The factors influencing the enrichment of organic matters in the Carboniferous source rocks, Ounan depression, eastern Qaidam basin
-
摘要: 柴达木盆地东部地区欧南凹陷是石炭系油气运聚成藏的有利构造单元，具有一定勘探潜力，但对有机质富集机理认识不清导致对优质烃源岩分布的预测缺乏有效指导，制约了油气勘探进程。基于地球化学分析、XRD、SEM等分析测试，对石炭系烃源岩矿物组分、有机质丰度、干酪根类型、热演化程度、形成环境、TOC与主要矿物关系等进行了综合研究，明确了有机质富集的主要影响因素。结果表明：石炭系发育大量“差—中等”级别和少量“好”以上级别泥页岩和碳酸盐岩烃源岩，形成于咸水、干热、弱还原—弱氧化过渡带的海陆交互陆棚沉积环境；分散有机质由海相和陆相混源型生物有机质组成，整体处于“成熟—高成熟阶段”，烃源岩主要残留Ⅲ型干酪根，但抽提的氯仿沥青“A”主要来自于Ⅱ型干酪根；高丰度烃源岩TOC随石英矿物组分增大而升高，富含硅质微体生物化石，高硅烃源岩中硅质证实为生物成因，推测石炭纪硅质生物的参与引起海相生物有机质的富集并极大提高了沉积物初级生产力。研究认识为研究区石炭系优质烃源岩分布预测和下一步油气资源部署提供了依据。Abstract: The Ounan depression is a favorable structural unit for the Carboniferous hydrocarbon migration and accumulation, which demonstrates certain exploration potential. However, the organic matter enrichment mechanism is still unclear, which results in the absence of effective guidance for predicting the distribution of high-quality source rocks and restricts the process of oil and gas exploration. Based on geochemical analysis and XRD, SEM and other tests, the main factors influencing the enrichment of organic matters in Carboniferous source rocks have been identified through a comprehensive investigation into the aspects such as mineral composition, organic matter abundance, kerogen type, thermal evolution degree, formation environment, and the relationship between TOC and primary minerals. The results reveal that shales and carbonate source rocks have been developed in the Carboniferous, a large quantity at poor-medium level and a few at good or above level. They were deposited in the environment of intercontinental shelf with saline-water, arid-hot climate and weak oxidation and reduction. The dispersed organic matters are composed of mixed marine and terrestrial origins, which are overall in a "maturity-high maturity stage". The Carboniferous clastic source rocks are mainly residual type Ⅲ kerogen, but the extracted chloroform bitumen "A" is mainly derived from type Ⅱ kerogen.TOC values increase with the growing of quartz minerals because the high-abundance source rocks are rich in siliceous biological fossils. The SiO2 in the high-SiO2 source rocks has been identified as biogenic, suggesting that the participation of siliceous organisms in the Carboniferous cause the enrichment of marine organic matters and greatly improve the primary productivity of the sediments. This study provide the basis for predicting the distribution of Carboniferous high-quality source rocks and the deployment of oil and gas resources in the study area.
