ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PROPAGATION OF MINING BLASTING VIBRATION WAVE IN KARST AREA
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摘要: 为研究不同情况下爆破振动强度衰变规律和振动对岩溶塌陷的影响，为当地矿山合理开采及减少地面塌陷灾害的发生提供可靠依据，对湖南水口山铅锌矿区进行现场爆破振动测试，并利用古丹铅锌矿实测数据作对比分析；试验矿区共布设4条测线，接收8组爆破振动数据。采用萨道夫斯基修正公式对采集的数据进行计算，以爆破产生的振动波频率及振动速度作为测试指标，对实测数据进行提取、处理，确定爆破振动波的频率及其在介质中的传播速度及地震波引发的质点振动峰值振速。试验结果表明：采矿活动是岩溶地面塌陷的主要影响因素；爆破振动波的频率衰减强度与其在岩土体中的传播距离和断层有关，振动波的传播速度受到岩土体性质、岩层结构特征、岩层走向等因素的影响。Abstract: The field blasting vibration test was carried out on the Pb-Zn mining area of Shuikoushan in Hunan, and the measured data of Gudan Pb-Zn mine were used for comparison and analysis. Four test lines were set up in the area and eight sets of blasting vibration data were received. The collected data were calculated by Sodev's regression correction formula. Vibration wave frequency and vibration velocity were used as test indexes. Based on the measured data, the frequency of blasting vibration wave, the transmission speed in the medium and the peak particle vibration velocity of seismic wave caused by the decay of rule and influencing factors were determined, so as to study the influence of the decay regularity and vibration of blasting vibration on karst collapse under different condition, providing reliable basis for reasonable exploitation of local mines and reducing the occurrence of ground collapse disaster. The experimental results show that mining activity is the main influencing factor of karst ground collapse. The frequency of blasting vibration wave attenuation is related to its propagation distance and fault in the rock mass strength. The wave propagation velocity is influenced by factors such as characteristics of rock and soil, rock stratum and rock strata direction.
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Key words:
- Pb-Zn mine /
- blasting vibration /
- mining activity /
- karst collapse
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图 3 水口山Ⅳ号测线接收3#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 3. Main frequency analysis of 3# explosive point of line Ⅳ in Shuikoushan
图 4 水口山Ⅳ号测线接收4#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 4. Main frequency analysis of 4# explosive point of line Ⅳ in Shuikoushan
图 5 水口山Ⅱ号测线接受1#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 5. Main frequency analysis received by 1# explosive point of line Ⅱ in Shuikoushan
图 6 水口山Ⅱ号测线接收2#爆破点的主频率分析图
Figure 6. Main frequency analysis diagram received by 2# explosive point of line Ⅳ in Shuikoushan
图 7 水口山Ⅰ号测线接收2#爆破点的传播速度分析结果图
Figure 7. Main frequency analysis diagram received by 2# explosive point of line Ⅰ in Shuikoushan
图 8 古丹Ⅲ号测线爆破地震波传播速度分析图
Figure 8. Seismic wave propagation velocity analysis of line Ⅲ in Gudan
图 9 古丹Ⅰ号测线爆破地震波传播速度分析图
Figure 9. Seismic wave propagation velocity analysis of line Ⅰ in Gudan
图 10 古丹Ⅱ号测线爆破地震波传播速度分析图
Figure 10. Seismic wave propagation velocity analysis of line Ⅱ in Gudan
图 11 古丹Ⅰ、Ⅱ号测线爆破振动波传播示意图
Figure 11. Vibration wave propagation schematic diagram of line Ⅰ and line Ⅱ in Gudan
图 13 水口山铅锌矿Ⅱ号测线接2#爆破点的峰值振速与爆心距关系散点图
Figure 13. Peak vibration velocity and epicenter distance received by 2# of line Ⅱ in Shuikoushan
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