ZIRCON U-PB DATING, GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METALLOGENIC SIGNIFICANCE OF GRONODIORITE PORPHYRY FROM THE XIZANGDAGOU GOLD DEPOSIT IN EAST KUNLUN, QINGHAI PROVINCE
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摘要: 利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年，对位于东昆仑地区巴颜喀拉成矿带的西藏大沟金矿床进行研究，首次获得与成矿有密切关系的花岗闪长斑岩加权平均年龄为（225.0±1.2）Ma，厘定为晚三叠世；岩石明显富集大离子亲石元素（Rb、Sr、Ba、K）、轻稀土元素和Pb，明显亏损高场强元素（如Nb、Ta、P、Ti），显示轻稀土元素强烈富集的右倾式稀土配分型式。结合东昆仑地区区域构造演化及金矿成矿年代学资料分析认为，西藏大沟金矿床花岗闪长斑岩形成于挤压向伸展转换阶段，西藏大沟金矿床成矿时间应介于225.0~218.6 Ma，属晚三叠世。Abstract: The Xizangdagou gold deposit lies in the Bayan Har tectonic belt of East Kunlun. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating shows that the weighted mean age of granodiorite porphyry, which is closely related with the mineralization of the Xizangdagou gold deposit, is (225.0±1.2)Ma, in the Late Triassic. This suite of rocks are enriched in LILE (such as Rb, Sr, Ba, K), LREE and Pb, relatively depleting in HFSE (such as Nb, Ta, P, Ti), with rich LREE and low HREE. Based on the study of evolutionary characteristics of regional structures and chronologic data of gold deposits in East Kunlun, the authors suggest that the granodiorite porphyry in the Xizangdagou gold deposit was formed under a conversion tectonic setting from compressional to extensional, and the Xizangdagou gold deposit formed at 225.0~218.6 Ma, in the Late Triassic.
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Key words:
- geochemistry /
- zircon U-Pb dating /
- granodiorite porphyry /
- Xizangdagou /
- East Kunlun
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图 2 西藏大沟金矿床地质简图
1—第四系；2—甘德组；3—昌马河组；4—花岗闪长斑岩脉；5—异常区位置及编号；6—实测逆断层及编号；7—性质不明断层及编号；8—推测断层及编号
Figure 2. Geological sketch map of the Xizangdagou gold deposit
图 3 西藏大沟金矿床14XZTC2探槽素描图及采样位置示意图
Figure 3. The sketch of 14XZTC2 trench and sampling location in the Xizangdagou gold desposit
图 4 西藏大沟花岗闪长斑岩显微照片
a—花岗闪长斑岩中的斜长石斑晶普遍被绢云母和细小帘石交代（正交偏光）；b—花岗闪长斑岩中的黑云母斑晶（正交偏光）
P1—斜长石；Bi—黑云母Figure 4. Microphotograghs of the Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
图 5 西藏大沟花岗闪长斑岩K2O-SiO2图解及A/CNK-A/NK图解
Figure 5. K2O-SiO2 and A/CNK-A/NK plots for the Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
图 6 西藏大沟花岗闪长斑岩的微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图及稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线图(标准化数值据文献[29])
Figure 6. Primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns and chondrite-normalized REE patterns of Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
图 7 西藏大沟花岗闪长斑岩锆石阴极发光照片
Figure 7. CL images of zircons from the Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