-
Key words:
- biogenic silica /
- organic enrichment /
- high-quality source rock /
- Carboniferous /
- Ounan depression /
- Qaidam basin
-
图 1 柴达木盆地东部区域位置及构造分区
a—柴达木盆地高程图；b—柴东构造纲要图
Figure 1. Location and tectonic division of the eastern Qaidam basin
(a) Elevation map of the Qaidam basin; (b)Structural outline map of the eastern Qaidam basin
图 3 柴东地区欧南凹陷石炭系岩性剖面及生储盖组合(QDD1井)
Figure 3. Carboniferous stratigraphic column and source-reservoir-cap assemblages of the Ounan depression, eastern Qaidam basin (Well QDD1)
图 4 石炭系烃源岩矿物组分
a—XRD全岩矿物含量；b—黏土矿物相对含量
Figure 4. Compositions of the Carboniferous source rocks
(a) Contents of whole rock minerals by XRD analysis; (b) Relative contents of clay-minerals
图 6 石炭系烃源岩氯仿沥青“A”及生烃潜量
Figure 6. Plot of chloroform bitumen "A" and "S1+S2" for the Carboniferous source rocks
图 8 石炭系烃源岩干酪根类型图解
a—Tmax与HI图版；b—OI与HI图版；c—O/C与H/C图版；d—抽提物饱和烃/芳香烃比与非烃及沥青质含量图版
Figure 8. Plots of kerogen types for the Carboniferous source rocks
(a) Plot of Tmax vs. hydrogen index (HI); (b) Plot of oxygen index (OI) vs.hydrogen index (HI); (c)Plot of O/C vs.H/C; (d) Plot of saturated/aromatic component ratios vs.contents of resin and bitumen
图 9 石炭系烃源岩埋深-RO剖面(QDD1井RO数据来源于刘奎等(2020))
Figure 9. Plot of kerogen RO vs. burial depth for the Carboniferous source rocks (RO data of Well QDD1 is from Liu et al., 2020)
图 10 石炭系烃源岩沉积水体盐度环境
Figure 10. Depositional aqueous salinity for the Carboniferous source rocks
图 11 石炭系烃源岩沉积古气候
Figure 11. Depositional paleo-climate for the Carboniferous source rocks
图 12 石炭系烃源岩沉积氧化—还原状态
Figure 12. Depositional redox state for the Carboniferous source rocks
图 13 石炭系烃源岩TOC与石英含量的关系
Figure 13. Plot of TOC vs.quartz mineral for the Carboniferous source rocks
图 14 石炭系烃源岩TOC与黏土矿物关系
Figure 14. Plot of TOC vs.clay-mineral for the Carboniferous source rocks
图 15 石炭系烃源岩TOC与碳酸盐矿物关系
Figure 15. Plot of TOC vs.carbonate-mineral for the Carboniferous source rock
图 16 石炭系泥质烃源岩镜下照片
Qtz—石英；OM—有机质；BSi—生物硅；Kln—高岭石；I/S—伊/蒙混层
a—泥岩，C2zh，柏树沟剖面；b—泥岩，C2k，QDC-1，3580 m；c—泥岩，C2k，石灰沟剖面；d—泥岩，C2k，QDC-1，3580 mFigure 16. Photomicrographs of the Carboniferous source rocks
(a) Mudstone, C2zh, outcrop Baishugou; (b) Mudstone, C2k, Well QDC-1, 3580 m; (c) Mudstone, C2k, outcrop Shihuigou; (d) Mudstone, C2k, Well QDC-1, 3580 m
Qtz-Quartz; OM-Organic matter; BSi-Biogenic sillica; Kln-Kaolinite; I/S-Illite/Smectite mixed clay
图 17 石炭系高SiO2烃源岩样品硅质来源Al-Fe-Mn三角成因判别图解
Figure 17. Al-Fe-Mn ternary plot of the Carboniferous source rocks with high SiO2
图 18 欧南凹陷石炭纪大地构造背景及古地理示意简图
Figure 18. Schematic diagram showing the Carboniferous tectonic setting and paleogeography
表 1 欧南凹陷及周边野外露头和重点钻井石炭系烃源岩样品矿物组分
Table 1. Whole rock mineral compositions of the Carboniferous source rocks by XRD analysis, Ounan depression
序号 样品编号 取样点 岩性 层位 深度/
mXRD全岩矿物组成/% 石英 钾长石 斜长石 方解石 白云石 菱铁矿 黄铁矿 黏土矿物 1 SHG-1 石灰沟 泥岩 C1h — 30.3 — — — — — — 69.7 2 SHG-2 灰岩 C1h — 24.1 — — 51.4 — — — 24.5 3 SHG-3 泥岩 C2k — 40.4 — 1.9 — — — — 57.7 4 SHG-4 页岩 C2k — 16.4 — — — — — — 83.6 5 WGX-1 旺尕秀 页岩 C2k — 44.0 — — — — — — 56.0 6 WGX-2 页岩 C2k — 51.9 — — — — — — 48.1 7 BSG-1 柏树沟 页岩 C2zh — 57.0 — — — — — — 43.0 8 BSG-2 页岩 C2zh — 42.0 — — 54.5 — — — 3.5 9 BSG-3 泥岩 C2zh — 34.2 — — — — — 18.2 47.6 10 BSG-4 灰岩 C2zh — 5.1 — — 94.4 — — — 0.5 11 BSG-5 灰岩 C2k — 3.9 — — 96.0 — — — 0.1 12 BSG-6 灰岩 C2k — 10.2 — — 89.3 — — — 0.5 13 BSG-7 灰岩 C2k — 23.9 — 2.2 52.5 8.3 — — 13.1 14 BSG-8 灰岩 C2zh — 0.8 — — 99.0 — — — 0.2 15 QDC-1 QDC1 泥岩 C2k 3393.80 71.9 — — 2.1 — — — 26.0 16 QDC-2 灰岩 C2k 3395.20 6.0 — — 88.1 4.8 — — 1.1 17 QDC-3 灰岩 C2k 3395.50 20.6 — — 59.1 6.8 — 1.6 11.9 18 QDC-4 泥岩 C2k 3398.80 34.6 — — 21.8 4.3 — 2.8 36.5 19 QDC-5 泥岩 C2k 3400.10 38.2 — — 4.2 2.4 — 2.6 52.6 20 QDC-6 泥岩 C2k 3401.40 35.6 — — — — — 2.6 61.8 21 CY2-1 CY2 泥岩 C2k 657.43 67.4 — — — 8.9 — — 23.7 22 CY2-2 泥岩 C2k 923.90 48.2 — — 16.2 18.2 — — 17.4 23 CY2-3 泥岩 C2k 950.20 50.6 — 2.2 — — 15.6 — 31.6 24 CY2-4 灰岩 C2k 958.50 19.3 — — 21.3 16.1 28.1 — 15.2 25 CY2-5 灰岩 C2k 992.30 7.3 — — 90.5 2.0 — — 0.2 26 CY2-6 泥岩 C2k 1010.40 88.3 — — — 2.7 — — 9.0 27 CY2-7 灰岩 C2k 1031.70 4.4 — — 95.3 — — — 0.3 28 CY2-8 泥岩 C2k 1042.30 45.1 — 2.3 1.7 — — — 50.9 29 CY2-9 灰岩 C1h 2381.40 11.9 2.2 — 35.0 15.3 — — 35.6 30 CY2-10 灰岩 C1h 2388.60 9.2 0.8 — 79.0 — — — 11.0 31 CY2-11 灰岩 C1h 2400.30 1.9 — — 88.6 9.0 — — 0.5 均值 泥页岩 46.8 — 0.3 5.2 1.8 0.9 1.3 42.3 均值 灰岩 10.6 0.2 0.2 74.3 4.5 2.0 0.1 8.2 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 欧南凹陷及周边石炭系烃源岩样品有机地化特征和黏土矿物组分
Table 2. Organic geochemistry characteristics and clay mineral compositions of the Carboniferous source rock samples, Ounan depression
序号 样品编号 岩性 烃源岩测试/% 黏土矿物在全岩中的相对含量/% TOC 氯仿沥青“A” RO 伊/蒙混层 伊利石 高岭石 绿泥石 I/S比 1 SHG-1 泥岩 7.44 0.1900 — 10.46 4.88 54.37 — 25 2 SHG-2 灰岩 0.57 0.0900 1.44 7.35 2.45 14.70 — 25 3 SHG-3 泥岩 12.96 0.5200 — 17.31 3.46 36.93 — 35 4 SHG-4 页岩 6.55 0.1600 — 23.41 9.20 51.00 — 20 5 WGX-1 页岩 17.21 — 1.08 25.76 14.56 15.68 — 25 6 WGX-2 页岩 21.17 — — 12.03 6.25 29.82 — 20 7 BSG-1 页岩 22.73 0.0093 1.36 13.33 6.02 23.65 — 25 8 BSG-2 页岩 0.96 0.0027 1.24 3.50 — — — — 9 BSG-3 泥岩 14.51 0.0142 1.63 23.80 8.09 15.71 — 25 10 BSG-4 灰岩 0.66 0.0014 1.47 0.50 — — — — 11 BSG-5 灰岩 0.09 — — 0.10 — — — — 12 BSG-6 灰岩 0.15 — — 0.50 — — — — 13 BSG-7 灰岩 1.29 — — 5.24 2.75 5.11 — 20 14 BSG-8 灰岩 0.17 — 1.30 0.20 — — — — 15 QDC-1 泥岩 3.00 — 2.55 — — — 26.00 — 16 QDC-2 灰岩 1.45 — — 1.10 — — — — 17 QDC-3 灰岩 1.52 — — 5.36 3.93 1.31 1.31 20 18 QDC-4 泥岩 2.81 — — 15.33 13.51 4.38 3.29 20 19 QDC-5 泥岩 0.73 — — 21.57 18.41 6.31 6.31 20 20 QDC-6 泥岩 1.30 — 2.57 32.75 13.60 8.03 7.42 25 21 CY2-1 泥岩 2.53 — 1.30 7.58 6.64 5.93 3.56 25 22 CY2-2 泥岩 2.06 — 1.37 8.35 4.52 2.78 1.74 20 23 CY2-3 泥岩 16.52 — 1.46 13.27 8.53 9.80 — 20 24 CY2-4 灰岩 0.28 — — 5.02 3.04 7.14 — 15 25 CY2-5 灰岩 0.17 — 1.39 0.20 — — — — 26 CY2-6 泥岩 27.83 — — 3.24 2.70 1.53 1.53 15 27 CY2-7 灰岩 3.40 — 1.52 0.30 — — — — 28 CY2-8 泥岩 8.72 — — 18.32 12.73 13.74 6.11 20 29 CY2-9 灰岩 0.51 — — 5.34 23.14 — 7.12 10 30 CY2-10 灰岩 0.45 — 1.79 2.53 3.96 — 4.51 15 31 CY2-11 灰岩 0.39 — — 0.50 — — — — 均值 泥页岩 9.94 0.15 — 14.7 7.8 16.5 3.3 — 均值 灰岩 0.79 0.05 — 2.5 2.8 2.0 0.9 —
下载: 导出CSV
-
ADACHI M, YAMAMOTO K, SUGISAKI R, 1986. Hydrothermal chert and associated siliceous rocks from the northern Pacific their geological significance as indication od ocean ridge activity[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 47(1-2): 125-148. doi: 10.1016/0037-0738(86)90075-8 CAO J, LIU C L, MA Y S, et al., 2016. Geochemical characteristics and genesis of shale gas for Carboniferous marine-continental transitional facies coal measure strata in Eastern Qaidam Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 23(5): 158-166. (in Chinese with English abstract) FU S T, MA D D, CHEN Y, et al., 2016. New advance of petroleum and gas exploration in Qaidam Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 37(S1): 1-10. (in Chinese with English abstract) FU X G, JIAN W, CHEN W B, et al., 2015. Organic accumulation in lacustrine rift basin: constraints from mineralogical and multiple geochemical proxies[J]. