ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PROPAGATION OF MINING BLASTING VIBRATION WAVE IN KARST AREA
-
摘要: 为研究不同情况下爆破振动强度衰变规律和振动对岩溶塌陷的影响，为当地矿山合理开采及减少地面塌陷灾害的发生提供可靠依据，对湖南水口山铅锌矿区进行现场爆破振动测试，并利用古丹铅锌矿实测数据作对比分析；试验矿区共布设4条测线，接收8组爆破振动数据。采用萨道夫斯基修正公式对采集的数据进行计算，以爆破产生的振动波频率及振动速度作为测试指标，对实测数据进行提取、处理，确定爆破振动波的频率及其在介质中的传播速度及地震波引发的质点振动峰值振速。试验结果表明：采矿活动是岩溶地面塌陷的主要影响因素；爆破振动波的频率衰减强度与其在岩土体中的传播距离和断层有关，振动波的传播速度受到岩土体性质、岩层结构特征、岩层走向等因素的影响。Abstract: The field blasting vibration test was carried out on the Pb-Zn mining area of Shuikoushan in Hunan, and the measured data of Gudan Pb-Zn mine were used for comparison and analysis. Four test lines were set up in the area and eight sets of blasting vibration data were received. The collected data were calculated by Sodev's regression correction formula. Vibration wave frequency and vibration velocity were used as test indexes. Based on the measured data, the frequency of blasting vibration wave, the transmission speed in the medium and the peak particle vibration velocity of seismic wave caused by the decay of rule and influencing factors were determined, so as to study the influence of the decay regularity and vibration of blasting vibration on karst collapse under different condition, providing reliable basis for reasonable exploitation of local mines and reducing the occurrence of ground collapse disaster. The experimental results show that mining activity is the main influencing factor of karst ground collapse. The frequency of blasting vibration wave attenuation is related to its propagation distance and fault in the rock mass strength. The wave propagation velocity is influenced by factors such as characteristics of rock and soil, rock stratum and rock strata direction.
-
Key words:
- Pb-Zn mine /
- blasting vibration /
- mining activity /
- karst collapse
-
图 3 水口山Ⅳ号测线接收3#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 3. Main frequency analysis of 3# explosive point of line Ⅳ in Shuikoushan
图 4 水口山Ⅳ号测线接收4#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 4. Main frequency analysis of 4# explosive point of line Ⅳ in Shuikoushan
图 5 水口山Ⅱ号测线接受1#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 5. Main frequency analysis received by 1# explosive point of line Ⅱ in Shuikoushan
图 6 水口山Ⅱ号测线接收2#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 6. Main frequency analysis diagram received by 2# explosive point of line Ⅳ in Shuikoushan
图 7 水口山Ⅰ号测线接收2#爆破点的传播速度分析结果图
Figure 7. Main frequency analysis diagram received by 2# explosive point of line Ⅰ in Shuikoushan
图 8 古丹Ⅲ号测线爆破地震波传播速度分析图
Figure 8. Seismic wave propagation velocity analysis of line Ⅲ in Gudan
图 9 古丹Ⅰ号测线爆破地震波传播速度分析图
Figure 9. Seismic wave propagation velocity analysis of line Ⅰ in Gudan
图 10 古丹Ⅱ号测线爆破地震波传播速度分析图
Figure 10. Seismic wave propagation velocity analysis of line Ⅱ in Gudan
图 11 古丹Ⅰ、Ⅱ号测线爆破振动波传播示意图
Figure 11. Vibration wave propagation schematic diagram of line Ⅰ and line Ⅱ in Gudan
图 13 水口山铅锌矿Ⅱ号测线接2#爆破点的峰值振速与爆心距关系散点图
Figure 13. Peak vibration velocity and epicenter distance received by 2# of line Ⅱ in Shuikoushan
-
[1] 雷明堂, 项式均.近20年来中国岩溶塌陷研究回顾[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 1997, 8(S1):9~13. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK199700672866LEI Mingtang, XIANG Shijun. Review of kart collapse research in China in recent twenty years[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 1997, 8(S1):9~13. (in Chinese) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK199700672866 [2] 李海涛, 陈邦松, 杨雪, 等.岩溶塌陷监测内容及方法概述[J].工程地质学报, 2015, 23(1):126~134. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gcdzxb201501018LI Haitao, CHEN Bangsong, YANG Xue, et al. Review on monitoring contents and methods for karst collapse[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2015, 23(1):126~134. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gcdzxb201501018 [3] 陈奇, 武强.矿区岩溶塌陷工程治理研究[J].工程勘察, 2008, (6):31~35. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gckc200806009CHEN Qi, WU Qiang. Study on the management of karst collapse in mining area[J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2008, (6):31~35. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gckc200806009 [4] 武强, 薛东, 连会青.矿山环境评价方法综述[J].水文地质工程地质, 2005, (3):84~88. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3665.2005.03.023WU Qiang, XUE Dong, LIAN Huiqing. A review on assessment methods of mining environments[J]. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, 2005, (3):84~88. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3665.2005.03.023 [5] 张长敏.煤矿采空塌陷特征与危险性预测研究——以北京西山地区为例[D].北京: 中国地震局地质研究所, 2009. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=gjdzdt201003013ZHANG Changmin. Subsidence features and risk prediction in coalmine goafs: a case Study of the Xishan area in Beijing[D]. Beijing: Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, 2009. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=gjdzdt201003013 [6] 辛宝东.北京市奥林匹克公园岩溶塌陷危险性评价[D].长春: 吉林大学, 2005. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10183-2006014525.htmXIN Baodong. The danger assessment of karst subside about the Olympic park area in Beijing[D]. Changhun: Jilin University, 2005. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10183-2006014525.htm [7] 何书, 王家鼎, 朱忠, 等.基于模糊贴近度的岩溶塌陷易发性研究[J].自然灾害学报, 2009, 18(1):8~13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4574.2009.01.002HE Shu, WANG Jiading, ZHU Zhong, et al. Fuzzy approach degree-based research on occurrence of karstic collapse[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2009, 18(1):8~13. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4574.2009.01.002 [8] 项式均, 陈健, 覃有强.湖北大冶县大广山铁矿岩溶塌陷的预测和评价[J].中国岩溶, 1987, 6(4):37~54. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK000003884755XIANG Shijun, CHEN Jian, QIN Youqiang. Prediction and evaluation of karst collapse in Daguangshan iron mine in Daye county, Hubei[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 1987, 6(4):37~54. (in Chinese) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK000003884755 [9] 高锡擎, 王来斌, 许光泉, 等.淮南煤矿区岩溶塌陷现状及形成条件分析[J].中国煤炭, 2011, 37(11):29~32, 36. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-530X.2011.11.008GAO Xiqing, WANG Laibin, XU Guangquan, et al. Research on present situation and forming conditions of karst collapse in Huainan mining area[J]. China Coal, 2011, 37(11):29~32, 36. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-530X.2011.11.008 [10] 罗周全, 徐海, 杨彪, 等.矿区岩溶地表塌陷神经网络预测研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2011, 22(3):39~44. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2011.03.008LUO Zhouquan, XU Hai, YANG Biao, et al. Prediction of karst collapse in ming area based on neural network[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2011, 22(3):39~44. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2011.03.008 [11] 王益伟, 罗周全, 康勇, 等.矿区疏干诱发岩溶塌陷特征分析及预测[J].中国安全科学学报, 2012, 22(8):10~14. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK201204781586WANG Yiwei, LUO Zhouquan, KANG Yong, et al. Distribution characteristics and prediction of karst collapse induced by dewatering aquifer in mine area[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2012, 22(8):10~14. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK201204781586 [12] 龚华根, 徐芬, 杨辉.层次分析及GIS空间分析在矿山岩溶塌陷预测评估中的应用——以某大理石矿为例[J].地下水, 2014, 36(5):197~200. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dixs201405077GONG Huagen, XU Fen, YANG Hui. AHP and GIS spatial analysis in karst collaspe evaluation and prediction in mine-a case of marble mine[J]. Ground Water, 2014, 36(5):197~200. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dixs201405077 [13] 孙伟, 王议, 张志鹏, 等.矿山地质环境监测对象及要素研究[J].中国矿业, 2014, 23(7):57~60. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2014.07.013SUN Wei, WANG Yi, ZHANG Zhipeng, et al. Objects and elements of mine geological environment monitoring[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2014, 23(7):57~60. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2014.07.013 [14] 叶洲元, 马建军, 蔡路军, 等.利用振动监测数据优化预测爆破质点振动速度[J].矿业研究与开发, 2003, 23(4):48~51. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-2763.2003.04.016YE Zhouyuan, MA Jianjun, CAI Lujun, et al. An optimized calculation of particle vibration velocity by means of the vibration data form blasting monitoring[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2003, 23(4):48~51. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-2763.2003.04.016 [15] 周俊汝, 卢文波, 张乐, 等.爆破地震波传播过程的振动频率衰减规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(11):2171~2178. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb201411002ZHOU Junru, LU Wenbo, ZHANG Le, et al. Attenuation of vibration frequency during propagation of blasting seismic wave[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(11):2171~2178. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb201411002 [16] 卢丽霞.采矿爆破振动下岩溶矿山地表塌陷危险性分析-以古丹铅锌矿为例[D].桂林: 桂林理工大学, 2014. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=degree&id=D553525LU Lixia. Risk analysis of the surface subsidence above karst mine in the blasting vibration of mining activity: a case study of the Gudan lead-zinc mine[D]. Guilin: Guilin University of Technology, 2014. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=degree&id=D553525 -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 220
- HTML全文浏览量: 93
- PDF下载量: 3
- 被引次数: 0
