REMOTE SENSING EVIDENCE OF THE SOUTH SEGMENT OF LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE EXTENDING TO SOUTHWEST AND ITS SEISMIC GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

MA Xiao-xue; WU Zhong-hai; LI Jia-cun; ZHOU Chun-jing; LI Kai; WANG Ji-long

Volume 22 Issue 3

Sep. 2016

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Geomechanics > 2016 > 22(3): 548-567

MA Xiao-xue, WU Zhong-hai, LI Jia-cun, et al., 2016. REMOTE SENSING EVIDENCE OF THE SOUTH SEGMENT OF LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE EXTENDING TO SOUTHWEST AND ITS SEISMIC GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Journal of Geomechanics, 22 (3): 548-567.

Citation:

PDF( 2412 KB)

REMOTE SENSING EVIDENCE OF THE SOUTH SEGMENT OF LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE EXTENDING TO SOUTHWEST AND ITS SEISMIC GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

MA Xiao-xue^{1, 2, 3, 4
,},
WU Zhong-hai^{2, 4
,
,},
LI Jia-cun^{1, 3},
ZHOU Chun-jing^{2, 4},
LI Kai^{1, 2, 3, 4},
WANG Ji-long^{2, 4, 5}

1.
College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
2.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Geographic Information System, Beijing 100048, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100081, China
5.
College of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Received: 2016-03-25
Published: 2016-09-01

Abstract

Abstract

Combining remote sensing imagery interpretation of active faults with Landsat ETM, Google Earth and ASTER GDEM image data, this paper analysed the spatial distribution and geometry and motion characteristics of the south section of Longmenshan tectonic belt. The results showed that Longmenshan tectonic belt occurred obvious fracture dispersion in the process of extending to the south. The tectonic zone gradually widened, developing 5 faults and many secondary faults. The southernmost of Longmenshan tectonic zone was stopped by Xianshuihe sinistral strike-slip fault. Activities of Luding fault, Tianquan fault, Lushan fault and Dayi-Mingshan fault are more obvious. The former two are south-extending branches of Beichuan-Yingxiu fault, the latter two are south-extending branches of Anxian-Guanxian fault. The tectonic deformation of south Longmenshan tectonic belt was dispersed to a plurality of secondary faults, resulting in surface activity signs of single fault weaken significantly. So the potential earthquake frequency and intensity of single fault will also be correspondingly smaller, but potential seismic source region will be more dispersed. According to the existing seismic geological data, we should pay attention to the crustal stability and strong earthquake risk in Ya'an and Luding areas in the future.
- Longmenshan tectonic belt,
- remote sensing interpretation,
- active fault,
- potential seismic source region,
- Lushan earthquake

FullText(HTML)

References(45)