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 104(2): 495-511. doi: 10.1007/s00531-014-1089-3 GROSS D, SACHSENHOFER R F, BECHTEL A, et al., 2015. Organic geochemistry of Mississippian shales (Bowland Shale Formation) in central Britain: implications for depositional environment, source rock and gas shale potential[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 59: 1-21. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.022 HATCH J R, LEVENTHAL J S, 1992. Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone, Wabaunsee County, Kansas, U.S.A. [J]. Chemical Geology, 99(1-3): 65-82. doi: 10.1016/0009-2541(92)90031-Y HESSE R, 1989. Silica diagenesis: origin of inorganic and replacement cherts[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 26(1-3): 253-284. doi: 10.1016/0012-8252(89)90024-X KHAN M Z, FENG Q L, ZHANG K, et al., 2019. Biogenic silica and organic carbon fluxes provide evidence of enhanced marine productivity in the Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian of South China[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 534: 109278. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109278 LI J L, LIU Z Q, XIAO Y J, et al., 2016. Shale gas formation conditions and potential area selection in Carboniferous strata in eastern Qaidam Basin[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 35(2-3): 312-320. (in Chinese with English abstract) LI Y J, SUN Y L, ZHAO Y, et al., 2014. Prospects of Carboniferous shale gas exploitation in the eastern Qaidam basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica-English Edition, 88(2): 620-634. doi: 10.1111/1755-6724.12218 LI Z X, PENG B, MA Y S, et al., 2019. Progress of Carboniferous oil and gas survey in Qaidam Basin[J]. Geological Survey of China, 6(4): 79-87. (in Chinese with English abstract) LIU C L, MA Y S, ZHOU G, et al., 2012. Evidence for the Carboniferous hydrocarbon generation in Qaidam Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 33(6): 925-931. (in Chinese with English abstract) LIU C L, ZHANG X, YANG Y Y, et al., 2016. Carboniferous shale gas system evaluation for the Delingha depression in Qaidam Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 23(5): 135-145. (in Chinese with English abstract) LIU C L, ZHANG Y, YANG C H, et al., 2021. Marine frontier basin petroleum resources assessment: A case study of the Carboniferous of the Delingha Depression, Qaidam Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 28(1): 295-307. (in Chinese with English abstract) LIU G H, ZHAI G Y, ZOU C N, et al., 2019. A comparative discussion of the evidence for biogenic silica in Wufeng-Longmaxi siliceous shale reservoir in the Sichuan basin, China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 109: 70-87. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.06.016 LIU K, LI Z X, SHI X B, et al., 2020. Late Hercynian-Indosinian denudation and uplift history in the eastern Qaidam Basin: constraints from multiple thermometric indicators and sedimentary evidences[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 63(4): 1403-1421. (in Chinese with English abstract) MA L C, JIANG W, XIAO Z X, et al., 2020. Discussion on the depositional timing of the Zhabusagaxiu formation in the eastern Qaidam Basin, China[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 26(6): 961-972. (in Chinese with English abstract) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348540180_Discussion_on_the_depositional_timing_of_the_Zhabusagaxiu_formation_in_the_eastern_Qaidam_Basin_China