REGIONAL CRUSTAL STABILITY EVALUATION IN BEIJING-ZHANGJIAKOU AREA
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摘要: 在野外调查和广泛收集资料的基础上，分析了控制和影响京张地区区域地壳稳定性的主要因素及内外动力地质的耦合作用。选取活动断裂、地震活动性和深部地球物理等因素，同时选取工程岩组、地形地貌与地表地质灾害等11个因素作为评价因子，并对评价因子进行了分类赋值。采用多因素加权叠加分析方法，建立了区域地壳稳定性评价模型，基于GIS平台对京张地区的区域地壳稳定性进行了定量化评价，将研究区划分为稳定区、次稳定区、次不稳定区和不稳定区4个等级。依据区域地壳稳定性评价结果，为京张高速铁路、云顶滑雪场、石京龙滑雪场的建设和运营提出相关建议，为京张地区国土规划提供了基础依据。Abstract: On the basis of field investigation and extensive collection of information, the main factors of controlling and influencing regional crustal stability and the coupling action of internal and external dynamic geology are analyzed. Active fracture, seismicity and deep geophysics are selected as the main influencing factors of regional stability. At the same time, 11 factors, including engineering rock group, topography and surface geological hazards, are selected as evaluation factors and assigned according to category. The regional crustal stability evaluation model is established by multi-factors weighted superposition analysis method. Based on the GIS platform, the regional crust stability in Beijing-Zhangjiakou area is quantitatively evaluated, in which the research region are divided into 4 grades, including stable region, substable region, subunstable region and unstable region. According to the evaluation results of regional crustal stability, relevant suggestions are put forward for the construction and operation of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-railway, Yun Ding Shan Ski Slope and Shi Jing Long Ski Slope, which provides the basis for territorial planning of Beijing-Zhangjiakou area.
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图 1 京张地区区域构造略图
F1—延矾盆地北缘断裂；F2—施庄断裂；F3—孙庄子-乌龙沟断裂；F4—张家口断裂；F5—怀安-万全盆地北缘断裂；F6—怀涿盆地北缘断裂；F7—蔚县盆地南缘断裂；F8—南口山前断裂；F9—黄庄-高丽营断裂；F10—宣化盆地南缘断裂；F11—崇礼-尚义断裂；F12—沿河城-紫荆关断裂；F13—六棱山南麓断裂；F14—阳原盆地北缘断裂；F15—六棱山北麓断裂；F16—南口-孙河断裂；F17—通县-南苑断裂；F18—夏垫-马坊断裂；F19—门头沟-大兴断裂
Figure 1. Regional tectonic sketch in Beijing-Zhangjiakou area
图 2 京张地区断裂活动性与地震分布图
Figure 2. Fault activity and seismic distribution in Beijing-Zhangjiakou area
图 4 奥运会滑雪场地貌及地质灾害
a—石京龙滑雪场滑道地貌与泥石流冲积扇；b—石京龙滑雪场泥石流沟沟口； c—云顶山滑雪场滑道地貌； d—云顶山滑雪场运动员公寓人工切坡
Figure 4. Topography and geological hazards of Olympic ski slope
图 5 京张地区区域地壳稳定性定量评价结果图
Figure 5. Quantitative evaluation of regional crustal stability in Beijing-Zhangjiakou area
表 1 稳定性评价因素分类赋值标准及权重表
Table 1. Classification valuation criteria and weight of stability evaluation factors
稳定性分级 极高 高 中 低 极低 权值 代码 活动断裂(垂距/m) >4000 2000~4000 1000~2000 500~1000 <500 0.15 fault 地震动峰值加速度/(g/m·s-2) <0.05 0.05~0.10 0.10~0.15 0.15~0.20 0.20~0.30 0.13 dizhen 工程岩组 坚硬块状侵入岩、
深变质岩岩组坚硬火山碎屑岩、
坚硬碳酸盐岩岩组软硬相间碎屑岩、
软硬相间碳酸盐岩、
软硬相间变质岩组软弱层状碎屑
岩岩组松散冲洪
积物岩组0.11 yanzu 布格重力/10-5m·s-2 10~-10 -10~-30 -30~-60 -60~-100 -100~-175 0.10 zhongli 地形变/(mm/a) -2~2 -2~-4，2~4 -4~-7，4~7 -7~-10，7~10 -10~-25，10~12 0.08 xingbian 水系(垂距/m) >4000 2000~4000 1000~2000 500~1000 <500 0.06 shuixi 斜坡坡度/° 0~5 5~10 10~15 15~20 20~32.43 0.07 eleve-s 斜坡高差/m 0~200 200~400 400~800 800~1600 1600~3000 0.05 eleve-h 崩滑流灾点密度/(处/km2) <0.03 0.03~0.09 0.09~0.18 0.18~0.31 0.31~0.7 0.08 bhlt 采空塌陷点密度/(处/km2) <0.02 0.02~0.07 0.07~0.16 0.16~0.26 0.26~0.38 0.04 caikong 地裂缝点密度/(处/km2) <0.04 0.04~0.19 0.19~0.42 0.42~0.76 0.76~1.23 0.05 dlf 赋值 1 2 4 7 10 
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表 2 京张地区区域地壳稳定性定量评价分区表
Table 2. Regional crustal stability quantitative evaluation zoning description in Beijing-Zhangjiakou area
稳定程度 面积/km2 占全区面积比/% 稳定区 9482 18.02 基本稳定区 24369 46.32 次不稳定区 14596.5 27.75 不稳定区 4161 7.91 合计 52608.5 100.00
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