References

[1]	邓起东, 陈社发.龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学[J].地震地质, 1994(4):389~403. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ404.013.htm DENG Qi-dong, CHEN She-fa.Tectonics, scismisity and dynamics of Longmenshan Mountains and its adjacent regions[J].Seisoloyg and geology, 1994(4):389~403. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ404.013.htm
[2]	闻学泽, 张培震, 杜方, 等. 2008年汶川8.0级地震发生的历史与现今地震活动背景[J].地球物理学报, 2009, 52(2):444~454. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX200902017.htm WEN Xue-ze, ZHANG Pei-zhen, DU Fang, et al.The background of historical and modern seismic activities of the occurrence of the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan, Sichuan, earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2009, 52(2):444~454. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX200902017.htm
[3]	徐锡伟, 闻学泽, 韩竹军, 等.四川芦山7.0级强震:一次典型的盲逆断层型地震[J].科学通报, 2013, 58(20):1887~1893. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB201320002.htm XU Xi-wei, WEN Xue-ze, HAN Zhu-jun, et al. LushanMs 7.0 earthquake:A blind reserve-fault earthquake[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, 58, (20):1887~1893. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB201320002.htm
[4]	徐锡伟, 陈桂华, 于贵华, 等.芦山地震发震构造及其与汶川地震关系讨论[J].地学前缘, 2013, 20(3):11~20. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY201303002.htm XU Xi-wei, CHEN Gui-hua, YU Gui-hua, et al. Seismogenic structure of Lushan earthquake and its relationship with Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2013, 20(3):11~20. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY201303002.htm
[5]	郑文俊, 郭华, 袁道阳, 等.遥感影像信息在活动断裂研究中的应用[J].高原地震, 2002, 14(2):15~21. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYDZ200202002.htm ZHENG Wen-jun, GUO Hua, YUAN Dao-yang, et al. Application of remote sensing image information in the research of active faults[J]. Earthquake Research in Plateau, 2002, 14(2):15~21. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYDZ200202002.htm
[6]	Molnar P, Tapponnier P. Cenozoic Tectonics of Asia:Effects of a Continental Collision:Features of recent continental tectonics in Asia can be interpreted as results of the India-Eurasia collision[J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 1975, 189(4201):419~426. doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0009-0
[7]	S. Kaya. Tracing the geometry of an active fault using remote sensing and digital elevation model:Ganos segment, North Anatolian Fault zone, Turkey[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2004, 25(19):3843~3855. doi: 10.1080/01431160310001652394
[8]	李家存, 吴中海, 张铎, 等.青海玉树地区主要活动断裂的遥感影像解译及构造活动性[J].地质通报, 2014, 33(4):535~550. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD201404010.htm LI Jia-cun, WU Zhong-hai, ZHANG Duo, et al. Remote sensing image interpretation and tectonic activity study of the main active faults in Yushu area, Qinghai Province[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2014, 33(4):535~550. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD201404010.htm
[9]	马丹, 吴中海, 李家存, 等.川西理塘断裂带的空间展布与第四纪左旋走滑活动的遥感影像标志[J].地质学报, 2014, 88(8):1417~1435. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201408005.htm MA Dan, WU Zhong-hai, LI Jia-cun, et al. Geometric distribution and the quaternary activity of Litang Active Fault zone based on remote sensing[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2014, 88(8):1417~1435. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201408005.htm
[10]	谭锡斌, 徐锡伟, 李元希, 等.龙门山中段中央断裂和前山断裂的晚新生代垂向活动性差异及其构造意义[J].地球物理学报, 2015, 58(1):143~152. doi: 10.6038/cjg20150112 TAN Xi-bin, XU Xi-wei, LI Yuan-xi, et al. Differential Late-Cenozoic vertical motions of the Beichuan-Yingxiu Fault and Jiangyou-Guanxian Fault in the central Longmenshan range and their tectonic implications[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2015, 58(1):143~152. doi: 10.6038/cjg20150112