MA Y S, YIN C M, LIU C L, et al., 2012. The progress of Carboniferous oil and gas investigation and assessment in Qaidam Basin[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 33(2): 135-144. (in Chinese with English abstract) National Energy Administration, 2020. Geochemical method for source rock evaluation: SY/T 5735-2019[S]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press. (in Chinese) NIU Y B, ZHONG J H, DUAN H L, et al., 2010. Relationship between Carboniferous sedimentary facies and source rock in Qaidam Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 28(1): 140-149. (in Chinese with English abstract) PENG B, ZHANG H, YANG S H, et al., 2020. Logging characterization of Carboniferous fractured-vuggy karst reservoirs in the eastern Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 26(6): 923-931. (in Chinese with English abstract) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349073661_Logging_characterization_of_Carboniferous_fractured-vuggy_karst_reservoirs_in_the_eastern_Qaidam_Basin Qinghai Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1991. Regional geology of Qinghai Province[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House. QIN J Z, TENGER, FU X D, 2009. Study of forming condition on marine excellent source rocks and its evaluation[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 31(4): 366-372, 378. (in Chinese with English abstract) REMÍREZ M N, ALGEO T J, 2020. Paleosalinity determination in ancient epicontinental seas: a case study of the T-OAE in the Cleveland Basin (UK)[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 201: 103072. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.103072 ROBINSON S G, SAHOTA J T S, 2000. Rock-magnetic characterization of early, redoxomorphic diagenesis in turbiditic sediments from the Madeira Abyssal Plain[J]. Sedimentology, 47(2): 367-394. SONG Y, LI S F, HU S Z, 2019. Warm-humid paleoclimate control of salinized lacustrine organic-rich shale deposition in the Oligocene Hetaoyuan Formation of the Biyang Depression, East China[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 202: 69-84. doi: 10.1016/j.coal.2018.11.016 SUN J P, CHEN S Y, PENG Y, et al., 2017. Late Carboniferous mountain-basin framework of Northeastern Qaidam area[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 41(4): 10-17. (in Chinese with English abstract) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320064319_Late_Carboniferous_mountain-basin_framework_of_Northeastern_Qaidam_area TISSOT B P, WELTE D H, 1984. Petroleum Formation and Occurrence[M]. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. TRÉGUER P J, DE LA ROCHA C L, 2013. The world ocean silica cycle[J]. Annual Review of Marine Science, 5(1): 477-501. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172346 WANG B, ZHANG G W, LI S Z, et al., 2016. Early Carboniferous paleomagnetic results from the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and their implications[J]. Gondwana Research, 36: 57-64. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2016.04.007 WANG G C, SUN M, GAO S F, et al., 2018. The origin, type and hydrocarbon generation potential of organic matter in a marine-continental transitional facies shale succession (Qaidam Basin, China)[J]. Scientific Reports, 8(1): 6568. