙东生^{3, 4}

1.
中国石油冀东油田分公司，河北唐山 063000
2.
东北石油大学，河北秦皇岛 066000
3.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081
4.
自然资源部地应力工程技术创新中心，北京 100081

基金项目: 中国石油勘探与生产分公司重点科技攻关项目（2022ZS0903）；国家自然科学基金面上项目 (42174122)

详细信息

作者简介:
胡彩云（1983—），女，硕士，主要从事油气田开发、储气库油气藏分析。Email：174163154@qq.com

中图分类号: TE822
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-16
- 修回日期: 2023-11-22
- 录用日期: 2024-01-08
- 预出版日期: 2024-02-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-28

Quantitative evaluation of maximum operating pressure and storage capacity for gas-top sandstone reservoir-type gas storage

1.
Jidong Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China
2.
Northeast Petroleum University, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei, China
3.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
4.
Engineering Technology Innovation Center of In-situ Stress, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China

Funds: This research is financially supported by the Key Science and Technology Research Project of the China National Petroleum Exploration and Production Corporation (Grant No. 2022ZS0903) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42174122).

摘要

摘要: 提高运行上限压力是增加储气库工作气量最直接、最有效且综合效益最优的方案。通过在矿场井中原位实测得到的最小主应力，对冀东南堡油田1-29气顶砂岩油藏型储气库的运行上限压力和库容量进行了定量评价，研究结果表明：基于最小主应力准则，盖层发生拉张破坏对应的上限压力最低，即根据实测最小主应力确定南堡油田1-29储气库的运行上限压力为27.2 MPa。基于有效库容计算模型，综合考虑气层含水量、残余水和边缘孔隙以及油层的波及系数、气驱液效率和含油空间利用率等因素，将上限压力从原始地层压力22.5 MPa提升到27.2 MPa，储气库的有效库容从15.46×10⁸ m³增加到18.14×10⁸ m³，库容量增加约17.3%，预期可显著提升储气库的经济效益。研究成果对其他地下储气库运行上限压力和库容量定量评价具有一定参考价值。
- 南堡1-29气顶砂岩油藏 /
- 地下储气库 /
- 地应力 /
- 上限压力 /
- 库容
Abstract: Objective The maximum operating pressure for underground gas storage facilities designed for oil and gas reservoirs, both constructed and under construction in China, is currently set at the original formation pressure. There have yet to be successful cases of overpressure operation, which significantly impacts the economic benefits of converting depleted oil and gas reservoirs into underground gas storage facilities. This article aims to evaluate the maximum operating pressure and storage capacity of the Nanpu 1-29 gas storage facility from the perspective of the ultimate bearing capacity of cap layers and faults, with the goal of effectively enhancing the construction benefits of the facility. Methods The evaluation of the maximum operating pressure for the Nanpu 1-29 gas storage facility in eastern Hebei is based on the minimum principal stress measured in situ in the mining wells. Different effective porosity calculation methods are employed to quantitatively evaluate the effective storage capacity of gas and oil reservoirs, as well as the incremental capacity after pressure boosting operation, based on their development differences. Results The evaluation of the maximum operating pressure for the Nanpu 1-29 gas storage facility indicates that the minimum principal stress of the cap layers determined by the in-situ measurements in the mining wells is 34.00 MPa. Based on the tensile failure criteria determined by the minimum principal stress, the maximum operating pressure for the tensile failure of the cap layer is 27.20 MPa. Combined with the maximum safe injection pressure corresponding to shear failure of the cap layer (30.60 MPa) and the maximum safe injection pressure corresponding to unstable slip of the fault (27.60 MPa), the final maximum operating pressure for the Nanpu 1-29 gas storage facility is determined to be 27.20 MPa. Based on the effective storage capacity calculation model, considering factors such as the water content of the gas reservoir, residual water and edge porosity as well as the coefficient of influence, the efficiency of gas-driven fluid, and the utilization rate of oil-containing space, the maximum operating pressure increased from the original formation pressure of 22.50 MPa to 27.20 MPa. The practical storage capacity of the gas storage facility increased from 15.46×10⁸ m³ to 18.14×10⁸ m³, an increase of approximately 17.3%. Conclusion (1) The construction of gas storage facilities can be re-evaluated for the maximum operating pressure based on the minimum principal stress measured in situ in the mining wells, and overpressure design can be conducted under appropriate conditions. (2) Overpressure design can effectively increase storage capacity and improve the economic benefits of reservoir construction. Significance The research results have a certain reference value for the quantitative evaluation of the maximum operating pressure and storage capacity of other underground gas storage facilities, and are expected to significantly improve the economic benefits of overpressure-designed reservoir-type gas storage facilities in China.
- Nanpu 1-29 gas-top sandstone reservoir /
- underground gas storage /
- in-situ stress /
- maximum pressure /
- capacity

