Abstract: The Tarim Basin is a promising petroliferous area where many tectonic systems are known to compound each other. The research results show that the second-order tectonic systems in the Basin control the oil-generating depression and the zone of oil and gas enrichment, and the third-or fourth-order shear tectonic systems the oil and gas fields. The Basin is characterized by containing a good number of source beds, not single type of oil/gas pools, many different petroliferous domains and a multi-phase in oil/gas accumulation.