Evolution of sedimentary environment at the ZKA01 borehole in the north wing of the Yangtze River Delta since late Quaternary
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摘要: 第四纪晚期以来的年代地层框架及海侵问题一直以来都是长江三角洲地区的研究热点。由于长江三角洲地区河道往复摆动、河流下切侵蚀导致地层频繁缺失，目前尚未在该地区同一个钻孔内发现完整的海侵记录。基于长江三角洲北翼东台地区ZKA01钻孔岩石地层、生物地层、古地磁年代学和光释光（OSL）测年研究，对比区域钻孔资料确定了该孔第四纪以来的地层年代框架，发现ZKA01钻孔完整地记录了晚更新世以来长江三角洲地区的5次海侵事件。结果表明，ZKA01孔B/M界线位置在108.00 m处，M/G界线位置为300.25 m处。中、上更新统界线位于第Ⅲ海相层底部，即92.95m处。上更新统与全新统界线置于该钻孔发现的第Ⅰ海相层底部，即16.65m处。晚更新世以来，前3次海侵发生在MIS5（128～74 ka）阶段，其中MIS5.1海侵规模较大，仅次于全新世时期的海侵规模。第4次海侵发生在MIS3阶段（60～24 ka），在深度上和年代上相当于MIS3时期的“第Ⅱ海相层”。第5次海侵发生在MIS1（12 ka至今）阶段，沉积环境为滨岸浅水的浅海环境，该次海侵规模最大。同时发现MIS5阶段初次海侵记录在该地区各钻孔埋深大致相当，该界面可作为长江三角地区的地层划分与对比研究的标志性地层。以上研究成果对于长江三角洲地区第四纪晚期地层划分对比、沉积环境研究分析具有极其重要意义。Abstract: The late Quaternary chronostratigraphic framework and marine transgression have long been research focal points in the Yangtze River Delta. The frequent channel oscillation and river incision in the Yangtze Delta have led to the frequent absence of complete stratigraphic records. Complete marine transgression records have yet to be discovered within the same borehole in this region. Based on lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, paleomagnetic chronology, and OSL dating studies of the ZKA01 borehole in the Dongtai area of the northern wing of the Yangtze River Delta region, the stratigraphic chronology framework since Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS5) was established. The ZKA01 borehole was found to have comprehensively recorded five marine transgression events in the Yangtze Delta region since late Pleistocene. The results indicate that the B/M boundary of the ZKA01 borehole is located at 108 m, and the M/G boundary is at 300.25 m. The boundary between the Middle and Upper Pleistocene is positioned at the bottom of the third marine transgression layer, precisely at 92.95 m. The boundary between the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene boundaries is located at the bottom of the first marine transgression layer discovered in the borehole, precisely at 16.65 m. The first three transgressions occurred during MIS5 (128–74 ka), of which MIS 5.1 had a larger scale, second only to the scale of the transgressions during the Holocene. The fourth transgression occurred during MIS3 (60–24 ka), equivalent in depth and age to the "II marine phase layer" of MIS3. The fifth transgression occurred during MIS1 (12 ka to present), depositing in a nearshore shallow marine environment, with the largest scale observed. Additionally, it was identified that the first transgression layer (MIS5) is approximately equivalent in burial depth across various regional boreholes, serving as a distinctive stratigraphic marker for stratigraphic division and comparative studies in the Yangtze River Delta. These research findings hold significant importance for Quaternary stratigraphic division and comparative analysis of sedimentary environments in the Yangtze River Delta.
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Key words:
- Yangtze River Delta /
- Chronology /
- Stratum /
- Sedimentary environment /
- Microfossils /
- MIS5 /
- Marine transgression
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图 2 ZKA01钻孔岩芯照片及MIS地层单元划分（0~240.00 m）
Figure 2. Photos and stratigraphic columns of the ZKA01 borehole (0–240.00 m)
图 3 ZKA01钻孔岩芯照片（240.00~320.00 m）
Figure 3. Photos and stratigraphic columns of the ZKA01 core (240.00–320.00 m)
图 4 ZKA01钻孔与其南侧ZKA02钻孔古地磁极性柱对比
Figure 4. Palaeomagnetizm columns, stratigraphic division and OSL dating data in the ZKA01 and ZKA02 boreholes
图 5 ZKA01钻孔微体生物随深度分布变化图
Figure 5. The down-core variations of the microorganisms contents in the ZKA01 borehole
图 6 长江三角洲北翼晚第四纪海侵层对比图
Figure 6. Comparison of Late Quaternary Marine transgressions in the north wing of the Yangtze River Delta
表 1 ZKA01钻孔光释光测年数据
Table 1. OSL dating data of the ZKA01 borehole
样品编号 岩性特征 深度/m 等效剂量
/Gy年剂量
Gy/ka含水量/% 年龄/ka 14G−172 粉砂 58.90 140.27±3.83 3.14±0.13 22.3 44.6±2.2 14G−173 粉细砂 88.10 284.63±7.01 3.25±0.13 24.7 87.5±4.1 14G−174 粉砂 133.10 410.73±11.70 3.82±0.15 22.9 107.5±5.3 14G−175 粉细砂 169.90 578.59±1.34 3.43±0.14 16.5 168.7±6.8 
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