HTML全文

图 1 冀东南堡油田1-29区块馆陶组Ⅳ段②层含油气面积构造

注：以NgIV②油层顶面构造为底图

Figure 1. Structural map of the NgIV② oil and gas bearing area in Block 1-29 of Nanpu Oilfield, eastern Hebei

Note: The map is based on the top structure of the NgIV② reservoir.

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图 2 冀东南堡1-29储气库实测井下压力、温度、瞬时流量和累积流量随时间变化曲线

Figure 2. Time-varying curves of downhole pressure, temperature, instantaneous flow rate, and cumulative flow rate measured in Gas Storage 1-29, Nanpu Oilfield, eastern Hebei

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 南堡F1断层地层压力系数与滑移指数模拟关系曲线

Figure 3. Plot showing the simulated relationship between formation pressure coefficient and slip index of NPF1 Fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 冀东南堡油田1-29储气库运行上限压力评价

Table 1. Evaluation results of the maximum operating pressure in Gas Storage 1-29, Nanpu Oilfield, eastern Hebei

动态密封性	破坏类型	评价方法	最大安全注气压力	运行上限压力
	盖层拉张破坏	矿场地应力测试	≤27.2 MPa	27.20 MPa
	盖层剪切破坏	库伦−摩尔准则	≤30.6 MPa
	断层承载能力	断层滑移指数	≤27.6 MPa

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表 2 气层自由气库容量评价结果

Table 2. Evaluation results of free air capacity in gas reservoir

断块	气层原始含气孔隙/×10⁴ m³	气层含水量/ ×10⁴ m³	残余水孔隙/ ×10⁴ m³	侧缘孔隙/ ×10⁴ m³	有效储气孔隙/ ×10⁴ m³	气体波及体积系数		库容/×10⁸ m³
断块	气层原始含气孔隙/×10⁴ m³	气层含水量/ ×10⁴ m³	残余水孔隙/ ×10⁴ m³	侧缘孔隙/ ×10⁴ m³	有效储气孔隙/ ×10⁴ m³	常压22.5 MPa 压力系数1.0	超压27.2 MPa 压力系数1.2	常压22.5 MPa 压力系数1.0	超压27.2 MPa 压力系数1.2
南堡1-29	246.45	32.84	13.36	8.26	224.83	0.00454	0.00387	4.96	5.82
南堡109	121.04	29.70	12.09	7.07	101.88	0.00454	0.00387	2.24	2.63
合计	367.49	62.54	25.45	15.33	326.71	−	−	7.20	8.45

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表 3 油层自由气库容量评价结果

Table 3. Evaluation results of free gas capacity in oil reservoir

断块	油层原始含油孔隙/× 10⁴ m³	波及系数/%	气驱液效率/%	含油空间利用率/%	有效含气孔隙体积/×10⁴ m³	气体波及体积系数		库容/×10⁸ m³
断块	油层原始含油孔隙/× 10⁴ m³	波及系数/%	气驱液效率/%	含油空间利用率/%	有效含气孔隙体积/×10⁴ m³	常压22.5 MPa 压力系数1.0	超压27.2 MPa 压力系数1.2	常压22.5 MPa 压力系数1.0	超压27.2 MPa 压力系数1.2
南堡1-29	261.81	65	71.6	46.54	121.8	0.00454	0.00387	2.68	3.15
南堡109	412.34	65	71.6	46.54	191.9	0.00454	0.00387	4.23	4.96
南堡12-X66	111.31	65	71.6	46.54	61.19	0.00454	0.00387	1.35	1.58
合计	785.45	−	−	−	374.94	−	−	8.26	9.69

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