图 8 西藏大沟花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图与加权平均年龄图
Figure 8. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagram and weighted mean ages diagram of the Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
图 9 西藏大沟花岗闪长斑岩构造环境判别图
Figure 9. Tectonic setting discrimination diagrams of the Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
表 1 西藏大沟花岗闪长斑岩主量元素(wt%)和微量元素含量(10-6)
Table 1. Contents of major elements(wt%)and trace elements(×10-6)of the Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
编号 14XZH01 14XZH02 14XZH03 14XZH04 14XZH05 编号 14XZH01 14XZH02 14XZH03 14XZH04 14XZH05 SiO2 61.37 63.20 63.04 63.81 63.40 Zr 85.80 115.00 105.00 104.00 112.00 TiO2 0.45 0.47 0.52 0.48 0.48 Hf 2.84 3.49 3.26 3.12 3.36 Al2O3 15.49 16.18 16.55 16.62 16.58 Y 11.00 11.40 12.60 12.30 10.60 Fe2O3 0.50 0.42 0.93 0.50 0.34 La 19.20 19.20 20.60 20.40 18.70 FeO 3.57 3.44 3.30 3.45 3.49 Ce 36.60 34.20 38.20 38.90 34.80 MnO 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.07 Pr 3.93 3.84 4.31 4.28 3.82 MgO 4.03 3.22 3.22 2.85 2.83 Nd 13.80 13.50 16.00 15.90 13.60 CaO 5.50 4.65 5.02 4.99 3.32 Sm 2.81 2.84 3.24 3.06 2.82 Na2O 3.10 3.00 3.05 3.25 2.98 Eu 0.97 0.92 1.07 1.08 0.73 K2O 1.42 1.86 2.02 1.80 2.23 Gd 2.72 2.65 2.93 3.06 2.53 P2O5 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.12 0.13 Tb 0.43 0.43 0.46 0.46 0.40 LOI 4.36 3.33 2.12 2.01 4.13 Dy 2.11 2.15 2.53 2.38 2.18 Total 100.01 99.98 99.99 99.97 99.98 Ho 0.42 0.43 0.50 0.48 0.44 A/CNK 0.931 1.05 1.013 1.015 1.242 Er 1.20 1.20 1.39 1.31 1.20 Rb 57.30 77.80 72.90 75.60 97.60 Tm 0.18 0.18 0.21 0.20 0.18 Ba 572.00 535.00 636.00 562.00 434.00 Yb 1.17 1.20 1.34 1.32 1.16 Th 6.19 6.55 6.57 6.94 6.86 Lu 0.18 0.18 0.21 0.20 0.18 U 2.63 2.76 2.32 2.96 3.01 ΣREE 85.72 82.92 92.99 93.03 82.74 Ta 0.80 0.78 0.75 0.74 0.73 LREE/HREE 9.19 8.85 8.72 8.89 9.00 Nb 9.92 10.10 9.62 9.61 8.76 LaN/YbN 11.77 11.48 11.03 11.09 11.56 Pb 14.60 12.00 15.60 15.20 16.60 δEu 1.07 1.03 1.06 1.08 0.84 Sr 457.00 458.00 401.00 413.00 308.00 δCe 1.03 0.98 0.99 1.02 1.01 
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表 2 西藏大沟金矿床花岗闪长斑岩锆石LA-ICP-MS测年结果
Table 2. LA-ICP-MS dating data of zircons from the Xizangdagou granodiorite porphyry
样品编号 含量/10-6 Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 232Th 238U 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 14XZDG-1 68.2 389.5 0.18 0.0481 0.0010 0.2359 0.0050 0.0356 0.0005 102.1 47.9 215.0 4.1 225.4 3.4 14XZDG-2 81.3 549.4 0.15 0.0514 0.0010 0.2529 0.0050 0.0357 0.0005 258.5 42.7 228.9 4.0 226.0 3.3 14XZDG-3 94.3 458.4 0.21 0.0525 0.0010 0.2579 0.0051 0.0356 0.0005 308.5 41.9 232.9 4.1 225.5 3.3 