STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THRUST NAPPES IN THE QIANGTANG BASIN AND HYDROCARBON RESOURCES EFFECT
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摘要: 羌塘盆地南羌塘坳陷地表古油藏作为了解盆地石油地质条件的良好窗口，经过多年来对古油藏详细解剖，通过详细的地表构造填图、二维地震和地质浅钻综合揭示了盆地存在大量的逆冲推覆构造。古油藏为盆地自北向南逆冲推覆至地表的大型构造岩席，主要表现为中生代海相地层推覆至晚白垩—中新世湖湘红层之上，古油藏含油层位是中侏罗布曲组砂糖状含油白云岩。针对古油藏石油地质条件解剖表明逆冲推覆构造虽然破坏了上坪油气藏，但是该构造活动不但能够使地层增厚利于有效烃源岩二次生烃，并对下坪地层有效遮挡封盖，同时构造活动有利于优质白云岩储集层和构造圈闭的形成，为二次成藏创造了良好的生储盖时空匹配关系，有利于逆冲推覆型油气藏的形成。Abstract: As a good chance to understand the petroleum geological conditions of the basin, the paleo-oil reservoir in the south Qiangtang depression of the Qiangtang basin has been researched in detail for many years, and a large number of thrust nappe structures are revealed through detailed structural mapping, 2D seismic and geological shallow drilling. The paleo-oil reservoir is a large tectonic bed where the basin overthrust to the surface from north to south. It is mainly menifested in Mesozoic Marine strata overlying the late cretaceous-miocene lacustrine red beds, and the middle Jurassic oil-bearing dolomite is the main high quality reservoir of the paleo-oil reservoir. Analysis of the petroleum geological conditions of the paleo-oil reservoirs show that although thrust nappe structure destroys hanging wall anticline reservoirs, it makes stratum thickening, beneficial to the secondary hydrocarbon generation in effective source rocks and the effective shield and seal for the footwall flat. At the same time, it is conducive to the formation of high-quality dolomite reservoirs and structural traps, creating a good spatial-temporal matching relationship between generation, reservoir and cover for secondary accumulation, and contributing to the formation of thrust nappe type reservoirs.
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Key words:
- thrust nappe structure /
- paleo-oil reservoir /
- oil-bearing dolomite /
- Jurassic /
- Qiangtang basin /
- Tibetan plateau
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图 2 羌塘盆地地表逆冲推覆构造特征
J1q—下侏罗统曲色组；J2b—中侏罗统布曲组；J2x—中侏罗统夏里组；J3s—上侏罗统索瓦组；K2a—白垩系阿布山组；Ek—古近系康拓组
Figure 2. Characteristics of overthrust nappe in the Qiangtang basin
图 3 羌塘盆地侏罗系成藏事件图
Figure 3. Jurassic hydrocarbon accumulation events in the Qiangtang Basin
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