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构造动力成岩成矿和构造物理化学研究

吕古贤

吕古贤, 2019. 构造动力成岩成矿和构造物理化学研究. 地质力学学报, 25 (5): 962-980. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.05.079
引用本文: 吕古贤, 2019. 构造动力成岩成矿和构造物理化学研究. 地质力学学报, 25 (5): 962-980. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.05.079
LYU Guxian, 2019. RESEARCH ON TECTONIC DYNAMO-PETROGENESIS AND METALLOGENESIS AND TECTONOPHYSICOCHEMISTRY. Journal of Geomechanics, 25 (5): 962-980. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.05.079
Citation: LYU Guxian, 2019. RESEARCH ON TECTONIC DYNAMO-PETROGENESIS AND METALLOGENESIS AND TECTONOPHYSICOCHEMISTRY. Journal of Geomechanics, 25 (5): 962-980. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.05.079

构造动力成岩成矿和构造物理化学研究

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.05.079
基金项目: 

国土资源部科技发展计划项目 2002201

国家计委科技找矿项目 JG947110

国家科委基础研究特别支持项目 GJ94-83

地质调查项目 20023046

国家攀登项目 G1999043214

国家攀登项目 95-39(预)-6-3

详细信息
    作者简介:

    吕古贤(1949-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 博士生导师, 主要从事区域成矿、地质力学和矿产预测研究。E-mail:lvguxian@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P611

RESEARCH ON TECTONIC DYNAMO-PETROGENESIS AND METALLOGENESIS AND TECTONOPHYSICOCHEMISTRY

  • 摘要: 动力成岩成矿"的理论是地质力学构造控岩控矿研究方面的重要进展,是上世纪70-80年代初,在构造地球化学领域关于应力矿物、岩石变形-变质关系、构造控矿等研究基础上提出的。应用动力成岩成矿载体的"构造岩相带",在新疆沙尔托海铬铁矿开展深部找矿取得重大突破。后续研究,从"动力成岩成矿"阶段,发展到现今的"构造物理化学"阶段。基于固体力学原理,研究认为变形岩石由偏应力场引起,偏应力场可分为差应力状态和各向等正应力状态两个部分,后者被命名为"构造附加静水压力"。"构造附加静水压力"不仅能引起岩石体积变化,也能影响其中化学平衡,是一个物理化学变量。结合胶东金矿的长期研究发现,元素地球化学分布是化学平衡的结果,物理化学环境才是化学作用的原因,提出"构造力改变压力温度等条件影响化学平衡"的认识。创建"成矿深度构造校正"方法,预测胶东金矿深部"第二富集带"得到证实,促进胶东从危机矿山重灾区转而成为全球第三大金矿区。经过40多年的理论研究、地质调查和找矿实践,构造物理化学取得显著进展,1996年地质力学专业委员会设立"构造物理化学专业学组"。2018年,中国地球物理学会成立"构造物理化学专业委员会"。

     

  • 图  1  褶皱中物质重新调整方式[7]

    Figure  1.  Readjustment of materials in folds[7]

    图  2  流动结晶物质在张裂隙面内集中方式

    Figure  2.  The concentration mode of flowing crystalline materials in the tensile fracture surface

    图  3  张扭性破裂面内矿物动力结晶分异方式

    Figure  3.  Dynamic crystallization differentiation of minerals in tensile torsional fracture surface

    图  4  不同构造岩相带岩石矿物的变化图

    霏细斑岩(上)及斜长玢岩(下)的斜长石牌号An(%)(A)变化及暗色矿物含量(%)(B)变化;横坐标为取样点及样品编号

    Figure  4.  Variation of rock minerals in different tectonic facies zones

    图  5  斜长玢岩Ⅲ-Ⅲ′剖面化学成分变化图

    Figure  5.  Chemical composition variation of Ⅲ-Ⅲ′ profile in plagiophyre

    图  6  地壳中任意点的应力状态分解示意图

    σ1, σ2, σ3, 为三维主应力;p, pG, 和ps依次为三类各向等正应力-总静水压力,重力附加静水压力和构造附加静水压力;σ’是差应力,σGXσX分别为重力和构造力产生的差应力;图中虚点圆表示各向等正应力,即静水压力部分。

    Figure  6.  Schematic diagram of stress state decomposition at arbitrary point in the crust

    图  7  重力叠加水平力形成的三轴应力摩尔圆

    Figure  7.  Moore's circle of triaxial stress caused by the superposition of horizontal forces and gravity

    图  8  构造附加静压力在不同的构造带中分布的模拟结果

    Figure  8.  Simulation results of the distribution of additional structural static pressures in different tectonic zones

    图  9  不同的构造带构造附加静压力分布[13]

    Figure  9.  The distribution of additional structural static pressures in different tectonic zones[13]

    图  10  焦家金矿112勘探剖面及其勘探构造应力分布

    a—焦家金矿Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ号矿体古差应力分布;b—焦家金矿112勘探线剖面地质图①—胶东群斜长角闪岩;②—绢英岩化斜长角闪岩;③—黄铁绢英岩;④—硅化花岗岩;红化(钾化)花岗岩;⑤—花岗岩;1—焦家断层;2—岩性界线;3—绢英岩矿体及编号;4—黄铁矿石英脉矿体及编号

    Figure  10.  Exploration section 112 of Jiaojia gold mine and the distribution of exploration tectonic stress

    表  1  玲珑-焦家式金矿床成矿模式图

    Table  1.   The metallogenic model of the Linglong-Jiaojia gold deposit

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  • 收稿日期:  2019-09-16
  • 修回日期:  2019-09-30
  • 刊出日期:  2019-10-28

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