14XZDG-4 151.5 1133.3 0.13 0.0517 0.0008 0.2526 0.0043 0.0354 0.0005 273.1 35.0 228.7 3.5 224.3 3.2 14XZDG-5 76.4 724.2 0.11 0.0521 0.0010 0.2539 0.0050 0.0354 0.0005 288.3 42.1 229.8 4.0 224.0 3.3 14XZDG-6 112.0 760.7 0.15 0.0499 0.0008 0.2452 0.0044 0.0356 0.0005 191.5 37.7 222.7 3.6 225.6 3.2 14XZDG-7 121.1 748.0 0.16 0.0495 0.0008 0.2435 0.0043 0.0357 0.0005 171.6 37.7 221.3 3.5 226.0 3.2 14XZDG-8 197.0 1092.2 0.18 0.0501 0.0008 0.2454 0.0043 0.0355 0.0005 200.7 37.0 222.8 3.5 224.9 3.2 14XZDG-9 193.6 870.5 0.22 0.0513 0.0009 0.2509 0.0046 0.0354 0.0005 255.8 38.4 227.3 3.7 224.5 3.2 14XZDG-10 109.7 611.5 0.18 0.0499 0.0009 0.2441 0.0045 0.0355 0.0005 187.8 39.0 221.8 3.6 224.9 3.2 14XZDG-11 128.1 840.2 0.15 0.0491 0.0008 0.2422 0.0044 0.0358 0.0005 151.6 39.1 220.2 3.6 226.6 3.2 14XZDG-12 115.7 557.6 0.21 0.0519 0.0011 0.2536 0.0054 0.0355 0.0006 279.0 46.4 229.5 4.3 224.6 3.4 14XZDG-14 292.9 1310.7 0.22 0.0511 0.0017 0.2516 0.0080 0.0357 0.0007 246.7 74.7 227.8 6.5 226.0 4.2 14XZDG-15 97.9 771.1 0.13 0.0509 0.0011 0.2516 0.0057 0.0359 0.0006 235.4 50.5 227.8 4.6 227.1 3.5 14XZDG-16 173.9 774.2 0.22 0.0514 0.0010 0.2472 0.0049 0.0349 0.0005 257.9 42.8 224.3 4.0 221.1 3.3 14XZDG-17 257.1 990.7 0.26 0.0515 0.0010 0.2511 0.0051 0.0354 0.0005 263.0 44.8 227.5 4.2 224.0 3.4 14XZDG-18 150.9 1032.4 0.15 0.0507 0.0008 0.2470 0.0044 0.0353 0.0005 227.4 37.3 224.1 3.6 223.7 3.2 14XZDG-19 155.2 864.0 0.18 0.0516 0.0010 0.2536 0.0049 0.0356 0.0005 268.1 42.1 229.5 4.0 225.7 3.3 14XZDG-20 209.7 1348.9 0.16 0.0489 0.0008 0.2393 0.0042 0.0355 0.0005 142.3 37.2 217.8 3.4 224.8 3.2 14XZDG-21 90.7 597.6 0.15 0.0515 0.0008 0.2510 0.0045 0.0354 0.0005 260.9 37.2 227.4 3.6 224.1 3.2 14XZDG-22 143.6 817.6 0.18 0.0503 0.0010 0.2464 0.0052 0.0355 0.0005 208.7 47.0 223.7 4.2 225.0 3.4 14XZDG-23 112.1 868.9 0.13 0.0520 0.0010 0.2569 0.0052 0.0358 0.0005 286.7 44.6 232.2 4.2 226.8 3.4 14XZDG-24 275.9 1263.1 0.22 0.0520 0.0016 0.2544 0.0075 0.0355 0.0007 283.0 68.7 230.2 6.1 225.0 4.0 14XZDG-25 57.2 485.9 0.12 0.0505 0.0010 0.2455 0.0050 0.0352 0.0005 219.4 45.2 222.9 4.1 223.2 3.3 14XZDG-26 79.0 532.1 0.15 0.0506 0.0012 0.2473 0.0060 0.0354 0.0006 223.4 55.1 224.4 4.9 224.4 3.6 14XZDG-27 203.2 1235.9 0.16 0.0507 0.0009 0.2477 0.0047 0.0355 0.0005 225.7 40.5 224.7 3.8 224.6 3.2 14XZDG-28 250.1 1017.6 0.25 0.0497 0.0007 0.2450 0.0040 0.0358 0.0005 179.4 33.5 222.5 3.3 226.5 3.1 14XZDG-29 95.4 602.4 0.16 0.0505 0.0009 0.2483 0.0045 0.0357 0.0005 218.5 39.1 225.2 3.7 225.8 3.2 14XZDG-30 130.0 776.8 0.17 0.0483 0.0012 0.2354 0.0060 0.0354 0.0006 112.0 59.6 214.6 4.9 224.0 3.6
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