Volume 31 Issue 5
Oct.  2025
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CHEN X S，KUANG H W，LIU Y Q，et al.，2025. Research progresses on glacial erosion and Neoproterozoic glacial erosion forms[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，31（5）：1083−1108 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025141
Citation: CHEN X S，KUANG H W，LIU Y Q，et al.，2025. Research progresses on glacial erosion and Neoproterozoic glacial erosion forms[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，31（5）：1083−1108 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025141
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Research progresses on glacial erosion and Neoproterozoic glacial erosion forms

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025141
  • 1.

    National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China

  • 2.

    Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

  • 3.

    College of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China

Funds:  This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 42472150, 42302123 and 42072135), and the Fundamental Research Fund of CAGS (Grant No. JKYQN202421).
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  • Author Bio:

    陈骁帅，国家地质实验测试中心助理研究员。在中国地质科学院地质研究所获博士学位，学习期间在奥地利维也纳大学开展冰川沉积学研究联合培养。曾在中国地质科学院地质研究所从事博士后研究工作，目前主要研究方向为前寒武纪沉积学、地层学与沉积地球化学。已发表论文46篇，其中第一作者论文7篇。获程裕淇优秀研究生奖，现任中国矿物岩石地球化学学会岩相古地理专业委员会副秘书长

  • Corresponding author: 旷红伟，中国地质科学院地质研究所教授，博士生导师，主要从事沉积学、前寒武纪地层学与事件地质、油气地质研究。主持国家自然科学基金、科技部重点研发计划课题等。在Geology、GSAB、GPC、PR、《中国科学》国内外期刊发表论文200余篇，其中第一或通讯作者论文112篇。目前担任国际古地理学会创始会员、理事，中国古生物学会生物沉积学分会理事，中国地质学会沉积地质专业委员会委员，中国矿物岩石地球化学学会沉积学专业委员会委员，Journal of Palaeogeography学术委员，《古地理学报》副主编，《沉积学报》《岩石矿物学杂志》编委。
  • Received: 2025-09-24
  • Revised: 2025-10-26
  • Accepted: 2025-10-27
    • Available Online: 2025-10-31
  • Published: 2025-10-28
    Abstract
  •   Objective  Glacial erosion forms serve as crucial bases for reconstructing the laws of glacial movement and transport-deposition processes in geological history. They are the most explicit diagnostic indicators of glacial thermal regimes and important tools for reconstructing the scale, morphology, dynamics, and evolutionary history of ancient ice sheets. After centuries of development, an internationally recognized classification system of glacial erosion mechanisms and forms has emerged, providing significant references for research on deep-time glaciation. Late Neoproterozoic glacial events have become a heated topic in international geoscience in recent years; however, there has been little systematic introduction to glacial erosion processes and the subglacial erosional forms associated with these events.   Methods  This study summarizes the current research status and previous achievements and combines them with our personal research experience. It categorizes the multi-scale glacial erosional forms created by glaciers (via abrasion, quarrying, and meltwater erosion) on the bedrock beneath the Ediacaran Luoquan Formation (southern North China Craton) and the Cryogenian Yuermeinak Formation (northwestern Tarim Craton).   Results  These forms are categorized into three scales: (1) striations, nailhead striae, crescentic gouges and fractures, and plastically moulded forms (microscale); (2) roche moutonnées, grooves, and ridges (mesoscale); and (3) giant glacial pavements (macroscale). Additionally, the study analyzes and discusses the significance of these forms in understanding the laws of glacial movement. Studies have shown that the heads of nailhead striae and the convex surfaces of the crescentic gouges indicate the ice flow direction, while the convex surfaces of chatter marks and crescentic fractures face away from the ice flow direction. For plastically moulded forms (p-forms) represented by Muschelbruch, the ice mass flows from the sharp convex edge to the transitional edge. The stoss side of roche moutonnée forms an acute angle with the bedrock, and the lee side is characterized by an abrupt fracture surface nearly perpendicular to the bedrock.   Conclusion  Glacial erosional forms are the most direct reflection of glacial thermal regimes and kinematic characteristics. Compared with the Yuermeinak Formation, the glacial erosion forms of the Luoquan Formation are more extensively developed and more diverse. This may be attributed to the gradually intensifying temperate glacial thermal regime from the Cryogenian to the Ediacaran, responding to the special tectonic setting during the final breakup of Rodinia and the gradual assembly of Gondwana. [ Significance ] Spatial analysis and qualitative and quantitative research on late Neoproterozoic glacial erosion forms, as well as comparison with Paleozoic glacial erosional forms, can provide key evidence for addressing critical scientific issues, such as the reconstruction of glacial paleogeography.

     

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