Geochemistry of pyrite and its implications for exploration of the Jiuzhanggou gold deposit in western Henan

SI Jiantao; BAI Desheng; ZHAO Zhiqiang; LIANG Zhen; YANG Jingnan; LIU Jianping; DING Tao; Ahmad Osama

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023140

Volume 31 Issue 1

Feb. 2025

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Article Navigation > Journal of Geomechanics > 2025 > 31(1): 61-79

LI Long, GAO De-zhen, ZHANG Wei-jie, et al., 2000. DEFORMATION OF ARCHAEAN WULASHAN GROUP IN GUYANG REGION OF INNER MONGOLIA. Journal of Geomechanics, 6 (4): 67-72.

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SI J T，BAI D S，ZHAO Z Q，et al.，2025. Geochemistry of pyrite and its implications for exploration of the Jiuzhanggou gold deposit in western Henan[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，31（1）：61−79 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023140

LI Long, GAO De-zhen, ZHANG Wei-jie, et al., 2000. DEFORMATION OF ARCHAEAN WULASHAN GROUP IN GUYANG REGION OF INNER MONGOLIA. Journal of Geomechanics, 6 (4): 67-72.

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Geochemistry of pyrite and its implications for exploration of the Jiuzhanggou gold deposit in western Henan

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023140

1.
Henan No.2 Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Survey Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China

Funds: This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41872091).

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Abstract

Abstract

Objective Pyrite is a common auriferous mineral in gold deposits. Its mineral geochemistry not only plays a significant role in elucidating ore genesis, but also provides important information for the exploration of deposits. The Jiuzhanggou gold deposit in western Henan Province is a gold deposit typical of tectonically altered rocks in the Xiong'ershan gold ore cluster, and it is an ideal deposit to study the genetic indications and prospecting signs of pyrite in gold deposits. Methods In this study, the tectonically altered zones of the Jiuzhanggou gold deposit were investigated, and 8 samples of tectonically altered rocks were collected over a vertical depth of 280 m, from +260 m to −20 m. Electron microprobe and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of pyrite from the altered rocks were carried out, and the characteristics and variations of the element contents in pyrite of differently altered zones were obtained, revealing the indications of pyrite for ore genesis and prospection at greater depth. Results The interval between the +260 m and −20 m levels of the Jiuzhanggou gold deposit can be divided into four altered zones. Microscopic observation of the altered rocks shows that pyrite was formed during the metallogenic period. Given its Fe and S contents, most of the pyrite is sulfur-depleted. Cluster analysis shows that Au, Cu, As, Sb, Zn, Ag, Te, Se and Pb in pyrite belong to a group of hypothermal-mesothermal elements. Conclusion The Co/Ni ratio (1～10) and the Co-Ni-As diagram indicate a magmatic hydrothermal origin of pyrite. The Au in pyrite is positively correlated with Cu, As, Sb, Zn, Ag, Te, and Pb. The contents of these elements gradually decrease in the 1^st～3^rd altered zones, but increase in the 4^th zone. It is speculated that the 1^st～3^rd altered zones are the product of the same hydrothermal mineralization activity, while the 4^th altered zone is the product of another hydrothermal mineralization activity. According to the vertical extent of the 1^st～3^rd altered zones, it is speculated that the 4^th altered zone may reach −60 meters. At least one level (40 m) can be explored at depth, which has a good prospecting potential. Significance The contents of Au, Cu, As, Sb, Zn, Ag, Te, Se, and Pb and the ratios of Au/As, Au/Ag, and Co/Ni in pyrite reflect the vertical mineralization zoning. These trace elements in pyrite are essential markers for prospecting targets in the deeper parts of gold deposits.
- pyrite,
- trace elements,
- metallogenetic prediction,
- Jiuzhanggou gold deposit,
- western Henan

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