[11]	李勇, 周荣军, Densmore A L, 等.青藏高原东缘龙门山晚新生代走滑-逆冲作用的地貌标志[J].第四纪研究, 2006, 26(1):40~51. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ200601005.htm LI Yong, ZHOU Rong-jun, Desmore A L, et al. Geomorphic evidence for the Late Cenozoic strike-slipping and thrusting in Longmen Mountain at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2006, 26(1):40~51. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ200601005.htm
[12]	刘树根, 罗志立, 戴苏兰, 等.龙门山冲断带的隆升和川西前陆盆地的沉降[J].地质学报, 1995, 69(3):204~214. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE199503001.htm LIU Shu-gen, LUO Zhi-li, DAI Su-lan, et al. The uplift of the Longmenshan thrust belt and subsidence of the western Sichuan foreland basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 1995, 69(3):204~214. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE199503001.htm
[13]	李勇, 黄润秋, 周荣军, 等.龙门山地震带的地质背景与汶川地震的地表破裂[J].工程地质学报, 2009, 17(1):3~18. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ200901003.htm LI Yong, HUANG Run-qiu, ZHOU Rong-jun, et al. Geological background of Longmenshan seismic belt and surface ruptures in Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2009, 17(1):3~18. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ200901003.htm
[14]	李勇, 孙爱珍.龙门山造山带构造地层学研究[J].地层学杂志, 2000, 24(3):201~206. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DCXZ200003005.htm LI Yong, SUN Ai-zhen. Tectostratigraphy of LongmenshanOrogen[J]. Journal of Stratigraphy, 2000, 24(3):201~206. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DCXZ200003005.htm
[15]	唐荣昌, 立德华.松潘-龙门山地区主要活动断裂带第四纪活动特征[J].中国地震, 1991, (3):64~71. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGZD199103006.htm TANG Rong-chang, LI De-hua. The quaternary activity characteristics of several major active faults in the Songpan-Longmenshan region[J]. Earthquake Research in China, 1991, (3):64~71. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGZD199103006.htm
[16]	刘健, 熊探宇, 赵越, 等.龙门山活动断裂带运动学特征及其构造意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版, 2012, 42(S2):320~330. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ2012S2034.htm LIU Jian, XIONG Tan-yu, ZHAO Yue, et al. Kinematic characteristics Longmenshan active fault zone and its tectonic implication[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2012, 42(S2):320~330. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ2012S2034.htm
[17]	陈国光, 计凤桔, 周荣军, 等.龙门山断裂带晚第四纪活动性分段的初步研究[J].地震地质, 2007, 29(3):657~673. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ200703021.htm CHEN Guo-guang, JI Feng-ju, ZHOU Rong-jun, et al. Primary research of activity segmentation of Longmenshan Fault zone since Late-Quateranary[J]. Seismology and Geology, 2007, 29(3):657~673. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ200703021.htm
[18]	李智武, 刘树根, 陈洪德, 等.龙门山冲断带分段-分带性构造格局及其差异变形特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2008, 35(4):440~454. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDLG200804014.htm LI Zhi-wu, LIU Shu-gen, CHEN Hong-de, et al. Structural segmentation and zonation and differential deformation across and along the Longmen thrust belt, West Sichuan, China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition), 2008, 35(4):440~454. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDLG200804014.htm
[19]	England P, Molnar P. Right-lateral shear and rotation as the explanation for strike-slip faulting in eastern Tibet[J]. Nature, 1990(6262):140.
[20]	Jean-Philippe A, Paul T. Kinematic Model of Active Deformation in Central-Asia[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1993, 20(10):895~898. doi: 10.1029/93GL00128
[21]	Burchfiel B C, Chen Zhiliang, Liu Yupinc, et al. Tectonics of the Longmenshan and adjacent regions, Central China[J]. International Geology Review, 1995, 37(8):661~735. doi: 10.1080/00206819509465424
[22]	Chen Z, Burchfiel B C, Liu Y, et al. Global Positioning System measurements from eastern Tibet and their implications for India/Eurasia intercontinental deformation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, 2000, 105(7):16215~16227.
