RESEARCH ON DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KALAYAGAQI LANDSLIDE IN YINING COUNTRY, XINJIANG
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摘要: 通过对高速远程黄土滑坡动力学特征的研究，提出黄土高速远程滑坡空间预测的模拟方法。以新疆伊宁县喀拉亚尕奇黄土滑坡为例，基于野外地质调查和无人机航拍影像图，结合滑坡研究区的工程地质条件，分析了该滑坡的基本特征和形成条件。研究发现，该滑坡的主要诱发因素是冰雪融水入渗，其孕灾模式主要为四个阶段：后缘拉裂阶段，黄土节理冻胀扩展阶段，融雪入渗失稳阶段，高速下滑阶段。同时利用Rapid模型对滑坡运动全过程进行模拟，计算得到滑坡运动持续时间为26 s，最大运动速度达到22 m/s，堆积体的平均厚度达到5 m等运动特征要素，结果表明Rapid模型可以较好的模拟分析黄土高速远程滑坡动力学效应，为黄土地区类似滑坡的成灾机理和动力学效应分析提供参考。Abstract: Based on the study of dynamic characteristics of high speed long distance loess landslide, a simulation method for spatial prediction of high speed long distance loess landslide is proposed. Taking the Kalayagaqi loess landslide as an example, according to the field geological survey and aerial photograph images of the unmanned aerial vehicle, combined with the engineering geological conditions of the landslide research area, the basic features and formation conditions of the landslide are analysed. The study shows that the main inducing factor of the landslide is the infiltration of melted ice water, and there are mainly four disaster-inducing stages:Firstly, because of the concentration of stress at the top of the mountain, crack phenomenon appears in the trailing of landslide; Secondly, the mountain is covered with snow, and the loess joint fissure are enlarged by the effect of frost heave. Thirdly, due to the rising temperature and the infiltration of melted ice water, the sliding resistance of the landslide is gradually reduced. At last, the landslide lost its stability and slips at a high speed. The Rapid model was used to simulate the whole process of the kalayagaqi landslide. The results show that the duration of the landslide movement is 26 s, the maximum motion speed is up to 22 m/s and the average thickness of the accumulation body reaches 5 m. It proves that the Rapid model can be used to simulate and analyze the dynamic effect of high speed long distance loess landslide, providing reference for the analysis of the disaster-inducing mechanism and dynamic effect of similar landslides in the loess area.
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Key words:
- loess landslide /
- disaster-inducing mechanism /
- kinematics /
- numerical simulation
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图 3 皮里青河流域滑坡分布示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of landslide distribution in the Piliqing River Basin
图 6 滑体平均速度随时间变化图
Figure 6. Variation figure of average velocity of the landslide with time
图 7 不同时刻滑坡堆积形态变化图
Figure 7. Variation diagram of landslide accumulation form at different time
图 8 滑体前后缘运动速度图
Figure 8. Velocity chart of the front and the rear edge of the landslide
表 1 喀拉亚尕奇滑坡Rapid模型参数
Table 1. Parameters of Rapid model of the Kalayagaqi landslide
区域 容重(γ/KN·m-3) 有效摩擦角ϕ 孔压系数Bss 剪切抗力(τss/kPa) 侧向土压力系数k 滑源区 18 12 0.95 6 0.48 堆积区 18 12 0.81 45 0.54 
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