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降雨条件下顺倾向煤系地层边坡稳定性的影响研究

李宏儒 张盼 王神尼 赵华鹏

李宏儒, 张盼, 王神尼, 等, 2018. 降雨条件下顺倾向煤系地层边坡稳定性的影响研究. 地质力学学报, 24 (6): 836-848. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.06.087
引用本文: 李宏儒, 张盼, 王神尼, 等, 2018. 降雨条件下顺倾向煤系地层边坡稳定性的影响研究. 地质力学学报, 24 (6): 836-848. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.06.087
LI Hongru, ZHANG Pan, WANG Shenni, et al., 2018. A STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF RAINFALL ON SLOPE STABILITY ALONG THE TENDENCY OF COAL MEASURE STRATA. Journal of Geomechanics, 24 (6): 836-848. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.06.087
Citation: LI Hongru, ZHANG Pan, WANG Shenni, et al., 2018. A STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF RAINFALL ON SLOPE STABILITY ALONG THE TENDENCY OF COAL MEASURE STRATA. Journal of Geomechanics, 24 (6): 836-848. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.06.087

降雨条件下顺倾向煤系地层边坡稳定性的影响研究

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.06.087
基金项目: 

陕西省自然科学基础项目 2017JM5059

陕西省黄土力学与工程重点实验室项目 13JS073

西安理工大学基金 256211404

详细信息
    作者简介:

    李宏儒(1972-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 从事黄土力学与工程和数值仿真分析。E-mail:lhr2008@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P642.2;P426.615

A STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF RAINFALL ON SLOPE STABILITY ALONG THE TENDENCY OF COAL MEASURE STRATA

  • 摘要: 煤系地层具有岩层软硬不均,层间胶结较差,风化速度快,遇水易软化,结构易破坏导致强度丧失等特点,特别是夹层中炭质泥岩或页岩具有强度低、易活化、易变性和渗透系数相对较小的特点,这决定了其对整体边坡的稳定性具有控制作用。文章分析了煤系地层边坡饱和、非饱和渗流降雨条件(降雨强度)、土性参数(夹层饱和渗透系数)以及边坡形状尺寸(坡脚、夹层倾角、夹层埋深)等因素对边坡渗流特点及稳定性的影响,发现软弱夹层与上下岩体渗透性差异性对边坡稳定性影响明显;软弱夹层埋置越浅,边坡越易失稳;降雨强度越大,边坡越易沿软弱夹层发生滑坡;并非坡脚越大降雨之后边坡的安全系数降低幅度就大,而是随着夹层倾角的增大,边坡的安全系数逐渐降低,边坡越易沿软弱夹层发生滑坡,这些认识对煤系地层边坡的设计和治理有重要的参考意义。

     

  • 图  1  模型的边界条件和降雨入渗初始条件

    Figure  1.  The model's boundary conditions and initial rainfall infiltration conditions

    图  2  材料的土水特征曲线及渗透系数函数

    Figure  2.  Materials of soil water characteristic curves and permeability coefficient functions

    图  3  孔隙水压力随渗透系数变化(72小时)

    Figure  3.  Pore water pressure changing with the permeability coefficient (72 hours)

    图  4  孔隙水压力随渗透系数变化(360小时)

    Figure  4.  Pore water pressure changing with the permeability coefficient (360 hours)

    图  5  夹层与1-1断面交点处孔隙水压力随渗透系数的变化

    Figure  5.  Pore water pressure at the intersection of interlayer and section 1-1 changing with the permeability coefficient

    图  6  安全系数随渗透系数的变化

    Figure  6.  Safety factors changing with the permeability coefficient

    图  7  夹层不同埋深位置及观测点的设置示意图(ABCD为观测点)

    Figure  7.  Schematic diagram of different buried depths of the interlayer and the positions of the observation points (A, B, C and D are the observation points)

    图  8  1-1截面不同埋深位置降雨过程中孔隙水压力的变化

    Figure  8.  The change of pore water pressure under rainful at different buried depths on section 1-1

    图  9  夹层不同埋深位置观测点的孔隙水压力变化

    Figure  9.  The change of pore water pressure at the observation points of different buried depth in the interlayer

    图  10  夹层不同埋深位置降雨过程中安全系数的变化曲线图

    Figure  10.  The variation curves of the safety factors under the rainful at different buried depths in the interlayer