[23]	LI Yong, Densmore A L, Allen P A, et al. Sedimentary responses to thrusting and strike-slipping of Longmen Shan along eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau and their implication of Cimmerian continents and India/Eurasia collision[J]. ScientiaGeologicaSinica, 2001, 10(4):223~243.
[24]	李勇, 周荣军, Densmore, 等.青藏高原东缘龙门山晚新生代走滑挤压作用的沉积响应[J].沉积学报, 2006, 24(2):153~164. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB200602000.htm LI Yong, ZHOU Rong-jun, Densmore, et al. Sedimentary responses to Late Cenozoic thrusting and strike slipping of Longmenshan along Eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau[J]. ActaSedimentologicaSinica, 2006, 24(2):153~164. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB200602000.htm
[25]	唐文清, 刘宇平, 陈智梁, 等.基于GPS技术的活动断裂监测——以鲜水河、龙门山断裂为例[J].山地学报, 2007, 25(1):103~107. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SDYA200701011.htm TANG Wen-qing, LIU Yu-ping, CHEN Zhi-liang, et al. Monitoring of faults activity based on GPS[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2007, 25(1):103~107. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SDYA200701011.htm
[26]	Burchfiel B C, Royden L H, Hilst R D V D, et al. A geological and geophysical context for the Wenchuan earthquake of 12 May 2008, Sichuan, People's Republic of China[J]. Gsa Today, 2008, 18(18):4~11. http://www.doc88.com/p-370141786962.html
[27]	邓起东.中国活动构造图(1:400万)[M].北京:地震出版社, 2007. DENG Qi-dong. Chinese active tectonic map (1:4000000)[M]. Beijing:Seismological Press, 2007.
[28]	张岳桥, 李海龙.龙门山断裂带西南段晚第四纪活动性调查与分析[J].第四纪研究, 2010, 30(4):699~710. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ201004007.htm ZHANG Yue-qiao, LI Hai-long. Late quaternary active along the SW segment of the Longmenshan fault zone[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2010, 30(4):699~710. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ201004007.htm
[29]	陈立春, 冉勇康, 王虎, 等.芦山地震与龙门山断裂带南段活动性[J].科学通报, 2013(20):1925~1932. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB201320007.htm CHEN Li-chun, RAN Yong-kang, WANG Hu, et al. The Lushan Ms 7.0 earthquake and activity of the southern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, (20):1925~1932. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB201320007.htm
[30]	国家地震局地震研究所.中国主要活动断裂带卫星图像集[M].北京:科学出版社, 1989:65~67.
[31]	吴中海, 张岳桥, 胡道功.新构造、活动构造与地震地质[J].地质通报, 2014, 33(4):391~402. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD201404001.htm WU Zhong-hai, ZHANG Yue-qiao, HU Dao-gong.Neotectonics, active tectonics and earthquake geology[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2014, 33(4):391~402. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD201404001.htm
[32]	谢广林, 蒋蔺珍, 朱源明, 等.活动断裂的影象标志[J].地震, 1982, (3):23~26. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DIZN198203008.htm XIE Guang-lin, JIANG Lin-zhen, ZHU Yuan-ming, et al.The image mark of active faults[J]. Earthquake, 1982, (3):23~26. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DIZN198203008.htm
[33]	蒋蔺珍.活动断裂垂直错动的影象标志[J].华南地震, 1985, (4):12~19. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNDI198504001.htm JIANG Lin-zhen.The image mark of the vertical dislocation of active fault[J].South China Journal of Seismology, 1985, (4):12~19. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNDI198504001.htm
[34]	丁国瑜.活动走滑断裂带的断错水系与地震[J].地震, 1982, (1):3~8. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DIZN198201000.htm DING Guo-yu. Faulted river system and earthquake of active strike slip fault zone[J]. Earthquake, 1982, (1):3~8. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DIZN198201000.htm
[35]	张岳桥, 董树文, 侯春堂, 等.四川芦山2013年Ms7.0地震发震构造初步研究[J].地质学报, 2013, 87(6):747~758. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201306001.htm ZHANG Yue-qiao, DONG Shu-wen, HOU Chun-tang, et al. Preliminary study on the seismotectonics of the 2013 Lushan Ms7.0 earthquake, West Sichuan[J]. ActaGeologicaSinica, 2013, 87(6):747~758. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201306001.htm