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25051-1 WANG L, LI Z X, LIU C L, et al., 2019. The Carboniferous source rock maturity evolution in the Delingha depression in the Qaidam Basin, northwest China[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 25(3): 370-381. (in Chinese with English abstract) WEI W, ALGEO T J, 2020. Elemental proxies for paleosalinity analysis of ancient shales and mudrocks[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 287: 341-366. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2019.06.034 WEI X J, MA Y S, LI Z X, et al., 2018. High-frequency alternations and driving mechanisms of clastic-carbonate successions in the Upper Carboniferous, northern Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography (Chinese Edition), 20(3): 409-422. (in Chinese with English abstract) ZANG J Y, WANG H, LIU J, et al., 2020. The research progress in biogenic silica composition and its impact on silica cycle[J]. Advances in Marine Science, 38(1): 11-20. (in Chinese with English abstract) 曹军, 刘成林, 马寅生, 等, 2016. 柴达木盆地东部石炭系海陆过渡相煤系页岩气地球化学特征及成因[J]. 地学前缘, 23(5): 158-166. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY201605022.htm 付锁堂, 马达德, 陈琰, 等, 2016. 柴达木盆地油气勘探新进展[J]. 石油学报, 37(S1): 1-10. doi: 10.7623/syxb2016S1001 国家能源局, 2020. 烃源岩地球化学评价方法: SY/T 5735-2019[S]. 北京: 石油工业出版社. 李军亮, 柳忠泉, 肖永军, 等, 2016. 柴达木盆地东部地区石炭系泥页岩生烃条件及选区[J]. 地质通报, 35(2-3): 312-320. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD2016Z1013.htm 李宗星, 彭博, 马寅生, 等, 2019. 柴达木盆地石炭系油气调查最新进展[J]. 中国地质调查, 6(4): 79-87. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDC201904011.htm 刘成林, 马寅生, 周刚, 等, 2012. 柴达木盆地石炭系生烃证据[J]. 石油学报, 33(6): 925-931. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201206003.htm 刘成林, 张旭, 杨元元, 等, 2016. 柴达木盆地德令哈坳陷石炭系页岩气系统评价[J]. 地学前缘, 23(5): 135-145. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY201605019.htm 刘成林, 张禹, 杨晟颢, 等, 2021. 海相低勘探程度地区油气资源评价: 以柴达木盆地德令哈坳陷石炭系为例[J]. 地学前缘, 28(1): 295-307. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY202101030.htm 刘奎, 李宗星, 施小斌, 等, 2020. 柴达木盆地东部晚海西-印支期剥蚀量与隆升历史: 多种古温标与沉积学证据的制约[J]. 地球物理学报, 63(4): 1403-1421. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX202004013.htm 马立成, 江万, 肖宙轩, 等, 2020. 柴达木盆地东部扎布萨尕秀组的时代归属讨论[J]. 地质力学学报, 26(6): 961-972. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.06.077 马寅生, 尹成明, 刘成林, 等, 2012. 柴达木盆地石炭系油气资源调查评价进展[J]. 地球学报, 33(2): 135-144. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXB201202002.htm 牛永斌, 钟建华, 段宏亮, 等, 2010. 柴达木盆地石炭系沉积相及其与烃源岩的关系[J]. 沉积学报, 28(1): 140-149. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB201001017.htm 彭博, 张浩, 杨晟颢, 等, 2020. 柴达木盆地东部石炭系古岩溶缝洞单元测井响应[J]. 地质力学学报, 26(6): 923-931. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.06.073 青海省地质矿产局, 1991. 青海省区域地质志[M]. 北京: 地质出版社. 秦建中, 腾格尔, 付小东, 2009. 海相优质烃源层评价与形成条件研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 31(4): 366-372, 378. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2009.04.010 孙娇鹏, 陈世悦, 彭渊, 等, 2017. 柴达木东北部晚石炭世盆山格局研究[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 41(4): 10-17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2017.04.002 王利, 李宗星, 刘成林, 等, 2019. 柴达木盆地德令哈坳陷石炭系烃源岩成熟度演化史[J]. 地质力学学报, 25(3): 370-381. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.034 魏小洁, 马寅生, 李宗星, 等, 2018. 柴达木盆地北缘上石炭统碎屑岩: 碳酸盐岩高频转换过程及驱动机制[J]. 古地理学报, 20(3): 409-422. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDLX201803005.htm 臧家业, 王昊, 刘军, 等, 2020. 生物硅组成及对硅循环影响的研究进展[J]. 海洋科学进展, 38(1): 11-20. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6647.2020.01.002 -
下载:
计量
- 文章访问数: 733
- HTML全文浏览量: 126
- PDF下载量: 50
- 被引次数: 0
