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东天山天宇镍矿床控矿构造初步研究

陈柏林 董法先 李松彬 陈正乐 韩凤彬

陈柏林, 董法先, 李松彬, 等, 2018. 东天山天宇镍矿床控矿构造初步研究. 地质力学学报, 24 (2): 177-187. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.02.019
引用本文: 陈柏林, 董法先, 李松彬, 等, 2018. 东天山天宇镍矿床控矿构造初步研究. 地质力学学报, 24 (2): 177-187. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.02.019
CHEN Bailin, DONG Faxian, LI Songbin, et al., 2018. A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORE-CONTROLLING STRUCTURE IN TIANYU NICKEL DEPOSIT, EASTERN TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS, NW CHINA. Journal of Geomechanics, 24 (2): 177-187. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.02.019
Citation: CHEN Bailin, DONG Faxian, LI Songbin, et al., 2018. A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORE-CONTROLLING STRUCTURE IN TIANYU NICKEL DEPOSIT, EASTERN TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS, NW CHINA. Journal of Geomechanics, 24 (2): 177-187. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.02.019

东天山天宇镍矿床控矿构造初步研究

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.02.019
基金项目: 

地质力学研究所基本科研业务费 DZLXJK201201

详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈柏林(1962-), 男, 研究员, 主要从事区域构造、矿田构造和成矿预测研究。E-mail:cblh6299@263.net

  • 中图分类号: P613;P618.63

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORE-CONTROLLING STRUCTURE IN TIANYU NICKEL DEPOSIT, EASTERN TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS, NW CHINA

  • 摘要: 天宇铜镍矿床位于塔里木板块之中天山地块东南缘,铜镍矿床主要受康古尔断裂和雅满苏断裂控制。矿区及外围主要出露中元古界的一套中、深变质岩系,次为上古生界一套火山熔岩、火山碎屑岩;褶皱构造和断裂构造比较发育,以北东东向为特征,白虎关复背斜是区内一级褶皱构造,砂泉子断裂(雅满苏断裂在区内的部分)是区内一级断裂构造;片麻岩及变形花岗岩中各种片麻状与眼球状构造非常发育,反映遭受了区域性韧性变形。详细的地表地质与坑道调查显示,矿区内以断裂构造为特征,主要有北东向断裂和近南北(北北东)向断裂,其中一部分北东向断裂控制含镍矿超基性岩体的侵位和展布,继而控制镍矿体的分布;近南北(北北东)向断裂主要为成矿后断裂,对含矿超基性岩体及镍矿起左行断错和破坏作用。但是在天宇镍矿区断错有限,主矿体比较完整,没有被明显断错。在1350 m采矿中段镍矿体的突然尖灭不是南北向断裂断错造成的,而是含矿超基性岩体内镍矿化不均匀的自然尖灭结果。此研究成果对于东天山地区乃至国内同类型铜镍矿床的构造控矿作用分析、矿山采矿工程部署等具有重要的启示。

     

  • 图  1  东天山地区大地构造格架与矿产分布图(据文献[1]修编)

    1—吐哈盆地;2—大南湖-头苏泉古生代岛弧;3康古尔塔格古生代蛇绿混杂岩带及韧性剪切带;4—阿奇山-雅满苏晚古生代裂谷;5—中天山岩浆弧;6—地质界线;7—板块俯冲带;8—大断裂;9—铜镍矿;10—多金属矿;11—铁铜矿;12—铜矿/金矿

    Figure  1.  Sketch map of tectonics and ore deposits in the eastern Tianshan Mountains, NW China

    图  2  东天山天宇镍矿及外围地质图

    Q—第四系;C2d—石炭系上统底坎尔组;C1y—石炭系下统雅满苏组;Jx—蓟县系;Chxc—长城系星星峡组上亚组;Chxb—长城系星星峡组中亚组;Chxa—长城系星星峡组下亚组;βμ43—华力西晚期辉绿玢岩;γ42—华力西中期花岗岩;γδ42—华力西中期花岗闪长岩;δ42—华力西中期闪长岩;λπ42—华力西中期石英斑岩;γ41—华力西早期花岗岩;δ41—华力西早期闪长岩;ν41—华力西早期辉长岩;γ3—加里东期花岗岩;1—地质界线;2—断层;3—背斜构造;4—片麻理;5—产状;6—天宇矿区(图 5位置)

    Figure  2.  Geological map of Tianyu nickel deposit and its vicinity in eastern Tianshan Mountains

    图  3  天宇镍矿外围沙泉子断裂、变质岩与变形花岗岩中眼球状及片麻状构造露头照片

    a—砂泉子断裂地貌特点和断错褪色破碎带,T24地质点,镜头向北东东;b—图片(a)的局部放大,沙泉子断裂断层退色破碎带中发育明显的片理化,T24地质点,镜头向北东东;c—红柳沟断裂北西侧中酸性火山岩中韧性变形带,T02地质点北,镜头向南西下;d—红柳沟断裂北西侧中酸性火山岩中韧性变形带,T02地质点北,镜头向北西下;e—眼球状糜棱片麻岩, 眼球具有定向, S-C组构指示右行, 天宇—星星峡剖面T53-2地质点, 镜头向南下;f—弱片麻状花岗岩中捕虏体拉长并呈70°方向定向排列,矿区2线北西,T16地质点,镜头向下

    Figure  3.  Photographs showing the Shaquanzi fault and gneissoid and augen structures of metamorphic rocks in Tianyu nickel doposit and its visinity