    图  11  不同降雨强度在降雨结束时刻1-1断面的孔隙水压力和体积含水率变化曲线

    Figure  11.  The variation curves of pore pressure and volumetric water content on the section 1-1 at the end of rainfalls with different rainfall intensities

    图  12  不同降雨强度在降雨结束288 h时1-1断面的孔隙水压力和体积含水率变化曲线

    Figure  12.  The variation curves of pore water pressure and volumetric water content on the section 1-1 288 hours after rainfalls with different rainfall intersities

    图  13  不同降雨强度下边坡安全系数随时间变化曲线

    Figure  13.  Variation curves of slope safety factors with time under different rainfall intensities

    图  14  不同开挖坡脚在降雨结束时刻1-1断面孔隙水压力和体积含水率变化曲线

    Figure  14.  The variation curves of pore water pressure and volumetric water content on the section 1-1 at the end of rainfalls with different excavation slope toes

    图  15  不同开挖坡脚在降雨结束288 h时1-1断面孔隙水压力和体积含水率变化曲线

    Figure  15.  The variation curves of pore water pressure and volumetric water content on the section 1-1 288 hours after rainfalls with different excavation slope toes

    图  16  降雨过程中不同开挖坡脚的边坡安全系数变化曲线

    Figure  16.  The varication curves of slope safety factors with different excavation slope toes under rainfalls

    图  17  1-1截面降雨过程中孔隙水压力的变化

    Figure  17.  The variation of pore water pressure on section 1-1 under rainfall

    图  18  1-1截面降雨过程中体积含水率的变化

    Figure  18.  The variation of volumetric moisture content on section 1-1 under rainfall

    图  19  不同夹层倾角边坡降雨过程中安全系数的变化

    Figure  19.  The variation of slope safety factors with different interlayer inclination under rainfall

    表  1  各种材料的计算参数

    Table  1.   The calculation parameters of various materials

    材料 天然密度/(kg/m3) 有效粘聚力/kPa 有效内摩擦角/(°) 饱和渗透系数/(m/s)
    岩土体 2200 75 30 5×10-6
    软弱夹层 1800 20 15 1×10-7
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  夹层饱和渗透系数对边坡渗流稳定性影响分析

    Table  2.   Influence of interlayer saturation permeability coefficient on seepage stability of slope

    计算方案 夹层饱和渗透系数/(m/s) 岩体饱和渗透系数/(m/s) 降雨强度/(m/h) 降雨类型 计算时间
    方案1 1×10-5 降雨时间:72 h
    方案2 5×10-6 5×10-6 0.015 等强模型 雨后时间:288 h
    方案3 1×10-7 计算时间:360 h
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  夹层不同埋深位置对边坡稳定性的影响

    Table  3.   Influence of different buried depths of the interlayer on the slope stability

    计算方案 夹层出口距坡顶的垂直距离 降雨强度 降雨类型 计算时间
    方案1 10 m 0.015 m/h 等强模型 降雨时间:72 h
    雨后时间:288 h
    计算时间:360 h
    方案2 15 m
    方案3 20 m
    方案4 25 m
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  降雨强度对边坡稳定性的影响

    Table  4.   The influence of rainfall intensity on the slope stability

    计算方案 降雨强度/(m/h) 夹层饱和渗透系数/(m/s) 降雨类型 计算时间
    方案1 0.005 降雨时间:72 h
    方案2 0.010 1×10-7 等强模型 雨后时间:288 h
    方案3 0.015 计算时间:360 h
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  不同坡脚对边坡稳定性的影响

    Table  5.   The influence of different slope toes on the slope stability

    计算方案 坡脚 降雨强度 降雨类型 计算时间
    方案1 30° 0.015 m/h 等强模型 降雨时间:72 h
    雨后时间:288 h
    计算时间:360 h
    方案2 40°
    方案3 50°
    方案4 60°
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  不同夹层倾角对边坡稳定性的影响

    Table  6.   Influence of different inclinations on the slope stability

    计算方案 岩层倾角 坡角 降雨强度 降雨类型 计算时间
    方案1 10° 降雨时间:72 h
    方案2 20° 45° 0.015 m/h 等强模型 雨后时间:288 h
    方案3 30° 计算时间:360 h
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2017-07-03
  • 修回日期:  2018-08-02
  • 刊出日期:  2018-12-28

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