[36]	李传友, 徐锡伟, 甘卫军, 等.四川省芦山7.0地震发震构造分析[J].地震地质, 2013, 35(3):671~683. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ201303020.htm LI Chuan-you, XU Xi-wei, GAN Wei-jun, et al. Seismogenic structures associated with the 20 April 2013 Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquake, Sichuan province[J]. Seismology and Geology, 2013, 35(3):671~683. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ201303020.htm
[37]	李勇, 周荣军, 赵国华, 等.龙门山前缘的芦山地震与逆冲-滑脱褶皱作用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2013, 40(4):353~363. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDLG201304002.htm LI Yong, ZHOU Rong-jun, ZHAO Guo-hua, et al. Thrusting and detachment folding of Lushan earthquake in front of Longmenshan mountains[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of technology, 2013, 40(4):353~363. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDLG201304002.htm
[38]	董绍鹏, 韩竹军, 尹金辉, 等.龙门山山前大邑断裂活动时代与最新构造变形样式初步研究[J].地震地质, 2008, 30(4):996~1003. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ200804018.htm
[39]	杨晓平, 邓忠文.龙门山断裂带南段错断晚更新世以来地层的证据[J].地震地质, 1999, 21(4):341~345. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ199904006.htm YANG Xiao-ping, DENG Zhong-wen, et al. The evidence of the south Longmenshan fault zones cutting Late Quaternary stratum[J]. Seismology and Geology, 1999, 21(4):341~345. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ199904006.htm
[40]	唐文清, 陈智梁, 刘宇平, 等.青藏高原东缘鲜水河断裂与龙门山断裂交会区现今的构造活动[J].地质通报, 2005, 24(12):1169~1172. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2005.12.013 TANG Wen-qing, CHEN Zhi-liang, LIU Yu-ping, et al. Present-day tectonics activity in the intersection area of the Xianshuihe fault and Longmenshan fault on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2005, 24(12):1169~1172. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2005.12.013
[41]	刘峡, 孙东颖, 马瑾, 等. GPS结果揭示的龙门山断裂带现今形变与受力——与川滇地区其他断裂带的对比研究[J].地球物理学报, 2014(4):1091~1100. doi: 10.6038/cjg20140407 LIU Xia, SUN Dong-ying, MA Jin, et al. Present-day deformation and stress state of Longmenshan fault from GPS results-comparative research on active faults in Sichuan-Yunnan region[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014(4):1091~1100. doi: 10.6038/cjg20140407
[42]	赵炜喆, 吴忠良, 蒋长胜, 等.用地震资料估计的龙门山断裂深部形变及其对于汶川地震成因的意义[J].地质学报, 2008, 82(12):1778~1787. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2008.12.013 ZHAO Yi-zhe, WU Zhong-liang, JIANG Chang-sheng, et al. Present deep deformation along the Longmenshanfault by seismic dataand implications for the tectonic context of the Wenchuanearthquake[J]. ActaGeologicaSinica, 2008, 82(12):1778~1787. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2008.12.013
[43]	石绍先, 曹刻, 和宏伟, 等.川滇地区成组强震活动的基本特征[J].地震研究, 2003, 26(增刊):55~61. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ2003S1008.htm SHI Shao-xian, CAO Ke, HE Hong-wei, et al. The basic features of seismicity of grouped strong earthquakes in Sichuan-Yunnan region[J]. Journal of Seismological Research, 2003, 26(Sup.):55~61. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ2003S1008.htm
[44]	孟文, 陈群策, 吴满路, 等.龙门山断裂带现今构造应力场特征及分段性研究[J].地球物理学进展, 2013, 28(3):1150~1160. doi: 10.6038/pg20130306 MENG Wen, CHEN Qun-ce, WU Man-lu, et al. Research on segmentation and characteristic of tectonic stress field of Longmenshan fault zone[J]. Progress in Geophys, 2013, 28(3):1150~1160. doi: 10.6038/pg20130306
[45]	安其美, 丁立丰, 王海忠, 等.龙门山断裂带的性质与活动性研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学, 2004, 24(2):115~119. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKXB200402020.htm AN Qi-mei, DING Li-feng, WANG Hai-zhong, et al. Research of property and activity of Longmen Mountain fault zone[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2004, 24(2):115~119. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKXB200402020.htm