    图  4  天宇镍矿外围褶皱构造图

    a—矿区地质构造图,岩性说明同图 2,1—地质界线,2—断裂,3—高级别区域背斜,4—低级别背形和向形,5—片麻理,6—产状;b—不对称小褶皱反映上层向北向上的相对运动,指示背形构造在北侧,向形构造在南侧,T64地质点,镜头向东下;c—矿区东南,片麻岩中S形褶皱,反映上层向南向上的相对运动,指示背形构造在南侧,向形构造在北侧,T91地质点,镜头向西下;d—黑云斜长片麻岩及其中顺片麻岩理的层间褶皱,反映北侧左行逆冲,指示背形构造在南侧,向形构造在北侧,T29点,镜头向北西下;e—黑云斜长片麻岩中发育多个小褶皱转折端,枢纽向南西西倾伏,指示位于高一级别褶皱转折端附近的南东翼,T36点,镜头向南西;f—片麻岩中的不对称褶皱指示向形构造在北西侧,背形构造在南东侧,T51点,镜头向南西;g—长城系星星峡组眼球状片麻岩中的褶皱构造,反映北侧相对上升层间活动,指示低级别向形在北侧,背形在南侧,T09点,镜头向东

    Figure  4.  Maps showing folds in Tianyu nickel deposit and its vicinity, eastern Tianshan Mountains

    图  5  天宇镍矿区地质图

    1—长城系星星峡组中亚组第五岩性段;2—长城系星星峡组中亚组第四岩性段;3—长城系星星峡组中亚组第一岩性段;4—长城系星星峡组下亚组第一岩性段;5—片麻状花岗岩;6—辉长岩;7—超基性岩;8—超基性岩体编号;9—一般断层及编号/左行走滑断裂及编号;10—左行逆冲断裂及编号;11—镍矿体/蚀变带;12—探槽及编号;13—钻孔及编号;14—坐标线

    Figure  5.  Geological map of the Tianyu nickel deposit

    图  6  天宇镍矿区北近南北向断层(F8)的构造破碎带和硅化带

    a—F8断裂地表沟谷(T71点),镜头向北;b—图片a的局部放大,显示破碎带的岩石及组成,镜头向北;c—F8断裂地表沟谷及硅化带(T72点),镜头向南

    Figure  6.  Photographs showing the fracture zone and the silicified zone of the SN-trending fault(F8) in Tianyu nickel ore area

    图  7  天宇镍矿区北北东向断层(F9)的地貌特征和构造破碎带

    a—F9断裂地表沟谷和鞍形地貌,断错片麻状花岗岩与角闪斜长片麻岩的岩性界线,T102点,镜头向北东;b—F9断裂构造破碎带,次级裂隙指示剖面上为东侧上升的逆冲,破碎带及两侧发育绿泥石化,TC2001北东壁(T102点), 镜头向北东;c—F9断裂构造破碎带局部放大,绿泥石化发育,TC2001南西壁(T102点),镜头向南西

    Figure  7.  Photographs showing the morphostructure and the fracture zone of the NNE-trending fault(F9) in Tianyu nickel ore area

    图  8  天宇镍矿区北北东向断层(F20)的变形特征

    a—1350 m采矿中段CM10穿脉巷道与运输巷岔口北东8 m,矿体南侧主构造带,顶板照片(已翻转);b—1350 m采矿中段CM8穿脉巷道工业矿体与南侧边界断层破碎带,破碎带内有矿体和含矿辉长岩,南侧(左)仍有矿化,坑壁照片,镜头向南西;c—1400 m采矿中段CM7穿脉巷道与运输巷岔口顶板构造带,顶板照片(已翻转);d—1400 m采矿中段CM7穿脉巷道与运输巷岔口顶板构造带,顶板照片(已翻转); e—1350 m采矿中段CM10穿脉巷道与运输巷岔口北东16 m,矿体南侧主构造带,顶板照片(已翻转);f—1350 m采矿中段CM9穿脉巷道与运输巷岔口处,矿体南侧主构造带南侧片麻岩发生褶皱,指示右行相对运动,顶板照片(已翻转)

    Figure  8.  Photographs showing deformation characteristics of the NE-trending fault(F20) in Tianyu nickel ore area

    图  9  天宇镍矿1350 m中段CM12穿脉巷道北东侧南出矿巷工业矿体西界附近弧形小断层分布图

    a—小断层与矿体界线关系;b—矿体界线照片,顶板照片已翻转

    Figure  9.  Maps showing the arcuate fault near the western bound of ore-body at the northeast of CM12 of 1350 m level

    图  10  天宇镍矿1400 m中段与1350 m中段工业矿体西界形态对比图

    a—1400 m中段;b—1350 m中段
    1—片麻岩与辉长岩界线;2—镍工业矿体;3—矿化体;4—采矿巷道;5—采矿部署线;6—坐标线

    Figure  10.  Comparison of the shape of western boundary of the ore-body between 1350 m and 1400 m level in Tianyu nickel doposit

    图  11  天宇镍矿1350 m采矿中段CM12穿脉巷道与主运输巷道叉口附近裂隙分布图

    1—辉石岩;2—片麻岩;3—巷道;4—小型裂隙带;5—岩性界线;6—巷道顶板照片位置(照片已经镜面翻转);7—巷道侧壁照片位置;8—裂隙带产状

    Figure  11.  Maps showing fractures near the crossing of the CM12 and main transport gallery at 1350 m level in Tianyu nickel deposit

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2017-07-10
  • 修回日期:  2018-03-09
  • 刊出日期:  2018-04-01

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